(Sir) Timothy John BernersLee - an English computer scientist and MIT professor credited with inventing the World Wide Web and semantic web.
ABoxUsed to describe statements in ontologies; an assertion; a fact that is associated with a terminological vocabulary within a knowledge base; A-Box…
anonymous classAn unnamed class. When restrictions are used to describe classes, they actually specify anonymous superclasses of the class being described.
asserted hierarchyThe 'manually constructed' class hierarchy in an ontology; as opposed to the inferred hierarchy that is generated by a reasoner.
DAML+OILA successor language to DAML and OIL that combines features of both; it is now âoutdatedâ because it was superseded by Web Ontology Language…
DataTypePropertyRelationship between instance of classes and literal values such as string, number, and date.
defined classA class that has at least one set of necessary and sucient conditions is known as a Defined Class; they have a definition, and any individual that…
Entailment (logical implication)In Semantic Web, one of the key inference ideas; a relationship between two pieces of knowledge where the truth of the first piece of knowledge requires…
functional propertyIf a property is functional, for a given individual, there can be at most one individual that is related to the individual via the property.
IndividualsInstances of classes; properties may be used to relate individuals to each other.
InferenceProcess of deriving a conclusion from premises; in semantic web it is performed by a reasoner software and is used to extract explicit knowledge from…
inferred hierarchyThe class hierarchy constructed by or inferred by a resonaer; as opposed to the asserted hierarchy that is manually created by the author of an ontology.
inverse functional propertyIf a property is inverse functional then it means that the inverse property is functional.
inverse propertyIf some property links individual a to individual b then its inverse property will link individual b to individual a.
literalA string, a number, or a date which directly represents a constant value. 'XYZ123', '1234' and '6/10/57' are examples of a string literal, a numeric…
Model Theoryspecifies the semantics of a formal language; assumes that the language refers to a âworldâ, and describes the minimal conditions that a world…
OntologyAn ontology defines the common words and concepts (meanings) used to describe and represent an area of knowledge, and so standardizes the meanings.
Open World Assumptionpresumption stating that everything we donât know is undefined.
OWL DLOWL-DL is much more expressive than OWL-Lite and is based on Description Logics (hence the suffix DL).
OWL FullOWL-Full is the most expressive OWL sub-language. It is intended to be used in situations where very high expressiveness is more important than being able…
OWL LiteThe syntactically simplest of the three sub-languages of OWL. It is intended to be used in situations where only a simple class hierarchy and simple…
owl:ThingThe class in an OWL ontology that represents the set containing all individuals. All classes in an OWL ontology are subclasses of owl:Thing.
predicateIn Exchange Server 2007, a function that is used as a condition or exception on a transport rule to determine whether an action should be applied to an…
probe classA class that is added to an ontology for the sole purpose of checking the consistency of an ontology.
propertyFor this survey, property means real estate; that is, land and anything permanently affixed to the land, such as buildings and those things attached to…
RDFResource Description Framework. An XML-based language for describing online resources.
ReasonerOne of the main services offered by a reasoner is to test whether or not one class is a subclass of another class.
resourceData, metadata, a collection of data, or a collection of metadata accessed as a content item. Examples: a document, a database table, a content class.
restrictionif two or more independent and distinct inventions are claimed in a single application, the examiner may require the applicant to elect (designate) a…
Semantic WebExtension of the World Wide Web in which the semantics of information and services on the web is defined, making it possible for the web to understand and…
SPARQLSPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language (pronounced âsparkleâ) is an RDF query language much like SQL is a relational DB query language.
StatementA summary of all transactions that occurred over the preceding month and could be associated with a deposit account or a credit card account.
subclassEach asset class - stock, bonds, and cash equivalents, for example - is made up of a number of different groups of investments called subclasses.
SubjectThe Subject of an email message should be a short summary of its contents. Email clients usually display it in a mailbox display together with the sender.
symmetric propertyIf a property P is symmetric, and the property relates individual a to individual b then individual b is also related to individual a via property P.
TaxonomyThe science of categorization, or classification, of things based on a predetermined system.
transitive propertyIf a property is transitive, and the property relates individual a to individual b, and also individual b to individual c, then we can infer that…
TripleA basic RDF statement resembling the English-Language construct of [subject predicate object] that is made up of [Resource property Resource] or [Resource…
Typed LiteralA string combined with a datatype URI in order to express information about the datatype of the literal i.e. weight, length, height.
universal restrictionsUniversal restrictions are given the symbol ∀. They constrain the relationships along a given property to individuals that are members of a specific…
URI (Universal Resource Identifier)URLs are the most familiar type of URI; a URI defines or specifies an entity, without necessarily by naming its location on the Web.
URL (Uniform Resource Locator)The Internet address for a document, file, or other resource. It describes the protocol required to access the resource, the host where it can be found…
value partitionAn ontology design pattern. more definition required
Vocabulary (of a graph)Set of classes and properties which occur as the subject, predicate or object of any triple in an RDF graph.
Web Ontology Language (OWL)Family of knowledge representation languages for authoring ontologies, consisting of three languages: OWL Lite, OWL DL, and OWL Full.