Medicine — page 11 of 65

6,429 terms including subtopics (0 terms filed directly here)

Subtopics

Medicine terms

  1. cefixime An antibiotic drug used to treat infection. It belongs to the family of drugs called cephalosporins.
  2. ceftriaxone A drug used to treat infection. It belongs to the family of drugs called cephalosporin antibiotics.
  3. celecoxib (SEL-uh-KOK-sib) A drug that reduces pain. Celecoxib belongs to the family of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents.
  4. Celexa A drug used to treat depression. It belongs to the families of drugs called antidepressant agents and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).
  5. celiac disease A digestive disease that is caused by an immune response to a protein called gluten, which is found in wheat, rye, barley, and oats.
  6. cell (sel) The individual unit that makes up the tissues of the body. All living things are made up of one or more cells.
  7. Cell culture (SEL KUL-chur) The growth of microorganisms such as bacteria and yeast, or human, plant, or animal cells in the laboratory.
  8. cell cycle (SEL SY-kul) The process a cell goes through each time it divides. The cell cycle consists of a series of steps during which the chromosomes and other…
  9. cell differentiation The process during which young, immature (unspecialized) cells take on individual characteristics and reach their mature (specialized) form and function.
  10. cell motility The ability of a cell to move.
  11. cell proliferation (SEL proh-LIH-fuh-RAY-shun) An increase in the number of cells as a result of cell growth and cell division.
  12. cell respiration A chemical process in which oxygen is used to make energy from carbohydrates (sugars).
  13. cell-cycle regulation Any process that controls the series of events by which a cell goes through the cell cycle.
  14. cell-to-cell signaling The transfer of information from one cell to another.
  15. CellCept (SEL-sept) A drug used to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after organ transplants.
  16. cellular adhesion (SEL-yoo-ler ad-HEE-zhun) The close adherence (bonding) to adjoining cell surfaces.
  17. cellular adoptive immunotherapy (SEL-yoo-ler uh-DOP-tiv IH-myoo-noh-THAYR-uh-pee) A treatment used to help the immune system fight cancer.
  18. cellular metabolism (SEL-yoo-ler meh-TA-buh-lih-zum) The sum of all chemical changes that take place in a cell through which energy and basic components are provided for…
  19. cellulitis An acute, spreading infection of the deep tissues of the skin and muscle that causes the skin to become warm and tender and may also cause fever, chills…
  20. Cellulose (SEL-yoo-lose) A building block of plant cells and fiber. Cellulose cannot be digested by people, and is used to add bulk to the diet.
  21. Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (CDC) One of the foremost national agencies in the world that serves to support and advance public health.
  22. Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) (CMS) A federal agency that runs the national health insurance programs Medicare and Medicaid
  23. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (CDC) A division of Department of Health and Human Services.
  24. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS) (CMS) A division of Department of Health and Human Services.
  25. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) (CMS) Federal agency within HHS that administers the Medicaid, Medicare, and the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP).
  26. centimeter (SEN-tih-MEE-ter) A measure of length in the metric system. There are 100 centimeters in a meter and 2½ centimeters in an inch.
  27. Central Line A central line is a flexible tube that is inserted near a patient's heart or into one of the large blood vessels near the heart.
  28. Central line catheter A long flexible tube that is inserted into a large blood vessel near the heart.
  29. Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection (CLABSI) (CLABSI) Central line-associated bloodstream infections can result if an intravenous catheter is inserted incorrectly or not cared for properly.
  30. Central Nervous System (SEN-trul NER-vus SIS-tem) The brain and spinal cord. Also called CNS.
  31. central nervous system metastasis (SEN-trul NER-vus SIS-tem meh-TAS-tuh-sis) Cancer that has spread from the original (primary) tumor to the central nervous system (CNS).
  32. central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumor (SEN-trul NER-vus SIS-tem PRI-muh-tiv NOOR-oh-EK-toh-DER-mul TOO-mer) A type of cancer that arises from a particular type of cell within the brain or…
  33. central nervous system prophylaxis (SEN-trul NER-vus SIS-tem pro-fih-LAK-sis) Chemotherapy or radiation therapy given to the central nervous system (CNS) as a preventive treatment.
  34. central nervous system sanctuary therapy (SEN-trul NER-vus SIS-tem SANK-choo-WAYR-ee THAYR-uh-pee) Chemotherapy or radiation therapy given to the central nervous system (CNS) as a preventive…
  35. central nervous system tumor (SEN-trul NER-vus SIS-tem TOO-mer) A tumor of the central nervous system, including brain stem glioma, craniopharyngioma, medulloblastoma, and meningioma.
  36. central venous access catheter (SEN-trul VEE-nus AK-ses KA-theh-ter) A tube surgically placed into a blood vessel for the purpose of giving intravenous fluid and drugs.
  37. CEP-2563 dihydrochloride (... dy-HY-droh-KLOR-ide) A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer.
  38. CEP-701 A drug being studied in the treatment of acute leukemias and some other types of cancer.
  39. cephalexin An antibiotic drug that belongs to the family of drugs called cephalosporins.
  40. cephalosporin A drug used to treat bacterial infections. It belongs to the family of drugs called antibiotics.
