Options Clearing Corporation (OCC)
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The Options Clearing Corporation issues all exchange-listed securities options in the United States and guarantees all transactions in those options.
The OCC also assigns exercised options for fulfillment, and handles the processing, delivery, and settlement of all options transactions.
The OCC is responsible for maintaining a fair and orderly market in options and is overseen by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). It's jointly owned by the exchanges that trade options.
For an overview of what you should know about options trading, you can check the OCC publication, "Characteristics and Risks of Standardized Options."
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