Human Genome definitions beginning with L

Leukemia - permalink - collapse

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Cancer of the developing blood cells in the bone marrow. Leukemia leads to rampant overproduction of white blood cells (leukocytes); symptoms usually include anemia, fever, enlarged liver, spleen, and/or lymph nodes. See also cancer
National Human Genome Research Institute - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Antibody, Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS), bone marrow transplantation, lymphocyte, stem cell

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library - permalink - collapse

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An unordered collection of clones (i.e., cloned DNA from a particular organism) whose relationship to each other can be established by physical mapping. See also: genomic library, arrayed library
Human Genome Project - Cite This Source - This Definition
A collection of cloned DNA, usually from a specific organism. See also cloning, gene
National Human Genome Research Institute - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Arrayed library, Clone, clone bank, Cloning, gene library, Genomic library, nuclear transfer, Overlapping clones

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Linkage - permalink - collapse

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The proximity of two or more markers (e.g., genes, RFLP markers) on a chromosome; the closer the markers, the lower the probability that they will be separated during DNA repair or replication processes (binary fission in prokaryotes, mitosis or meiosis in eukaryotes), and hence the greater the probability that they will be inherited together.
Human Genome Project - Cite This Source - This Definition
The association of genes and/or markers that lie near each other on a chromosome. Linked genes and markers tend to be inherited together. See also chromosome, gene, inherited
National Human Genome Research Institute - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Genetic marker, haplotype, lod score, Marker, reporter gene

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linkage disequilibrium - permalink - collapse

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Where alleles occur together more often than can be accounted for by chance. Indicates that the two alleles are physically close on the DNA strand. See also: Mendelian inheritance
Human Genome Project - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: allele, autosomal dominant, Codominance, Dominant, Genetic illness, Mendelian inheritance

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Linkage map - permalink - collapse

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A map of the relative positions of genetic loci on a chromosome, determined on the basis of how often the loci are inherited together. Distance is measured in centimorgans (cM).
Human Genome Project - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Cytological band, Cytological map, Deletion map, gene mapping, genetic map, Mapping, Mapping population, Physical map, Resolution

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Localize - permalink - collapse

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Determination of the original position (locus) of a gene or other marker on a chromosome.
Human Genome Project - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: centiMorgan, Centimorgan (cM), epistasis, Expressed gene, interference, locus, Locus (pl. loci)

locus - permalink - collapse

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The place on a chromosome where a specific gene is located, a kind of address for the gene. The plural is "loci," not "locuses." See also chromosome, gene
National Human Genome Research Institute - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: centiMorgan, Centimorgan (cM), epistasis, Expressed gene, interference, Localize, Locus (pl. loci)

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Locus (pl. loci) - permalink - collapse

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The position on a chromosome of a gene or other chromosome marker; also, the DNA at that position. The use of locus is sometimes restricted to mean expressed DNA regions. See also: gene expression
Human Genome Project - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: centiMorgan, Centimorgan (cM), epistasis, Expressed gene, interference, Localize, locus

lod score - permalink - collapse

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A statistical estimate of whether two loci are likely to lie near each other on a chromosome and are therefore likely to be inherited together. A LOD score of three or more is generally taken to indicate that the two loci are close. See also chromosome, gene, inherited, locus
National Human Genome Research Institute - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Genetic marker, haplotype, Linkage, Marker, reporter gene

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Long-Range Restriction Mapping - permalink - collapse

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Restriction enzymes are proteins that cut DNA at precise locations. Restriction maps depict the chromosomal positions of restriction-enzyme cutting sites. These are used as biochemical "signposts," or markers of specific areas along the chromosomes. The map will detail the positions where the DNA molecule is cut by particular restriction enzymes.
Human Genome Project - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Endonuclease, Macrorestriction map, Rare-cutter enzyme, Restriction-enzyme cutting site, Restriction enzyme, endonuclease, restriction enzymes, Restriction-fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP)

lymphocyte - permalink - collapse

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A small white blood cell that plays a major role in defending the body against disease. There are two main types of lymphocytes: B cells, which make antibodies that attack bacteria and toxins, and T cells, which attack body cells themselves when they have been taken over by viruses or become cancerous. See also cancer, cell
National Human Genome Research Institute - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Antibody, Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS), bone marrow transplantation, Leukemia, stem cell

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Human Genome (558) : A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z #

ExpertGlossary

Leukemia - permalink - collapse

library - permalink - collapse

Linkage - permalink - collapse

linkage disequilibrium - permalink - collapse

Linkage map - permalink - collapse

Localize - permalink - collapse

locus - permalink - collapse

Locus (pl. loci) - permalink - collapse

lod score - permalink - collapse

Long-Range Restriction Mapping - permalink - collapse

lymphocyte - permalink - collapse

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