Definitions beginning with G

Geomagnetic Field - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Weather

The magnetic field observed in and around the earth. The intensity of the magnetic field at the earth's surface is approximately 0.32 gauss at the equator and 0.62 gauss at the north pole
NOAA National Weather Service - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Conjugate Points, Crochet, Geomagnetic Elements, Geomagnetic Storm, Gradual Commencement, H-component of the Geomagnetic Field, Magnetic Bay, Magnetosphere, NWD, Sudden Commencement (SC), Sudden Impulse (SI+ or SI-)

Geomagnetic Storm - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Weather

In solar-terrestraial terms, a worldwide disturbance of the earth's magnetic field, distinct from regular diurnal variations.

Minor Geomagnetic Storm: A storm for which the Ap index was greater than 29 and less than 50.

Major Geomagnetic Storm: A storm for which the Ap index was greater than 49 and less than 100.

Severe Geomagnetic Storm: A storm for which the Ap index was 100 or more.

Initial Phase: Of a geomagnetic storm, that period when there may be an increase of the middle-latitude horizontal intensity (H).

Main Phase: Of a geomagnetic storm, that period when the hori- zontal magnetic field at middle latitudes is generally decreasing.

Recovery Phase: Of a geomagnetic storm, that period when the depressed northward field component returns to normal levels.

NOAA National Weather Service - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Conjugate Points, Crochet, Geomagnetic Elements, Geomagnetic Field, Gradual Commencement, H-component of the Geomagnetic Field, Magnetic Bay, Magnetosphere, NWD, Sudden Commencement (SC), Sudden Impulse (SI+ or SI-)

geometric optics - permalink - collapse

All > Technology > Telecommunications

The branch of optics that describes light propagation in terms of rays. Note 1: Rays are bent at the interface between two dissimilar media, and may be curved in a medium in which the refractive index is a function of position. Note 2: The ray in geometric optics is perpendicular to the wavefront in physical optics. Synonym ray optics.
ATIS - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: angle of deviation, axial ray, boresight, light valve, paraxial ray, physical optics, ray optics

Geological study of the configuration, characteristics, origin, and evolution of land forms and earth features.

Bureau of Reclamation - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: biology, ichthyology, Limnological conditions, Limnology, Paleo-, Plot

Geophysical Events - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Weather

In solar-terrestrial terms, flares (Importance two or larger) with Centimetric Outbursts (maximum of the flux higher than the Quiet Sun flux, duration longer 10 minutes) and/or strong SID. Sometimes these flares are followed by Geomagnetic Storms or small PCA. (Class M Flares)
NOAA National Weather Service - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Active, ACTV, Chromospheric Events, Eruptive, High Energy Event, Polar Cap Absorption (PCA), proton, Quiet, Radio Event, Short Wave Fade (SWF), sudden ionospheric disturbance (SID)

Geophysics - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Water

Refers to the physics of the earth, e.g., seismology, oceanography, volcanology, geomagnetism, etc.

Bureau of Reclamation - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Cartography, Epicenter, Geology, Mantle, Rock excavation, Seismic, Soil, Subbase, Subgrade surface, Tectonics, Watershed (drainage area)

All > Science > Weather

In hydrologic terms, the study of the physical characteristics and properties of the earth; including geodesy, seismology, meteorology, oceanography, atmospheric electricity, terrestrial magnetism, and tidal phenomena.
NOAA National Weather Service - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Gamma, Gauss, Nanotesla (nT)

Geopotential Height - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Weather

The height above sea level of a pressure level. For example, if a station reports that the 500 mb height at its location is 5600 m, it means that the level of the atmosphere over that station at which the atmospheric pressure is 500 mb is 5600 meters above sea level. This is an estimated height based on temperature and pressure data.
NOAA National Weather Service - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Altimeter Setting, Constant Pressure Chart, COR, Growler, Height, Isobaric Chart, Sea-level pressure, Surface Weather Chart

georeferenced statistics - permalink - collapse

All > Medicine > Cancer > Cancer Statistics

Statistics reported by geographic location of the events (e.g., residence of the cancer case)
NCI: National Cancer Institute - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: delay adjusted rate, incidence, mortality, reporting delay

George - permalink - collapse

All > Recreation > Games > Roulette

A good tipper.
Online Casinos - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Grifter, Power of the Pen, Scam

All > Technology > E-mail

A good tipper.
Dewtronics - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Tom

Geosphere - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Climate Change

The soils, sediments, and rock layers of the Earth's crust, both continental and beneath the ocean floors.
EPA - Cite This Source - This Definition
The soils, sediments, and rock layers of the Earth's crust, both continental and beneath the ocean floors.
EPA - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: benthic foraminifera, diatom, Marine climate, ostracod, planktonic foraminifera, tephra, terrigenous, upwelling, varve

geostationary orbit - permalink - collapse

All > Technology > Telecommunications

A circular orbit in the equatorial plane, any point on which revolves about the Earth in the same direction and with the same period as the Earth's rotation. Note: An object in a geostationary orbit will remain directly above a fixed point on the equator at a distance of approximately 42,164 km from the center of the Earth, i.e., approximately 35,786 km above mean sea level.

