Frictional resistance mobilized between a wall and the soil or rock in contact with the wall.
- Browse Related Terms: Active earth pressure, Adhesion, Angle of external friction (angle of wall friction), Angle of wall friction, Dilatancy, Direct shear test, Friction, Passive earth pressure, Shear strength, Vane shear test, Wall friction
Generally, water or water system that has an environment suitable for species of fish other than salmonids.
- Browse Related Terms: AFRP, Alevin, Anadromous, Angler-day, Cold-water fishery, Fish weir, Forage fish, Hatchery, ichthyology, Juvenile, Nonconsumptive water uses, Rough fish, Salmonids, Spawn, Warm-water fishery, Wetlands, Wildlife Refuge, Young-of-year
The fourth of five Early Warning System components consisting of the processes (including the media) and equipment necessary to make the public aware of potential, probable, or imminent danger or risk. A warning should be designed to prompt the population at risk to take protective action.
- Browse Related Terms: 24-hour warning point, ALERT Flood Warning System, Decision making, Detection, Early warning system feasibility, EWS, IFLOWS, Implementation process, Integrated early warning system, LFWS, Notification, Operations and Maintenance (O&M), Warning
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The depth of water in a river at which the National Weather Service (NWS) reviews basin conditions for potential flooding.
- Browse Related Terms: ASOS, B-44 Form, Cooperative Station Report, Climate, Congressional Organic Act of 1890, County Warning Forecast Area (CWFA), Hydrologic Service Area (HSA), Hydrologic Services, Hydrometeorological Report (HMR), Mission of the National Weather Service, National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC), National Weather Service (NWS), Regional Operations Manual Letter (ROML), Warning stage, Weather Forecast Office (WFO)
The amount of time between detection of failure or incipient failure and arrival of dam failure flood. It is a function of, and related to, detection, response, breach formation, travel time, evacuation capability, and breach formation time.
- Browse Related Terms: Base safety condition (BSC), Dam Failure, Dam safety deficiency, Dam safety issue, failure, Level of protection (LOP), Low hazard, Population at risk (PAR), Probability of failure, Risk Assessment, Significant hazard, Warning time (WT)
That part of the total sediment discharge which is composed of particle sizes finer than those found in appreciable quantities in the bed material, and is determined by available bank and upslope supply rate.
- Browse Related Terms: Alluvial fan, Alluvium, Bed material, Bed-material discharge, Contact load, Deposition, Detritus, Dredging, End moraine (terminal moraine), Lateral moraine, Sediment Storage Capacity, Sedimentation, Wash load
A bank made of excess or unstable material excavated from a construction site.
- Browse Related Terms: Backfill, Backfill concrete, Borrow, Borrow areas, Borrow pits, Cutoff Trench, Cutoff trench (keyway), Dam foundation, Embankment Dam (Fill Dam), Embankment dam or fill dam, Exploit, Fill Dam, Payline, Pipe trench, Pit run gravel, Refill, Sand backfill, Select material, Slurry trench, Uncompacted backfill, Unsuitable material, Wastebank
An analytical tool whereby the sum of the system inflows equals the sum of the system outflows. A summation of inputs, outputs, and net changes to a particular water resource system over a fixed period.
- Browse Related Terms: Breeding density, Climatic year, Commercial user day, Cover crop, Fling, Growing Season, Motor efficiency, Natural period of vibration (T), Quaternary, Response spectrum, Spectrum intensity, Temporary structure, User day, Water budget (water balance model)
See moisture content.
- Browse Related Terms: Alkaline, Consolidation, Electrical conductivity, Ground motion parameters, Initial Moisture Deficiency, Initial Water Deficiency, Neutron probe, Scaling, Shrinkage limit (SL), Snowboard, Sodicity, Sticky limit, Turbidity, Water content, Water holding capacity
Ratio of the volume of irrigation water delivered by a distribution system to the water introduced into the system.
- Browse Related Terms: AMWUA, Applied water (delivered water), Beneficial use, Continuous-flow irrigation, Conveyance system efficiency, Delivery, Frequency demand scheduling, Release, Water conveyance efficiency
Any structure that conveys water from one location to another.
