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That area that would be covered by water during the 100-year flood event.
- Browse Related Terms: 100-year floodplain, Gross heating value (GHV), Head, Higher Heating Value (HHV), Historic floodplain, Moisture Content (MC), Moisture content, dry basis (MCDB), Moisture content, wet basis (MCWB), Net heating value (NHV), Thermal Efficiency, Ultimate analysis
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The area that would be inundated by water during a flood event, having a one-percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in magnitude, in any given year.
- Browse Related Terms: 100-year floodplain, Aquifer-unconfined, Artesian water (artesian pressure), Confined aquifer, Hydraulic gradient, Impoundment (surface), Rebound (of water levels), Recharge, Sole source aquifer, Transmissivity, Unconfined aquifer
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Having an absence of life or living organisms.
- Browse Related Terms: Abiotic, anaerobic digestion, Bioassay, Biochemical conversion process, Bioconcentration, Biological oxidation, Biome, bioremediation, Biotechnology, Biotic, BOD5, Cellulase, Clone, Ecology, Ecosystem, Landfill gas, Methanogen, Organic, Organic level, PCB´s, Watershed
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Non-living or non-biological; includes chemical and physical environments and processes.
- Browse Related Terms: Abiotic, Anthropogenic emissions, Demand-side management, Direct effects, Ecosystem, Effects, Full-time equivalent (FTE), Indirect effects, NatureServe, Noise criteria, Reclamation, Stressors
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- See Alternating current
- Browse Related Terms: AC, Alternating current (AC), Battery, Build-out capacity, Cadmium (Cd), DC, Direct current (DC), DNI, Electrolytes (battery), Gallium (Ga), Inverter, Irradiance, Photovoltaic (PV) cell, Power conditioning system (PCS)
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A measure of earthquake acceleration (i.e., shaking) on the ground surface expressed in g, the acceleration due to the Earth's gravity.
- Browse Related Terms: Acceleration (peak horizontal), Direct Normal Insolation (DNI), Earthquake, Excessive grades, Ground motion (shaking), Peak horizontal acceleration, Planetary boundary layer turbulence structure, Slope stability, Steep slopes, stolon, Surface water, Tsunami
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Gravel or dirt roads (rarely paved) that provide overland access to transmission line and pipeline rights-of-way (ROWs) and facilities for construction, inspection, maintenance, and decommissioning. Access roads have an average distance of 5 mi or less, have a nominal width of 15 ft, and exist within the center of a nominal 25-ft-wide ROW.
- Browse Related Terms: AADT, Access roads, Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT), Climate, Glare, Low-income population, mean, Median household income, Median housing value, Milligauss (mG), Per capita income, Slip rate, Taxonomy
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A feller-buncher shearhead that is capable of accumulating and holding 2 or more cut stems.
- Browse Related Terms: Accumulating shear, Biodegradable, Drainage, environment, heterogeneity, Landscape, Late-successional reserve, Refractory Lining, Riparian Area, Subdrainage, Sustainable
All > Science > Energy > Renewable Energy > Biomass
- An acid with the structure of C2H4O2. Acetyl groups are bound through an ester linkage to hemicellulose chains, especially xylans, in wood and other plants. The natural moisture present in plants hydrolyzes the acetyl groups to acetic acid, particularly at elevated temperatures.
- Browse Related Terms: acetic acid, acid insoluble lignin, alkali lignin, ester, fatty acid, Klason lignin, lignocellulose, mass closure (%), native lignin, structural chemical analysis, total lignin, triglyceride, willstatter lignin, wood
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- A solution that has an excess of hydrogen ions (H+).
- Browse Related Terms: ACID, Acid hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis, amylase, base, Cellulase, galactan, hemicellulose, hexose, hydrolysis, monosaccharide, polymer, polysaccharide, saccharide, saccharification
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A comprehensive term for the various ways acidic compounds precipitate from the atmosphere and deposit onto surfaces. It can include wet deposition by means of acid rain, fog, and snow; and dry deposition of acidic particles (aerosols).
- Browse Related Terms: Acid deposition, Alluvial, Alluvial flats, Alluvial plains, Delta, Excessive slopes, Fluvial, Geotextile mats, Interdune flat, Lacustrine wetland, Land disturbance in natural drainage systems, Overbank deposits, Shear strength, Soil deposition, Unconsolidated (basin fill deposits), Vernal pool
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- Organic matter that is not solubilized after one hour of refluxing in an acid detergent of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide in 1N sulfuric acid. ADF includes cellulose and lignin. This analytical method is commonly used in the feed and fiber industries. (Source: Milne, T.A.; Brennan, A.H.; Glenn, B.H. Sourcebook of Methods of Analysis for Biomass Conversion and Biomass Conversion Processes. SERI/SP-220-3548. Golden, CO: Solar Energy Research Institute, February 1990.)
