Chronic Complications

Associated with the duration of the disease, the lack of metabolic control of blood glucose, and other factors which result in tissue damage and have a long term impact on driving capability. The main chronic complications of diabetes mellitus are: (1) Visual Impairments: blurred vision, cataracts, glaucoma, maculopathy (macular edema), diabetic retinopathy. (2) Diabetic Nephropathy: progressive kidney dysfunction causing muscular weakness and fatigue leading to dialysis. (3) Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Peripheral Diseases: narrowing of arteries causing decreased blood flow to the heart, brain, and legs. (4) Neuropathy: a disorder of the nervous system (autonomic and peripheral) which impairs sensation or movement in the feet, legs, or hands.