- Browse Related Terms: Bulkhead, Chute, Conduit, Control structure (control house), Crest structure, Flip bucket, Gate structure, Inlet channel (inlet structure), Spillway channel, Stilling Basin, Stilling pool, Terminal structure, Tunnel, Water conveyance structure, Wet Floodproofing
The movement of water from the air to and below the Earth's surface and back into the air. See hydrologic cycle.
- Browse Related Terms: Aerate, Air waves, ambient temperature, Prime, Venturi, Water cycle
Reservoirs, canals, ditches, pumps, and other facilities to move water.
- Browse Related Terms: Afterbay (tailrace), Area of Influence, Area of influence of a well, Brake horsepower, Centrifugal pump, Deep well, Entrainment, Equilibrium Drawdown, Flowing Artesian Well, Ground Water Mining, Ground water mining (overdraft), Hydraulic efficiency, impeller, Jetting pump, Multi-stage pump, Overdraft, Pump, Pump-back system, Pumping energy, Pumplift (pumping lift), Single-stage pump, Total dynamic head (TDH), Water delivery system, Wire-to-water efficiency (overall efficiency)
Water requirements for a particular purpose, as for irrigation, power, municipal supply, plant transpiration or storage.
- Browse Related Terms: AEB, Annual operating cost, Baseloading, Conservation Storage, Excess capacity, Facilities, Horsepower (hp), Hydraulic, Low-head hydroelectric, Nonfirm power, Pneumatic, Project-use energy, Project-use power, Purchased power, Short-throated flumes, Synchronous condensers, volt-amperes reactive (vars), Water demand
The amount of water, in inches, obtained by melting a snow sample.
- Browse Related Terms: Ablation, Acidified, Aliquot, Erratic, Firn (Snow), Firn Line, Flooded Ice, glacier, Glacier (ice sheet), Metamorphic, Snow Accumulation and Ablation Model, Snow Core, Snow Water Equivalent, Snowmelt Flooding, Snowpack, Water Equivalent, Weighing-type Precipitation Gage
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Refers to pressure fluctuations caused by a sudden increase or decrease in flow velocity, usually associated with a rapid closure or opening of a valve in a pipeline.
- Browse Related Terms: Critical Depth, Critical flow, Critical velocity, Froude number, Gage, Non-uniform flow, Price Current Meter, Rapid flow, Spillway chute, Subcritical flow, Supercritical flow, Tranquil flow, Uniform flow, Water hammer (hydraulic transient)
Amount of soil water available to plants. See available capacity. The smallest value to which the moisture content of a soil can be reduced by gravity drainage.
- Browse Related Terms: Alkaline, Consolidation, Electrical conductivity, Ground motion parameters, Initial Moisture Deficiency, Initial Water Deficiency, Neutron probe, Scaling, Shrinkage limit (SL), Snowboard, Sodicity, Sticky limit, Turbidity, Water content, Water holding capacity
A plan developed during construction to help assure water quality compliance for both point and nonpoint pollution sources.
- Browse Related Terms: Annex (functional), AOP, AP, Appendix, Base course, Consumer surplus, Emergency Preparedness Plan (EPP), Irrigable land, Local emergency operations plan (LEOP), Local emergency planning committee (LEPC), Multiple-purpose reservoir (multipurpose reservoir), Planning basis, Planning standard(s), Regional Transmission Group (RTG), SARA Title III, Shelterbelt, State Emergency Response Commission (SERC), Water management plan, Work plan
The Bureau of Reclamation's Water Measurement Manual is available on line at the Water Resources Research Laboratory's website.
- Browse Related Terms: Arable land, Authorized Reclamation project, BEA, BIA, BLM, BOM, BOR, BRAIN, Bureau of Land Management (BLM), Bureau of Reclamation (USBR, Reclamation, BOR), DataWeb, Full irrigation service land, Public involvement plan, Publications, Recreation, Supplemental irrigation service land, Water Measurement Manual, Wilderness resource