- Browse Related Terms: acid detergent fiber (ADF), bark, carbohydrate, neutral detergent fiber, Ultimate analysis, uronic acid, volatile matter
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A chemical process in which acid is used to convert cellulose or starch to sugar.
- Browse Related Terms: Acid hydrolysis, Butanol or butyl alcohol, Distillers´ dried grains (DDG), Enzymatic hydrolysis, ethanol, fermentation
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The treatment of cellulosic, starch, or hemicellulosic materials using acid solutions (usually mineral acids) to break down the polysaccharides to simple sugars.
- Browse Related Terms: ACID, Acid hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis, amylase, base, Cellulase, galactan, hemicellulose, hexose, hydrolysis, monosaccharide, polymer, polysaccharide, saccharide, saccharification
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Lignin is mostly insoluble in mineral acids, and therefore can be analyzed gravimetrically after hydrolyzing the cellulose and hemicellulose fractions of the biomass with sulfuric acid. ASTM E-1721-95 describes the standard method for determining acid insoluble lignin in biomass.
- Browse Related Terms: acetic acid, acid insoluble lignin, alkali lignin, ester, fatty acid, Klason lignin, lignocellulose, mass closure (%), native lignin, structural chemical analysis, total lignin, triglyceride, willstatter lignin, wood
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- A small fraction of the lignin in a biomass sample is solubilized during the hydrolysis process of the acid insoluble lignin method. This lignin fraction is referred to as acid soluble lignin and may be quantified by ultraviolet spectroscopy. (Source Ehrman, T. Determination of Acid-Soluble Lignin in Biomass. NREL-LAP-004. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, September 9, 1996.)
- Browse Related Terms: acid soluble lignin, elemental analysis, fixed carbon, Moisture, moisture free basis, NREL, protein, proximate analysis, renewable energy resource, total solids
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A biological wastewater treatment process in which a mixture of waste water and activated sludge is agitated and aerated. The activated sludge is then separated from the treated wastewater by sedimentation and disposed of or returned to the process as needed.
- Browse Related Terms: Activated sludge process, Aeration basin, Cascade aeration, Floodplain, Recirculation, Sedimentation, Turbidity
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Active Management Areas were established in Arizona to provide long-term management and conservation of limited groundwater supplies. In order to accomplish this, the AMAs administer state laws, explore ways of augmenting water supplies to meet future needs, and routinely work to develop public policy to promote efficient use and an equitable allocation of available water supplies.
- Browse Related Terms: Active Management Area (AMA), Adequate Water Supply Program, Areas of Critical Environmental Concern (ACEC), Arizona Water Banking Authority (AWBA), FLPMA, Grandfathered rights, Irrigation Non-Expansion Area (INA), Multiple Use Classes, Multiple use management, Potential Fossil Yield Classification (PFYC), Southwest Regional Gap Analysis Project (SWReGAP), Specially Designated Areas, Wild and Scenic Rivers (WSR) Act
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A volcano that is erupting. Also, a volcano that is not presently erupting, but that has erupted within an historical time and is considered likely to erupt in the future.
- Browse Related Terms: Active volcano, Caldera, Cinder cone, Crater, Eruption, Lava tubes, Maar, Magma, Pyroclastic flow, Pyroclastic surge, Silicic volcanism, tephra, Unrest (episode), Volcanic Ash, Volcanic cone, Volcano
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The actual cubic feet per minute of gas flowing in a process at the temperature and pressure of the process at that point.
- Browse Related Terms: Actual cubic feet per minute (ACFM), Combined-cycle power plant, Combustion Turbine, Condensing power, Condensing turbine, Condensing, controlled extraction turbines, Francis turbine, Mesophilic, Noncondensing, controlled extraction turbine, Saturated steam, Superheated steam, Topping and back pressure turbines, Turbine
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Resulting in immediate impacts; short-term.
- Browse Related Terms: Acute, Adverse environmental impacts, Best Management Practice (BMP), Compensatory mitigation, Contrast level, Design features, Direct impacts, Hedonic statistical framework, Impulsive noise, Just-in-time ordering, Key observation point(s) (KOP), Mitigation, Mitigation measures, PFYC, Region of Influence (ROI), Richter Magnitude Scale, View duration, Visual mitigation
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A continuing process of action-based planning, monitoring, researching, evaluating, and adjusting with the objective of improving implementation and achieving the goals of the selected alternative.
- Browse Related Terms: Adaptive management, Adaptive Management Area (AMA), Bar screen, Desired future condition, Forest Plan, hypothesis, Management area, Management plan, National Forest Management Act (NFMA), Scoping, Standards and guidelines