A weir that is V-shaped, with its apex downward, used to accurately measure small rates of flow.
- Browse Related Terms: Demand scheduling, discharge, Fixed amount-frequency scheduling, Flash Flood, Flow, Long-throated flumes, Parshall Flume (Improved Venturi Flume), Ramp flume, V-notch weir, Viscosity
The locus of points just above the water table where soil pores may either contain air or water. This is also called the zone of aeration.
- Browse Related Terms: Ground water, Perched Groundwater, Phreatic water, Phreatic Zone, Saturated zone, Semipervious zone., Unsaturated zone, Uplift pressure, Vadose Zone, Water table, Zone of Aeration, Zone of saturation
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A device fitted to a pipeline or orifice in which the closure member is either rotated or moved transversely or longitudinally in the waterway to control or stop flow.
A device fitted to a pipeline or orifice in which the closure member is either rotated or moved in some way as to control or stop flow.
A device used to control the flow in a conduit, pipe, or tunnel that permanently obstructs a portion of the waterway. As distinguished from gates, valves are constructed so that the closing member remains in the water passageway for all operating positions. See butterfly valve, fixed cone valve (Howell Bunger valve), Ensign valve, gate valve, hollow-jet valve, needle valve, and tube valve.
- Browse Related Terms: Bonnet, Butterfly valve, Conifers, Fixed cone valve (Howell Bunger valve), Gate valve, Hollow-jet valve, Howell Bunger valve., Needle valve, O-ring, Petcock, Tube valve, Valve
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An in-place shear test in which a rod with thin radial vanes at the end is forced into the soil and the resistance to rotation of the rod is determined.
- Browse Related Terms: Active earth pressure, Adhesion, Angle of external friction (angle of wall friction), Angle of wall friction, Dilatancy, Direct shear test, Friction, Passive earth pressure, Shear strength, Vane shear test, Wall friction
Input costs that change as the nature of the production activity of its circumstances change; for example, as production levels vary.
- Browse Related Terms: Acceptable daily intake (ADI), Appraisal estimate, Benefit-cost ratio (B/C), Certification signature, Checked signature, Contingencies, Feasibility, Feasibility estimate, Improvement, Net economic benefits, Unlisted items, Use value, Variable costs
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The time for concrete to fully consolidate in a Vebe cylinder.
- Browse Related Terms: Cold joint, Freeze-thaw damage, Grout cap, Mass Concrete, Retaining wall, Slab, Tremie, Vebe time, Weep hole, Wing wall
Nonpoint source pollution control practices that involve plants (vegetative cover) to reduce erosion and minimize the loss of pollutants.
- Browse Related Terms: Contour farming, Contour strip farming, Crop rotation, Cropping pattern, Intrusion, Irrigated acreage, On-farm, Sodic soil, Strip cropping, Taproot, Theory, Understory, Vegetative controls
A layer, seam, or narrow irregular body of material different from surrounding formations.
- Browse Related Terms: Abutment Seepage, Angle of internal friction (angle of shear resistance), ASTM, Concentrated flow path, Conveyor, digitizer, Ductility, Factor of safety, Feather, Flail, Nominal size, Ply, Specific Yield, Vein, Water saturation, Windrow
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Rate of flow of water expressed in feet per second or miles per hour. The time rate of displacement of a fluid particle from one point to another. Velocity is a vector quantity that has magnitude and direction.
- Browse Related Terms: Acceleration, Flood severity, Flow line, Flow net, Hydrograph, Laminar Flow, Stream line, Turbulent flow, Velocity
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Areas within the floodplain subject to potential high damage from waves. These sometimes appear on flood insurance rate maps.
- Browse Related Terms: Annualized loss of life, APE, Decomposition, Effective peak ground acceleration, Esthetics, Failure potential assessment, Hazardous materials, Intangible Flood Damage, Job hazard analysis (JHA), Random earthquake, Risk, Uncertainty, Velocity Zones
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A pressure jet that draws in and mixes air.
- Browse Related Terms: Aerate, Air waves, ambient temperature, Prime, Venturi, Water cycle
A device permitting finer measurement or control than standard markings or adjustments.
- Browse Related Terms: Amperage, British thermal units (Btu), Current Meter, Distribution efficiency, Gallon, Hydrometer, Inch-Degrees, Joule, Mil, Nephelometric, Paleoflood hydrology, Permeameter, Pitot Tube, Planimeter, River Gage, River mile (RM), Secchi depth, Seismic intensity, Totalizer (integrator), Vernier
The meeting of different gradients in a road or pipe.
- Browse Related Terms: Annular space, Bailer, Bend, Branch, Butt joint (open joint), Casing, Deflect, Elongate, Fall, Field tile, Flange, Full hydraulic capacity, Gated pipe, Hanger, Haunches (haunch), import, Main, Manifold (Header), nipple, Nominal diameter, P.T, Perforated pipe, Run, Siphon, Siphonage, tile, Vertical curve
All rectangular gates set in vertical guides within which the gate moves vertically in its own plane. The hoist is usually on a runway overhead.
- Browse Related Terms: Fixed Wheel Gate (Fixed Roller Gate, Fixed Axle Gate), Grader, Roller gate, Slide gate, Slide Gate (Sluice Gate), Sluice gate, Stoney gate, Vertical lift gate
Containing many small cavities formed by the expansion of a gas bubble or steam when the rock solidifies. Tiny holes in volcanic rock caused by gas bubbles trapped in lava when it cooled.
- Browse Related Terms: auger, Boring, Collar, Collaring, Core drill, Dry well, Filter cake (mud cake), Gravelfill, Rock anchor, Rock bolt, stemming, Stud, Subdrilling, Vesicular (vesicles)
A screen which is vibrated to separate and move pieces resting on it.
- Browse Related Terms: Angle of obliquity, deflation, Erosion, Migratory, Mohr circle, Naturalness, Stator, Turbid, Vibrating screen, Winch
Compression corresponding to stresses greater than the preconsolidation stress.
- Browse Related Terms: Consolidometer, Effective diameter, Header, Pig, Spalling (spall), Virgin compression, Virgin compression curve, Virgin compression line
The portion of the compression curve corresponding to virgin compression.
- Browse Related Terms: Consolidometer, Effective diameter, Header, Pig, Spalling (spall), Virgin compression, Virgin compression curve, Virgin compression line
Straight line approximating the virgin compression curve.
- Browse Related Terms: Consolidometer, Effective diameter, Header, Pig, Spalling (spall), Virgin compression, Virgin compression curve, Virgin compression line