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Abbreviation for guanine.
- Browse Related Terms: A, ACP, AI, ASA, BOD, Bt, C, CBD, ccc DNA, cM, cpDNA, EDV, F1, g, GDP, GLP, GRAS, GUS, Hup+, log phase, LPS, MAS, messenger RNA, monocot, mtDNA, NFT, OLA, OPU, ORF, PEG, PG, Phage, PHB, PPM, PR protein, PWP, RH, RIA, RIP, RNAase, RNase, RuBP, SC, SCA, SCE, SCP, simple sequence repeat, SNP, sperm, ssDNA, T, U, VSG
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The 5'-terminal methylated guanine nucleoside that is present on many eukaryotic mRNA s. It is joined to the mRNA, via a 5'?5' phosphodiester bond, after transcription. See: cap site.
- Browse Related Terms: aflatoxins, alternative mRNA splicing, cap site, complementarity, G cap, Heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA), in vitro transcription, methylation, polyadenylation, polycistronic, primary transcript, repression, repressor, sigma factor, Small nuclear RNA (snRNA), transcript
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Proteins found on the inner surface of the plasma membrane, which bind to the guanine nucleotides, GTP and GDP. They transmit signals from outside the membrane, via trans-membrane (G-protein -coupled) receptors, to adenylate cyclase, which catalyses the formation of the second messenger, cyclic AMP, inside the cell
- Browse Related Terms: bacteriocin, casein, chimeric protein, Chloramphenicol, cytochrome p450, delta endotoxins, ecdysone, enterotoxin, Enzymes, G protein, G-protein coupled receptor, heterologous protein, homodimer, homomultimer, hypervariable segment, isoform, metallothionein, multimer, mycoprotein, native protein, primosome, recA, ribosome-inactivating protein, SOS response, supercoiled plasmid, tubulin, ubiquitin
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See: G protein.
- Browse Related Terms: bacteriocin, casein, chimeric protein, Chloramphenicol, cytochrome p450, delta endotoxins, ecdysone, enterotoxin, Enzymes, G protein, G-protein coupled receptor, heterologous protein, homodimer, homomultimer, hypervariable segment, isoform, metallothionein, multimer, mycoprotein, native protein, primosome, recA, ribosome-inactivating protein, SOS response, supercoiled plasmid, tubulin, ubiquitin
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A gum in which the structural chain is made up of D-mannose units with 1?4 linkages. The ratio of galactose to mannose is 1:2.
- Browse Related Terms: amylose, disaccharide, galactomannan, isomer, lactose, monomer, oligomer, oligosaccharide, polymer, polymerization, polypeptide, polysaccharide
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A tumorous growth in plants. See: crown gall.
- Browse Related Terms: Agrobacterium, Agrobacterium rhizogenes, Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, binary vector system, crown gall, gall, opine, Ri plasmid, T-DNA, Ti (tumor-inducing) plasmid, Ti plasmid
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A haploid sex cell, egg or sperm, that contains a single copy of each chromosome.
A mature reproductive cell which is capable of fusing with a cell of similar origin but of opposite sex to form a zygote from which a new organism can develop. Gametes normally have a haploid chromosome content. In animals, a gamete is a sperm or egg; in plants, it is pollen, spermatic nucleus, or ovum.
- Browse Related Terms: amphimixis, Diploid, fertilization, Gamete, isogamy, Life cycle, pro-nucleus, pronucleus, sexual reproduction, sterility, synkaryon, zygospore, Zygote
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Storage of ova, sperm or fertilized embryos outside their original source. Almost invariably this means cryopreservation.
- Browse Related Terms: allogamy, embryo rescue, Fertilizer, gamete and embryo storage, in vitro embryo production, in vitro maturation, micropyle, multiple ovulation and embryo transfer, parthenocarpy, sib-mating, sperm sexing, syngamy, test-tube fertilization
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In relation to any two loci, the occurrence of haplotypes (gametes) at a frequency other than that predicted from the product of the respective allele frequencies. Opposite: gametic (phase) equilibrium.
- Browse Related Terms: asexual, asexual reproduction, gametic (phase) disequilibrium, gametic (phase) equilibrium, gametogenesis, gametophytic incompatibility, linkage disequilibrium, linkage equilibrium, maturation, meiotic product, oosphere, ovum, quadruplex, reduction division, tautomerism
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In relation to any two loci, the occurrence of haplotypes (gametes) at a frequency equal to the product of the frequency of the two relevant alleles . For example, A and B are in gametic equilibrium if the frequency of AiBi gametes equals the product of the frequencies of alleles Ai and Bi. Opposite: gametic (phase) disequilibrium.
