Upstream
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- The region extending in a 5' direction from a gene.
Susan Allender-Hagedorn and Charles Hagedorn - Cite This Source - This Definition - 1. The stretch of DNA lying in the 5' direction from the site being considered. Where the reference point is the initiation of transcription, the first transcribed base is designated +1 and upstream nucleotides are marked with minus signs, e.g. -1, -10; 2. In chemical engineering, those phases of a manufacturing process that precede the biotransformation step. Refers to the preparation of raw materials for a fermentation process. Also called upstream processing.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition - Downstream, methylation, Poly(A) polymerase, poly-(A) tail, polyadenylation, terminal transferase
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