Definitions beginning with M

(MY-eh-loyd) Having to do with or resembling the bone marrow. May also refer to certain types of hematopoietic (blood-forming) cells found in the bone marrow. Sometimes used as a synonym for myelogenous; for example, acute myeloid leukemia and acute myelogenous leukemia are the same disease.
National Cancer Institute - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Acute, acute myeloblastic leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, AML, ANLL, chloroma, granulocytic sarcoma, myelogenous

Precursors to the other lines of blood cells: erythrocytes, granulocytes, monocytes, and platelets. The second-generation cells are still pluripotent but their developmental potency is limited because neither can form an offspring of the other type.
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Browse Related Terms: granulocyte, Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA), Immune system cells, leukocyte, Leukocyte common antigen, Leukocyte (White Blood Cell), macrophage, monocyte, Mononucleocyte, Oligopotent progenitor cells, White blood cell (WBC)

(MY-eh-loh-muh-TOH-sis) A type of cancer that begins in plasma cells (white blood cells that produce antibodies). Also called Kahler disease, multiple myeloma, and plasma cell myeloma.
National Cancer Institute - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: Bence Jones protein, Kahler disease, multiple myeloma, multiplicity, myeloma, plasma, plasma cell, plasma cell myeloma, plasmacytic, plasmacytoma, smoldering myeloma

(MY-eh-loh-pruh-LIH-feh-RUH-tiv dis-OR-der) A group of slow growing blood cancers, including chronic myelogenous leukemia, in which large numbers of abnormal red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets grow and spread in the bone marrow and the peripheral blood.
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Browse Related Terms: acute leukemia, chronic, chronic eosinophilic leukemia, chronic granulocytic leukemia, chronic leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, chronic neutrophilic leukemia, chronic pain, cirrhosis, CML, CMML, Leukemia, myelomonocyte

(MY-eh-loh-skleh-ROH-sis ... MY-eh-loyd meh-tuh-PLAY-zhuh) A progressive, chronic disease in which the bone marrow is replaced by fibrous tissue and blood is made in organs such as the liver and the spleen, instead of in the bone marrow. This disease is marked by an enlarged spleen and progressive anemia. Also called agnogenic myeloid metaplasia, chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis, idiopathic myelofibrosis, and primary myelofibrosis.
National Cancer Institute - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: agnogenic myeloid metaplasia, chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis, idiopathic myelofibrosis, myelofibrosis, primary myelofibrosis

(MY-eh-loh-suh-PREH-shun) A condition in which bone marrow activity is decreased, resulting in fewer red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Myelosuppression is a side effect of some cancer treatments. When myelosuppression is severe, it is called myeloablation.
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Browse Related Terms: CMV, cytomegalovirus, immunosuppression, myeloablation, osteomyelitis, severe myelosuppression

(MY-loh-sar) A drug that is used to treat myelodysplastic syndromes and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites. Also called azacitidine and Vidaza.
National Cancer Institute - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: azacitidine, S-1, trimetrexate glucuronate, Vidaza

(MY-loh-targ) A monoclonal antibody combined with a toxic substance that is used to treat certain types of acute myeloid leukemia in older patients and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Mylotarg is a type of antibody-drug conjugate. Also called gemtuzumab and gemtuzumab ozogamicin.
National Cancer Institute - Cite This Source - This Definition
Browse Related Terms: cBR96-doxorubicin immunoconjugate, gemtuzumab, gemtuzumab ozogamicin, SGN-15