- Browse Related Terms: asexual, asexual reproduction, gametic (phase) disequilibrium, gametic (phase) equilibrium, gametogenesis, gametophytic incompatibility, linkage disequilibrium, linkage equilibrium, maturation, meiotic product, oosphere, ovum, quadruplex, reduction division, tautomerism
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A plant regenerated from a tissue culture originating from gametic tissue.
- Browse Related Terms: axillary bud proliferation, contained use, Cutting, embryoid, gametoclone, Magenta, micropropagation, microtuber, propagation, protoclone, protoplast culture, protoplast fusion, regeneration, somaclonal variation
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The process of the formation of gametes.
- Browse Related Terms: asexual, asexual reproduction, gametic (phase) disequilibrium, gametic (phase) equilibrium, gametogenesis, gametophytic incompatibility, linkage disequilibrium, linkage equilibrium, maturation, meiotic product, oosphere, ovum, quadruplex, reduction division, tautomerism
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The phase of the plant life cycle that carries the gamete producing organs. In flowering plants, the pollen grain is the male gametophyte and the embryo sac is the female gametophyte.
- Browse Related Terms: anther, anthesis, cross pollination, cytoplasmic male sterility, dehiscence, double fertilization, gametophyte, generative nucleus, microgametophyte, microspore, pollen culture, pollen grain, pollination, SEED, self-incompatibility, Self-pollination, sporangium, stigma, style, xenia
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A phenomenon in plants, in which a pollen grain is genetically incapable of fertilizing a particular egg, because both gametes carry the identical allele at an incompatibility locus (usually denoted S). This is a mechanism for forcing crossfertilization.
- Browse Related Terms: asexual, asexual reproduction, gametic (phase) disequilibrium, gametic (phase) equilibrium, gametogenesis, gametophytic incompatibility, linkage disequilibrium, linkage equilibrium, maturation, meiotic product, oosphere, ovum, quadruplex, reduction division, tautomerism
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A missing section on one of the strands of double-stranded DNA. The DNA will therefore have a single-stranded region.
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A double-stranded DNA molecule with one or more internal single-stranded regions.
- Browse Related Terms: antiparallel orientation, antisense DNA, blunt end, blunt-end ligation, chromatin fibre, cos ends, DNA helicase, dscDNA, dsDNA, duplex DNA, gap, gapped DNA, heteroduplex, homoduplex DNA, ligate, ligation, M13, M13 strand, nick, non-template strand, Palindromic sequence, provirus, replication fork, S1 mapping, single-strand DNA binding protein, staggered cuts, template strand, Virus
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The rate at which gases are transferred from gas into solution, an important parameter in fermentation systems because it controls the rate at which the organism can metabolize. Efficient gas transfer can be achieved in several ways, including the use of small bubbles, from which gas dissolves faster than from larger ones, due to their larger surface area per unit of volume; or spreading the liquid out, for example in a thin sheet, or in a thin permeable tube, as in hollow fibre bioreactor.
- Browse Related Terms: amniotic fluid, autoclave, Biofuel, biomass concentration, encapsulating agents, exude, filtration, fog, gas transfer, imbibition, infiltrate, liquid membrane, liquid nitrogen, micro-injection, nucleoplasm, pinocytosis, pipette, Supernatant, volatilization, w/v, wetting agent
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An early animal embryo consisting of two layers of cells; an embryological stage following the blastula.
- Browse Related Terms: artificial inembryonation, blastomere, Blastula, embryo multiplication and transfer, embryo splitting, embryo storage, factorial mating, foetus, gastrula, germ layer, inembryonation, mesoderm, nuclear transfer
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A segment of double-stranded DNA that is rich in GC base pairs. This type of sequence is characteristic of eukaryotic genomic regions with a high gene content.
- Browse Related Terms: anonymous DNA marker, autonomous, GC island, gene addition, Genomics, Intergenic regions, orphan receptor, recombinant DNA, repetitive DNA, shotgun genome sequencing, single copy, temperature-sensitive protein
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Abbreviation for guanosine 5'-diphosphate.
- Browse Related Terms: A, ACP, AI, ASA, BOD, Bt, C, CBD, ccc DNA, cM, cpDNA, EDV, F1, g, GDP, GLP, GRAS, GUS, Hup+, log phase, LPS, MAS, messenger RNA, monocot, mtDNA, NFT, OLA, OPU, ORF, PEG, PG, Phage, PHB, PPM, PR protein, PWP, RH, RIA, RIP, RNAase, RNase, RuBP, SC, SCA, SCE, SCP, simple sequence repeat, SNP, sperm, ssDNA, T, U, VSG
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