Microsoft Active Directory definitions beginning with G

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The global catalog contains a partial replica of every Windows 2000 /Windows 2003 domain in the directory. The GC lets users and applications find objects in an Active Directory domain tree, given one or more attributes of the target object. It also contains the schema and configuration of directory partitions. This means the global catalog holds a replica of every object in the Active Directory, but with only a small number of their attributes. The attributes in the global catalog are those most frequently used in search operations (such as a user's first and last names, logon names, and so on), and those required to locate a full replica of the object. The GC allows users to find objects of interest quickly without knowing what domain holds them and without requiring a contiguous (a single logical directory tree, as opposed to a set of directory trees) extended namespace in the enterprise. The global catalog is built automatically by the Active Directory replication system.
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Browse Related Terms: Domain, Domain Tree, Forest, Forest trusts, GC, Global Catalog, Global Catalog server, PFRD, Protected Forest Root Domain (PFRD), Tree, UPN

Holds a copy of the forest-wide database within each domain. It has three functions: Find objects, allow User Principal Name (UPN) logons, and support Universal groups.
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A Windows 2000 / Windows 2003 domain controller that holds a copy of the global catalog for the forest.
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Browse Related Terms: Domain, Domain Tree, Forest, Forest trusts, GC, Global Catalog, Global Catalog (GC), PFRD, Protected Forest Root Domain (PFRD), Tree, UPN

A 16-byte value generated from the unique identifier on a device, the current date and time, and a sequence number. A GUID is used to identify a particular device, component, user, or session.
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Browse Related Terms: Attribute, Attributes, Classes, GUID, Object, Object identifier (OID), Schema, X.500

Used for application of security rights. Three groups exist: Universal for entire forest, Global between domains, and Domain Local within a single domain.
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A collection of users, computers, contacts, and other groups. Groups can be used as security or as email distribution collections. Distribution groups are used only for email. Security groups are used both to grant access to resources and as email distribution lists.
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A directory Object that can be used to set security on resources provided by the operating system such as shares and printers.
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Browse Related Terms: Access Control, Generic Accounts, Group memberships, Network Service account, Permissions, Resource Publishing, Service Account, User Account

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The groups to which a user account belongs. Permissions and rights granted to a group are also provided to its members. In most cases, the actions a user can perform in Windows are determined by the group memberships of the user account to which the user is logged on.
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Browse Related Terms: Access Control, Generic Accounts, Group, Network Service account, Permissions, Resource Publishing, Service Account, User Account

An Active Directory Object than can be used to control how the attributes of Users and Computers are configured. It is applied at the OU level.
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Browse Related Terms: Computers, Group Policy object, Policy, Security Template, Users

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Specific to a domain only, parameter settings which can be applied to objects within the directory.
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Browse Related Terms: Computers, Group Policy, Policy, Security Template, Users

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A logical concept that is used to represent a single collective set of computer and/or user policies. It is given a unique name, such as a globally unique identifier (GUID). A GPO can be associated with one or more Active Directory containers, such as a site, domain, or organizational unit. Multiple containers can be associated with the same GPO, and a single container can have more than one associated GPO. In addition, by default every computer receives a local Group Policy object (LGPO) that contains only security-specific policies. It is also possible for the administrator to set and apply different local group policies on individual computers. This is useful for computers that are not members of a domain, or computers that the administrator wishes to exempt from Group Policy inherited from the domain.
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Browse Related Terms: Container, Organizational Unit, Organizational unit (OU), OU, OU (organizational unit)