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Used to describe statements in ontologies; an assertion; a fact that is associated with a terminological vocabulary within a knowledge base; A-Box statements are sometimes associated with instances of T-Box classes.
- Browse Related Terms: ABox, anonymous class, asserted hierarchy, CamelBack notation, defined class, inferred hierarchy, OWL DL, OWL-Full, OWL-Lite, owl:Thing, Pellet, probe class, Reasoner, restriction, SHER, T, Web Ontology Language (OWL)
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An unnamed class. When restrictions are used to describe classes, they actually specify anonymous superclasses of the class being described. For example, we could say that MargheritaPizza is a sub-class of, amongst other things, Pizza and also a subclass of the things that have at least one topping that is MozzarellaTopping. The anonymous class contains all of the individuals that satisfy the restriction.
So, while you may not explicitly define an anonymous class in an ontology, a reasoner may represent anonymous classes based on the restrictions that you have given to other classes.
- Browse Related Terms: ABox, anonymous class, asserted hierarchy, CamelBack notation, defined class, inferred hierarchy, OWL DL, OWL-Full, OWL-Lite, owl:Thing, Pellet, probe class, Reasoner, restriction, SHER, T, Web Ontology Language (OWL)
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The 'manually constructed' class hierarchy in an ontology; as opposed to the inferred hierarchy that is generated by a reasoner.
- Browse Related Terms: ABox, anonymous class, asserted hierarchy, CamelBack notation, defined class, inferred hierarchy, OWL DL, OWL-Full, OWL-Lite, owl:Thing, Pellet, probe class, Reasoner, restriction, SHER, T, Web Ontology Language (OWL)
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A resource, or node in an RDF graph, which is not identified by a URI; can be used as subject or object in an RDF triple (RDF statement).
- Browse Related Terms: Blank Node, Ground RDF Graph, literal, N, Object, predicate, RDF Graph, RDF Subgraph, RDF Triple, statement, Subject, Triple, Vocabulary (of a graph)
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A form of notation which specifies that names should start with a capital letter and should not contain spaces. This form of notation is often recommended for the names of classes in an ontology.
- Browse Related Terms: ABox, anonymous class, asserted hierarchy, CamelBack notation, defined class, inferred hierarchy, OWL DL, OWL-Full, OWL-Lite, owl:Thing, Pellet, probe class, Reasoner, restriction, SHER, T, Web Ontology Language (OWL)
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A class, in general, is a representation of a concept. It is an abstract representation of some specific classification of things (hence the name class). The name used to identify a class is the perceptual symbol or word used to denote a concept. In an ontology, a class is more specifically a formal definition of a type of information object that may possess a given set of attributes or properties and specific types of relations to other things. The ontology class is the template for an instance or individual of that type. In other words, the class is the schema or model for information of a given type while an instance of the class is considered to be the actual data.
- Browse Related Terms: class, DataTypeProperty, functional property, Individual, Individuals, inverse functional property, inverse property, ObjectTypeProperty, ontology, Property, subclass, symmetric property, transitive property, universal restrictions
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Presumption stating that the statements we have are the only statements that need be considered. If something is not referenced in our data set, we assume it does not exist.
- Browse Related Terms: axiom, Closed World Assumption, closure axiom, Description Logics (DL), Open World Assumption, open world assumption (a.k.a. open world reasoning), OWL - Web Ontology Language, Taxonomy, value partition
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Relationship between instance of classes and literal values such as string, number, and date.
- Browse Related Terms: class, DataTypeProperty, functional property, Individual, Individuals, inverse functional property, inverse property, ObjectTypeProperty, ontology, Property, subclass, symmetric property, transitive property, universal restrictions
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A class that has at least one set of necessary and sucient conditions is known as a Defined Class; they have a definition, and any individual that satisfies the definition will belong to the class.
- Browse Related Terms: ABox, anonymous class, asserted hierarchy, CamelBack notation, defined class, inferred hierarchy, OWL DL, OWL-Full, OWL-Lite, owl:Thing, Pellet, probe class, Reasoner, restriction, SHER, T, Web Ontology Language (OWL)
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A family of knowledge representation languages which can be used to represent the concept definitions of an application domain in a structured and formally well-understood way. See also OWL Lite, OWL DL and OWL Full.
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- Browse Related Terms: axiom, Closed World Assumption, closure axiom, Description Logics (DL), Open World Assumption, open world assumption (a.k.a. open world reasoning), OWL - Web Ontology Language, Taxonomy, value partition
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In Semantic Web, one of the key inference ideas; a relationship between two pieces of knowledge where the truth of the first piece of knowledge requires the truth of the other.
- Browse Related Terms: (Sir) Timothy John Berners, Entailment (logical implication), Inference, Model Theory, Semantic Web, Typed Literal, URI (Universal Resource Identifier), URL (Uniform Resource Locator), W3C, Web 3.0
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If a property is functional, for a given individual, there can be at most one individual that is related to the individual via the property. Take, for example, a functional property hasBirthMother. Something can only have one birth mother. If we say that the individual Jean hasBirthMother Peggy and we also say that the individual Jean hasBirthMother Margaret, then because hasBirthMother is a functional property, we can infer that Peggy and Margaret must be the same individual. It should be noted however, that if Peggy and Margaret were explicitly stated to be two dierent individuals then the above statements would lead to an inconsistency.
Functional properties are also known as singles valued properties and also features.
Note also that if a property is functional then it cannot also be transitive.
- Browse Related Terms: class, DataTypeProperty, functional property, Individual, Individuals, inverse functional property, inverse property, ObjectTypeProperty, ontology, Property, subclass, symmetric property, transitive property, universal restrictions
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RDF graph with no blank nodes.
- Browse Related Terms: Blank Node, Ground RDF Graph, literal, N, Object, predicate, RDF Graph, RDF Subgraph, RDF Triple, statement, Subject, Triple, Vocabulary (of a graph)
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Hypertext Markup Language; language used to encode formatting, links and other features on Web pages.
- Browse Related Terms: DAML+OIL, HTML, Natural Language Processing (NLP), OWL, SPARQL, Web 1.0, Web 2.0, XML
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An object or instance of a class.
- Browse Related Terms: class, DataTypeProperty, functional property, Individual, Individuals, inverse functional property, inverse property, ObjectTypeProperty, ontology, Property, subclass, symmetric property, transitive property, universal restrictions
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Instances of classes; properties may be used to relate individuals to each other.
- Browse Related Terms: class, DataTypeProperty, functional property, Individual, Individuals, inverse functional property, inverse property, ObjectTypeProperty, ontology, Property, subclass, symmetric property, transitive property, universal restrictions