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A vehicle that combines new engine, power, or drivetrain systems to significantly improve fuel economy. This includes hybrid power systems and fuel cells, as well as some specialized electric vehicles.
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A dedicated, flexible fuel, or dual-fuel vehicle designed to operate on at least one alternative fuel.
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The Energy Policy Act of 1992 defines an alternative fuel as:
- Biodiesel (B100)
- Natural gas and liquid fuels domestically produced from natural gas
- Propane (liquefied petroleum gas)
- Electricity
- Hydrogen
- Blends of 85% or more of methanol, denatured ethanol, and other alcohols with gasoline or other fuels
- Methanol, denatured ethanol, and other alcohols
- Coal-derived, domestically produced liquid fuels
- Fuels (other than alcohol) derived from biological materials
- P-Series fuels
- Anaerobic Digestion
- Anaerobic digestion is series of processes in which microorganisms break down biodegradable material in the absence of oxygen.
- Browse Related Terms: Alternative Fuels, Biochemical, Biochemical Conversion, Biomass, Electricity, Feedstocks, Gasoline Gallon Equivalent (GGE), Negative Energy Balance, Positive Energy Balance, Tallow, Thermochemical, Yellow Grease
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A nonprofit organization that develops and delivers international standards. ASTM standards, test methods, specifications, and procedures are recognized as definitive guidelines for fuel quality.
- Browse Related Terms: American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) International, Autoignition Temperature, Cetane Number, Electric Grid, Energy Policy Act of 1992, flash point, Higher Heating Value (HHV), Kilowatt Hours, Legacy Chargers, Lower heating value (LHV), Renewable Fuels Standard, Selective catalytic reduction (SCR)
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The lowest temperature at which a flammable gas vapor will ignite spontaneously, without a source of ignition, after several minutes of exposure to sources of heat.
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Chemical reactions in living organisms.
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Using enzymes and catalysts to change biological substances chemically to produce energy products. An example is digestion of organic wastes or sewage by microorganisms to produce methane.
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Plant matter such as trees, grasses, agricultural residue, algae, and other biological material.
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A fuel dispenser that draws fuel from two separate storage tanks and can dispense preprogrammed blends of those two fuels.
- Browse Related Terms: Blender Pump, Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, E85, Flow Improvers, Higher Lubricity, Incremental Price, Internal Combustion Engine, Oxygenate, Oxygenated Fuels
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Cetane number relates to the fuels susceptibility to self-ignite. The higher the cetane number, the greater the fuel's tendency to self-ignite.
- Browse Related Terms: American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) International, Autoignition Temperature, Cetane Number, Electric Grid, Energy Policy Act of 1992, flash point, Higher Heating Value (HHV), Kilowatt Hours, Legacy Chargers, Lower heating value (LHV), Renewable Fuels Standard, Selective catalytic reduction (SCR)
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Amendments to the Clean Air Act of 1970 creating two gasoline standards to reduce vehicle emissions in highly polluted cities by requiring gasoline to contain cleaner-burning additives, such as ethanol.
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A high-level gasoline-ethanol blend containing 51% to 83% ethanol, depending on geography and season.
- Browse Related Terms: Blender Pump, Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, E85, Flow Improvers, Higher Lubricity, Incremental Price, Internal Combustion Engine, Oxygenate, Oxygenated Fuels
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An interconnected system that maintains an instantaneous balance between supply and demand (generation and load) while moving electricity from generation source to customer.
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Electric current used as a power source. Electricity can be produced from a variety of feedstocks, including oil, coal, nuclear, hydro, natural gas, wind, and solar.
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Equipment used in diesel-powered vehicles to reduce exhaust emissions, such as particulate matter and nitrogen oxides. New engines and vehicles can be designed with these technologies, and used engines can be retrofitted to use this equipment.
- Browse Related Terms: Advanced Technology Vehicles, Alternative Fuel Vehicles, Emission Control Technologies, Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR), Passenger-Miles per Gallon, Pump Octane Number, Regenerative Braking, Tailpipe Emissions, Technical Response Service, Vehicle Categories, Vehicle Weight Class
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Passed by Congress to enhance U.S. energy security by requiring federal, state, and alternative fuel provider fleets to implement petroleum-reduction measures. Learn more about EPAct Transportation Regulatory Activities.
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Any material converted to another form of fuel or energy product. An example is using cornstarch to produce ethanol.
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The minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off vapor within a test vessel in sufficient concentration to form an ignitable mixture with air near the surface of the liquid.
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A chemical used in fuel to reduce friction and increase performance.
- Browse Related Terms: Blender Pump, Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, E85, Flow Improvers, Higher Lubricity, Incremental Price, Internal Combustion Engine, Oxygenate, Oxygenated Fuels
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The amount of fuel it takes to equal the energy content of one liquid gallon of gasoline.
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