Classification Orbital Altitude (km above the earth)

LEO 500-2,000

MEO 8,000-20,000

Geostationary Orbit 35,786

ATIS - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: apogee, direct orbit, ephemeris, equatorial orbit, geostationary satellite, geostationary satellite orbit, geosynchronous orbit, inclination of an orbit (of an Earth satellite), inclined orbit, LEO, low Earth orbit, orbit determination, perigee, polar orbit, Retrograde Orbit, space tracking, stationary satellite, synchronous orbit

Classification	Orbital Altitude (km above the earth)
LEO	500-2,000
MEO	8,000-20,000
Geostationary Orbit	35,786

Geo-stationary Orbit (GSO) - permalink - collapse

All > Technology > Defense

An orbit 35,784 km above the equator. A satellite placed in such an orbit revolves around the earth once per day, maintaining the same position relative to the surface of the earth. It appears to be stationary, and is useful as a communications relay or as a surveillance post.
DoD Missile Defense Agency - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: GEO, Geostationary Orbit (GSO), GSO

Geostationary Orbit (GSO) - permalink - collapse

All > Technology > Defense

An orbit 35,784 km above the equator. A satellite placed in such an orbit revolves around the earth once per day, maintaining the same position relative to the surface of the earth. It appears to be stationary, and is useful as a communications relay or as a surveillance post.
DoD Ballistic Missile Defense Glossary v3.0 - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: GEO, Geo-stationary Orbit (GSO), GSO

geostationary satellite - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Weather

A satellite that rotates at the same rate as the earth, remaining over the same spot above the equator.
NOAA National Weather Service - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: AVHRR, Geosynchronous, GOES, MOBY, Polar Orbiting Satellite, SATL, STLT

All > Technology > Telecommunications

A geosynchronous satellite whose circular and direct orbit lies in the plane of the Earth's equator and which thus remains fixed relative to the Earth; by extension, a satellite that remains approximately fixed relative to the Earth. [NTIA] [RR] [47CFR]
ATIS - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: apogee, direct orbit, ephemeris, equatorial orbit, geostationary orbit, geostationary satellite orbit, geosynchronous orbit, inclination of an orbit (of an Earth satellite), inclined orbit, LEO, low Earth orbit, orbit determination, perigee, polar orbit, Retrograde Orbit, space tracking, stationary satellite, synchronous orbit

geostationary satellite orbit - permalink - collapse

All > Technology > Telecommunications

The orbit in which a satellite must be placed to be a geostationary satellite. [NTIA] [RR]
ATIS - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: apogee, direct orbit, ephemeris, equatorial orbit, geostationary orbit, geostationary satellite, geosynchronous orbit, inclination of an orbit (of an Earth satellite), inclined orbit, LEO, low Earth orbit, orbit determination, perigee, polar orbit, Retrograde Orbit, space tracking, stationary satellite, synchronous orbit

Geostrophic wind - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Climate Change

Geostrophic wind Theoretical wind which results from the equilibrium between horizontal components of the pressure gradient force and the Coriolis force (deviating force) above the friction layer. Only these two forces (no frictional force) are supposed to act on the moving air. It blows parallel to straight isobars or contours.
NSIDC - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Atmospheric pressure, Gradient wind, Isobar, Jet stream, Katabatic wind, Steering flow

All > Science > Weather

A wind that is affected by coriolis force, blows parallel to isobars and whose strength is related to the pressure gradient (i.e., spacing of the isobars).
NOAA National Weather Service - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: BD, Blowing Snow, Blowing Snow Advisory, BN, FLG, Gap Winds, Nor\'easter, Set-up, trade winds, Wasatch Wind, Westerlies

Geosynchronous - permalink - collapse

All > Science > Weather

Term applied to any equatorial satellite with an orbital velocity equal to the rotational velocity of the earth. The net effect is that the satellite is virtually motionless with respect to an observer on the ground
NOAA National Weather Service - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: AVHRR, geostationary satellite, GOES, MOBY, Polar Orbiting Satellite, SATL, STLT