Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) - permalink
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- One of the U.S. agencies responsible for regulation of biotechnology. The major law under which the agency has regulatory powers is the Occupational Safety and Health Act.
Susan Allender-Hagedorn and Charles Hagedorn - Cite This Source - This Definition - Browse Related Terms: Occupational Safety and Health Act, OSHA, phytosanitary
octoploid - permalink
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- . An organism, or a tissue whose cells contain eight haploid sets of chromosomes.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition - Browse Related Terms: aneuploid, dihaploid, euploid, mixoploid, monoploid, Polyploid, somatic reduction, tetraploid, triploid, x
oestrogen - permalink
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- The generic term for a group of female sex hormones which control the development of sexual characteristics and control oestrus. AlteRNA tive spelling: estrogen.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition - Browse Related Terms: Estrogen, oestrous cycle, oestrus
oestrous - permalink
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- (adj.) See: oestrus.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition - Browse Related Terms: allelic, autotrophic, ciliate, diplotene, disomic, eucaryote, eucaryotic, heterozygous, homozygous, leptotene, nullisomic, pachytene, parenchymatous, phytoparasitic, pleiotropic, septate, trisomic, viviparous, zygotene
oestrous cycle - permalink
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- The cycle of reproductive activity shown by most sexually mature non-pregnant female mammals. AlteRNA tive spelling: estrous.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition - Browse Related Terms: Estrogen, oestrogen, oestrus
oestrus - permalink
All > Science > Biotechnology and Genetics > Food Biotechnology
- In female mammals, the period of sexual excitement and acceptance of the male. Synonyms: rut, heat. AlteRNA tive spelling: estrus (adj.: estrous).
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition - Browse Related Terms: Estrogen, oestrogen, oestrous cycle
offset - permalink
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- Young plant produced at the base of a mature plant.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition - Browse Related Terms: capacitation, gynogenesis, oosphere, Ovum, ovum pickup, polar bodies
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offshoot - permalink
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- Short, usually horizontal, stem produced near the crown of a plant.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition - Browse Related Terms: cambial zone, cortex, crown, endodermis, hypocotyl, mycelium, pericycle, stele, stolon, thallus, tropism
offspring - permalink
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- New individuals resulting from sexual or asexual reproduction. Synonym: progeny.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition - Browse Related Terms: clonal propagation, Clone, dimorphism, germplasm, mass selection, negative selection, ramet, Species
Okazaki fragment - permalink
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- Replicated DNA fragments formed on the lagging strand in DNA synthesis from a double-stranded template. The fragments are subsequently joined together by DNA ligase. See: primosome.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition - Browse Related Terms: lagging strand, leading strand, Replication, replication fork, semi-conservative replication, Semiconservative replication
OLA - permalink
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- Abbreviation for oligonucleotide ligation assay.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition - Browse Related Terms: AHG, IPR, LTR, npt-II, PWP, SCE, VNTR
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Olfactory bulb - permalink
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- A part of the brain involved in detecting and discriminating among different smells.
The President's Council on Bioethics - Cite This Source - This Definition - Browse Related Terms: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), cerebrospinal fluid, Glia, Neuroectoderm
oligo - permalink
All > Science > Biotechnology and Genetics > Human Genome
- See: oligonucleotide
Human Genome Project - Cite This Source - This Definition - Oligonucleotide, short sequence of single-stranded DNA or RNA. Oligos are often used as probes for detecting complementary DNA or RNA because they bind readily to their complements. See also
National Human Genome Research Institute - Cite This Source - This Definition - Browse Related Terms: DNA probe, in situ hybridization, microarray technology, northern blot, Probe, Southern blot, Southern blotting
oligodendrocyte - permalink
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- Cell that provides insulation to nerve cells by forming a myelin sheath around axons.
DHHS - Cite This Source - This Definition - A type of neuroglia, that is, a particular type of cell that is part of the nervous system with supportive and metabolic functions rather than signal conduction, this type forms the myelin sheath around nerve fibers.
The President's Council on Bioethics - Cite This Source - This Definition - A supporting cell that provides insulation to nerve cells by forming a myelin sheath (a fatty layer) around axons.
NIH - Cite This Source - This Definition - Browse Related Terms: Metachromatic leukodystrophy, myelin, Myelin basic protein (MPB), Myelin sheath, neuron, Neurons, NMDA receptor
Oligogenic - permalink
All > Science > Biotechnology and Genetics > Human Genome
- A phenotypic trait produced by two or more genes working together. See also: polygenic disorder
Human Genome Project - Cite This Source - This Definition - Browse Related Terms: Diabetes mellitus, Monogenic disorder, Monogenic inheritance, Multifactorial or multigenic disorder, Polygenic disorder, Single-gene disorder, Suppressor gene, Wolfram syndrome
oligomer - permalink
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- A molecule formed by the covalent joining of a small (undefined) number of monomers . See: polymer.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition - Browse Related Terms: CD molecules, cluster of differentiation, dehalogenation, macromolecule, molecule
Oligonucleotide - permalink
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- A nucleotide oligomer. Often synthesized for use as primers for in vitro DNA synthesis. See: polymerase chain reaction.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition - A DNA polymer composed of only a few nucleotides. (See Nucleotide.)
Susan Allender-Hagedorn and Charles Hagedorn - Cite This Source - This Definition - Browse Related Terms: Amplify, AP-PCR, differential display, DNA amplification, DNA diagnostics, DNA polymerase, DNA replication, PCR, polymerase, polymerase chain reaction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Polymerase (DNA), Taq polymerase
- A molecule usually composed of 25 or fewer nucleotides; used as a DNA synthesis primer. See also: nucleotide
Human Genome Project - Cite This Source - This Definition - Browse Related Terms: deoxyribonucleotide, nucleic acid, ribonucleotide, Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)