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Denotes the longer of the two chromosome arms, e.g. human 10q is the long arm of human chromosome 10.
- Browse Related Terms: double crossing-over, isochromosome, metacentric chromosome, p, q, sister chromatid exchange
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A viral RNA polymerase secreted by a bacteriophage that infects E. coli. It has the property of being able to copy RNA sequences at a rapid rate.
- Browse Related Terms: lipofection, q-beta replicase, restriction exonuclease, reverse transcription, Ribose, RNA polymerase, S phase, self-replicating elements, Transcription
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Abbreviation for quantitative structure-activity relationship.
- Browse Related Terms: Cap, CRP, PAR, photosynthetically active radiation, PPF, QSAR, QTL, quantitative structure-activity relationship
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Abbreviation for quantitative trait locus.
- Browse Related Terms: Cap, CRP, PAR, photosynthetically active radiation, PPF, QSAR, QTL, quantitative structure-activity relationship
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A chromosome configuration visible in late prophase and metaphase of the first meiotic division, where four chromosome s are linked by chiasmata. Can occur in autotetraploids when four homologous chromosomes pair, or in diploids as a result of heterozygosity for a reciprocal translocation between two non-homologous chromosomes.
- Browse Related Terms: asynapsis, bivalent, chiasma, diplotene, meiotic analysis, pachynema, pairing, quadrivalent, recombination, Synapsis, synaptonemal complex, terminalization, unequal crossing over, zygonema
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The inheritance of alleles in autotetraploids. A genotype AAAa will produce gametes AA, Aa in the ratio 3:1.
- Browse Related Terms: asexual, asexual reproduction, gametic (phase) disequilibrium, gametic (phase) equilibrium, gametogenesis, gametophytic incompatibility, linkage disequilibrium, linkage equilibrium, maturation, meiotic product, oosphere, ovum, quadruplex, reduction division, tautomerism
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A trait that shows discontinuous variation - i.e. individuals can be assigned to one of a small number of discrete classes.
- Browse Related Terms: continuous variation, discontinuous variation, Dominant, Phenotype, progeny testing, qualitative trait, quantitative trait
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The area of genetics concerned with the inheritance of quantitative traits that show continuous variation, as opposed to qualitative trait s. Since many of the critical targets in both plant and animal breeding are of this type, most practical improvement programs involve the application of quantitative genetics.
- Browse Related Terms: acquired, Adaptation, broad-sense heritability, callipyge, chromosomal aberration, co-segregation, Evolution, Green revolution, heritability, management of farm animal genetic resources, natural selection, oncogenesis, phenocopy, quantitative genetics, syndrome, trait
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Inheritance of measurable traits that depend on the cumulative action of many genes and/or involve a significant proportion of non-genetic determination.
- Browse Related Terms: character, concordance, economic trait locus, ETL, genetic distance, genetic distancing, genetic relatedness, Genetics, Genotype, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, marker-assisted selection, monomorphic, penetrance, pleiotropy, polygene, Polymorphisms, quantitative inheritance, selection coefficient
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(Abbreviation QSAR). A computer modelling technique that enables the prediction of the likely activity of a molecule before it is synthesized. QSAR analysis relies on recognizing associations of molecular structures and activity from historical data.
- Browse Related Terms: Cap, CRP, PAR, photosynthetically active radiation, PPF, QSAR, QTL, quantitative structure-activity relationship
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A measurable trait that shows continuous variation (e.g. height, weight, colour intensity, etc.) - i.e. the population cannot be classified into a few discrete classes.
- Browse Related Terms: continuous variation, discontinuous variation, Dominant, Phenotype, progeny testing, qualitative trait, quantitative trait
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(Abbreviation: QTL). A locus where is associated with variation in a quantitative trait. The presence of a QTL is inferred from genetic mapping, where the total variation is partitioned into components linked to a number of discrete chromosome regions.
- Browse Related Terms: anchor gene, centiMorgan, Contiguous (contig) map, gene mapping, Genetic linkage map, genetic map, genetic mapping, linkage map, map, map distance, map unit, mapping, mapping function, physical map, quantitative trait locus, radiation hybrid cell panel, recombination fraction, Sequence tagged site (STS)
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The rapid formation of new species, primarily by genetic drift.
- Browse Related Terms: complementation, drift, eugenics, heterogeneity, landrace, onco-mouse, pure line, quantum speciation, random genetic drift
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Isolation for a period after arrival in a new location, to allow any pre-existing disease symptoms to appear. Used in the context of regulations restricting the sale or shipment of living organisms, usually to prevent disease or pest invasion of an area.
- Browse Related Terms: Abiotic, bio-, bio-energetics, Bioconversion, biodiversity, Biomass, biopolymer, Biosphere, Biotechnology, Biotechnology-derived, biotic factor, Biotic stress, catabolism, chemical mutagen, Ecosystem, Endophyte, in vivo, in vivo gene therapy, infection, living modified organism, LMO, metabolism, microtubule, Molecular biology, nitrogen assimilation, parasite, primary cell, quarantine, viability, vitamin, xenobiotic
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A level of protein structure where several individual molecules assemble together and form a functional cluster. A classic example is haemoglobin, a complex of four myoglobin-like units. See: tertiary structure.
- Browse Related Terms: allosteric transition, capsid, coat protein, haptoglobin, hemoglobin, quaternary structure, spliceosome, unencapsidated
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A temporary suspension or reduction in the rate of activity or growth, while retaining the potential to resume prior activity. Applies particularly to cell division. See: dormancy.
- Browse Related Terms: cell generation time, Cloning, derivative, Growth factor, interphase, kinin, micronucleus, mitosis, oocyte, Polyploid, proliferation, quiescent, spermatid, spermatocyte, telophase, tunica