Biotechnology and Genetics definitions beginning with X

Biotechnology and Genetics (4,851) : A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z # Definitions 1 - 15 of 15 beginning with X

x - permalink - collapse

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The basic number of chromosomes in a polyploid series, monoploid/haploid = x; diploid = 2x; triploid = 3x; etc.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: aneuploid, dihaploid, euploid, mixoploid, monoploid, octoploid, Polyploid, somatic reduction, tetraploid, triploid

xanthophyll - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Biotechnology and Genetics > Food Biotechnology

A yellow oxygen-containing carotenoid, present in chloroplasts.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: carotenoid, chelate

X-chromosome - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Biotechnology and Genetics > Food Biotechnology

See: sex chromosome.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition

All > Science > Biotechnology and Genetics > Human Genome

One of the two sex chromosomes, X and Y. See also: Y chromosome, sex chromosome
Human Genome Project - Cite This Source - This Definition

xenia - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Biotechnology and Genetics > Food Biotechnology

The immediate effect of pollen on some characters of the endosperm.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: anther, anthesis, double fertilization, microgametophyte, micropyle, pollination, self-incompatibility, Self-pollination, stigma, style

xenobiotic - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Biotechnology and Genetics > Food Biotechnology

A chemical compound that is not produced by, and often cannot be degraded by, living organisms.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: amylolytic, bioconversion, Biomass, biomimetic materials, bioprocess, chemical mutagen

xenogeneic - permalink - collapse

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Refers to organ s, genetically engineered ("humanized") todecrease the chance of rejection, that have been grown in an animal of another species for potential transplant to humans.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: disrupter gene, GEM, Genetic engineering, genetically engineered organism, GEO, Herbicide-tolerant crop, nutriceutical, superbug, Wild type

xenograft - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Biotechnology and Genetics > Human Genome

Tissue or organs from an individual of one species transplanted into or grafted onto an organism of another species, genus, or family. A common example is the use of pig heart valves in humans.
Human Genome Project - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Bioremediation, Chimera (pl. chimaera), Coisogenic or congenic, DNA bank, fibroblasts, Gyandromorph, Murine, proteome, recombination, Wild type

Also listed in

All > Medicine > Cancer

xenotransplantation - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Biotechnology and Genetics > Food Biotechnology

Transplantation of cells, tissues, or organs from one species to another.
USDA CSREES - Cite This Source - This Definition
The transplantation of tissue or organs from one species to another species, typically from pigs to humans. Zoonoses are an important issue.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Persistence, persistent, porcine endogenous retrovirus

Xenotransplantion - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Biotechnology and Genetics > Stem Cell

A transplant of tissue from an animal of one species to an animal of another species.
The President's Council on Bioethics - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Allogeneic cell transplantation, Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant, Allogeneic transplantation, autologous, Autologous Stem Cell Transplant, Autologous transplant, Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD), Histocompatible, Immunocompromised mice, Immunosuppressive drugs, Major histocompatibility complex (MHC), transplantation, Transplantation biology

xerophyte - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Biotechnology and Genetics > Food Biotechnology

A plant very resistant to drought, typically adapted to extremely dry environments.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: dry weight, freeze-dry, lyophilize, matric potential, recalcitrant

X inactivation - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Biotechnology and Genetics > Stem Cell

The normal inactivation of one of the two X chromosomes in females.
DHHS - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: aneuploid, Autosome, diploid, Diploid human cell, haploid, Karyotype, metaphase, Mitosis, Y-chromosome

X-linked - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Biotechnology and Genetics > Food Biotechnology

The presence of a gene on the X-chromosome.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: chromonema, chromosomal integration site, chromosome banding, chromosome theory of inheritance, Chromosomes, compound chromosome, Cytogenetics, endomitosis, Genome, independent assortment, karyogram, lampbrush chromosome

X-linked disease - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Biotechnology and Genetics > Food Biotechnology

A genetic disease caused by an allele at a locus on the X-chromosome.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition
A genetic disease caused by a mutation on the X chromosome. In X-linked recessive conditions, a normal female "carrier" passes on the mutated X chromosome to an affected son.
Susan Allender-Hagedorn and Charles Hagedorn - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: chromosomal aberration, chromosomal polymorphism, chromosome mutation, fluorescence in situ hybridization, hybrid dysgenesis, zoo FISH

X-ray crystallography - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Biotechnology and Genetics > Food Biotechnology

The diffraction pattern of X-rays passing through a pure crystal of a substance.
Susan Allender-Hagedorn and Charles Hagedorn - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: avidin, circadian, differentially permeable, distillation, osmotic potential, Vitamins

xylem - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Biotechnology and Genetics > Food Biotechnology

A complex tissue specialized for the conduction of water and mineral nutrients in solution. Xylem may also function as a supporting tissue, particularly secondary xylem.
UN Food and Agriculture Organization - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Vascular, vessel, vessel element

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