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Reducing the temperature of natural gas to -259 degrees Fahrenheit at atmospheric pressure will convert the gas into a liquid, with a volume about 1/600 compared to its volume as a gas.
- Browse Related Terms: British thermal unit (Btu), Cooling degree days (CDD), Gas turbine, Heating degree days (HDD), Injection season, Liquefied natural gas (LNG), Natural Gas, Sendout, Winter heating season
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The total amount of power carried by an electric system at a point in time. Often used synonymously with “demand.”
- Browse Related Terms: Balancing, baseline, Baseload, Capacity, Capacity markets, load, Load Factor, Peak load, peak demand, Real-time pricing, Time-of-use pricing
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The process of managing demand requirements in order to achieve a desired load pattern. Load control devices are installed on customers' appliances or services to reduce the electric system's demand when a peak situation is about to occur. Examples of load control devices would include controls on air conditioner compressors, hot water heaters and dual-fuel heaters.
- Browse Related Terms: Demand elasticity, Demand responsiveness/demand response, Load control, Load shedding, On-Peak, Pivotal supplier, Reserve margin, Rolling blackouts, Volumetric risk
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A measure of natural gas pipeline utilization equal to average gas flows over a given time divided by an assumed maximum or peak flow.
- Browse Related Terms: Balancing, baseline, Baseload, Capacity, Capacity markets, load, Load Factor, Peak load, peak demand, Real-time pricing, Time-of-use pricing
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An area often dependent on transmission for reliable electric system operation because the area’s load often exceeds the generation in the area.
- Browse Related Terms: Ancillary services, Automatic generation control, availability, Baseload Unit, Capacity factor, Control area, Financial liquidity, Fuel-adjustment clause, Installed capacity, Load pocket, Mothballed capacity, Peaking capacity, Plant factor, Ramp rate, Reliability must run (RMR), Retail unbundling, Voltage reduction, Wholesale electricity markets
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The reduction of system demands by systematically and in a predetermined sequence interrupting the load flow to major customers and/or distribution circuits, normally in response to system or area capacity shortages or voltage control considerations.
- Browse Related Terms: Demand elasticity, Demand responsiveness/demand response, Load control, Load shedding, On-Peak, Pivotal supplier, Reserve margin, Rolling blackouts, Volumetric risk
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Any entity, including a load aggregator or power marketer, that serves end-users within a control area and has been granted the authority or has an obligation pursuant to state or local law, regulation, or franchise to sell electric energy to end-users located within the control area.
- Browse Related Terms: Capacity margin, congestion, Critical notices, Curtailable load, First Contingency Reliability Criteria, Independent system operator (ISO), Interruptible or nonfirm transportation, Intertie, Load-serving entity (LSE), Loop flow, Marginal electric generating unit, Native load, Operating reserves, Outage, Regional Transmission Organization (RTO), Transmission loading relief (TLR)
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Any firm, other than a natural gas pipeline, engaged in the transportation or local distribution of natural gas and its sale to customers that will consume the gas.
- Browse Related Terms: Automated mitigation procedure, City Gate, Congestion costs, Electric utilities, Firm transportation, Local distribution company (LDC), Locational installed capacity, North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC), open access, Peakshaving LNG facility, Transmission, Usage charge
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Installed capacity in a specific location (e.g., New York City), rather than in a broader area (e.g., anywhere in New York State).
- Browse Related Terms: Automated mitigation procedure, City Gate, Congestion costs, Electric utilities, Firm transportation, Local distribution company (LDC), Locational installed capacity, North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC), open access, Peakshaving LNG facility, Transmission, Usage charge
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The market-clearing price for electricity at the location the energy is delivered or received.
- Browse Related Terms: 12-month strip, Arbitrage, Delivery Point(s), Financial transmission right, Forward price curve, Futures market, Henry Hub, Locational marginal price, long, Mark-to-market, Physical basis, Reference price, Short position, Spark spread, Uplift, West Texas Intermediate (WTI)
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- Possessing a futures contract to establish a market position;
- A market position that obligates the holder to take delivery;
- Owning an inventory of commodities.
- Browse Related Terms: 12-month strip, Arbitrage, Delivery Point(s), Financial transmission right, Forward price curve, Futures market, Henry Hub, Locational marginal price, long, Mark-to-market, Physical basis, Reference price, Short position, Spark spread, Uplift, West Texas Intermediate (WTI)
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Unintended or unscheduled flow of electricity through a line or system.
- Browse Related Terms: Capacity margin, congestion, Critical notices, Curtailable load, First Contingency Reliability Criteria, Independent system operator (ISO), Interruptible or nonfirm transportation, Intertie, Load-serving entity (LSE), Loop flow, Marginal electric generating unit, Native load, Operating reserves, Outage, Regional Transmission Organization (RTO), Transmission loading relief (TLR)
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Energy (kilowatt-hours) and power (kilowatts) lost in the operation of an electric system, principally as waste heat in electrical conductors and apparatus such as transformers.
- Browse Related Terms: Demand, Gigawatt (GW), Kilowatt (kW), Kilowatthour (kWh), Losses, Megawatt (MW), Megawatthour (MWh), Off-Peak, Tolling agreement, Watt (W), Watthour (Wh)