  41. ceramide A type of fat produced in the body. It may cause some types of cells to die and is being studied in cancer treatment.
  42. cerebellar hemangioblastoma (ser-eh-BEH-ler hee-MAN-jee-OH-blas-TOH-muh) A benign, slow-growing tumor in the cerebellum (part of the brain at the back of the head), made up of…
  43. cerebellopontine (SER-uh-BEL-o-PON-teen) Having to do with two structures of the brain, the cerebellum (located at the lower back of the brain) and the pons (located at…
  44. cerebellum (ser-uh-BEL-um) The portion of the brain in the back of the head between the cerebrum and the brain stem.
  45. cerebral hemisphere (seh-REE-bral HEM-is-feer) One half of the cerebrum, the part of the brain that controls muscle functions and also controls speech, thought, emotions…
  46. Cerebral malaria A severemalaria syndrome in which infected red blood cells obstruct blood circulation in the small blood vessels in the brain and/or release cytokines…
  47. Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA, Stroke) Impaired cerebral blood supply.
  48. Cerebrospinal fluid (seh-REE-broh-SPY-nul...) The fluid that flows in and around the hollow spaces of the brain and spinal cord, and between two of the meninges (the thin…
  49. cerebrospinal fluid diversion A process used to drain fluid that has built up around the brain and spinal cord.
  50. Cerebrovascular Disease Relating to the blood supply to the brain, particularly with reference to pathologic changes such as stroke and other cognitive deficits.
  51. cerebrum (seh-REE-brum) The largest part of the brain. It is divided into two hemispheres, or halves, called the cerebral hemispheres.
  52. Certification Board of Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. An independent testing board that certifies infection prevention professionals by a formal written examination.
  53. Cerubidine (seh-ROO-bih-dine) A drug used to treat acute leukemias and some other types of cancer.
  54. cervical (SER-vih-kul) Relating to the neck, or to the neck of any organ or structure. Cervical lymph nodes are located in the neck.
  55. cervical cancer (SER-vih-kul KAN-ser) Cancer that forms in tissues of the cervix (the organ connecting the uterus and vagina).
  56. cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (SER-vih-kul IN-truh-eh-pih-THEE-lee-ul NEE-oh-PLAY-zhuh) Growth of abnormal cells on the surface of the cervix.
  57. cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2/3 (SER-vih-kul IN-truh-eh-pih-THEE-lee-ul NEE-oh-play-zhuh …) A condition in which abnormal cells grow on the thin layer of tissue that covers…
  58. cervical mediastinoscopy (SUR-vuh-kul MEE-dee-eh-stye-NAH-skuh-pee): A surgical procedure to examine the central area of the chest, called the mediastinum.
  59. cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia 1 (SER-vih-kul SKWAY-mus IN-truh-eh-pih-THEE-lee-ul NEE-oh-PLAY-zhuh ...) A condition in which slightly abnormal cells grow on the thin layer of tissue that…
  60. cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia 2 (SER-vih-kul SKWAY-mus IN-truh-eh-pih-THEE-lee-ul NEE-oh-PLAY-zhuh ...) A condition in which moderately abnormal cells grow on the thin layer of tissue…
  61. cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia 3 (SER-vih-kul SKWAY-mus IN-truh-eh-pih-THEE-lee-ul NEE-oh-PLAY-zhuh …) Abnormal cells are found in the cervical epithelium (the innermost lining…
  62. cervicectomy (SER-vih-SEK-toh-mee) Surgery to remove the cervix (the end of the uterus that forms a canal between the uterus and the vagina).
  63. CerviPrep (SER-vih-PREP) A device used to deliver drugs directly to the cervix (the lower, narrow end of the uterus that forms a canal between the uterus and…
  64. cervix (SER-viks) The lower, narrow end of the uterus that forms a canal between the uterus and vagina.
  65. cetuximab (seh-TUK-sih-mab) A monoclonal antibody used to treat certain types of head and neck cancer, and colorectal cancer that has spread to other parts of the…
  66. cevimeline A substance that increases production of saliva and tears. It is being studied as a treatment for dry mouth caused by radiation therapy to the head and…
  67. CGP 48664 A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase inhibitors.
  68. Chamberlain procedure (CHAYM-ber-len proh-SEE-jer) A procedure in which a tube is inserted into the chest to view the tissues and organs in the area between the lungs and…
  69. chamomile (KA-muh-mile) A family of plants with daisy-like flowers. Two types are German chamomile and Roman or English chamomile.
  70. change of life The time of life when a woman no longer has menstrual periods. Change of life is reached when she hasn't had a period for 12 months in a row.
  71. Chantix (CHAN-tix) A drug used to help people stop smoking by acting the same way nicotine acts in the brain. It is a type of nicotine receptor partial agonist.
  72. chaplain (CHA-plin) A member of the clergy in charge of a chapel or who works with the military or with an institution, such as a hospital.
  73. charged-particle radiation therapy (… PAR-tih-kul RAY-dee-AY-shun THAYR-uh-pee) A type of external radiation therapy that uses a special machine to make invisible, high-energy…
  74. chelating agent (KEE-lay-ting AY-jent) A chemical compound that binds tightly to metal ions. In medicine, chelating agents are used to remove toxic metals from the body.
  75. Chemical Diabetes See Latent Diabetes
  76. chemical imbalance (KEH-mih-kul im-BA-lunts) Too much or too little of any substance that helps the body work the way it should.
  77. Chemical Type The Chemical Type represents the newness of a drug formulation or a new indication for an existing drug formulation.
  78. chemoembolization A procedure in which the blood supply to the tumor is blocked surgically or mechanically and anticancer drugs are administered directly into the tumor.
  79. chemoimmunotherapy (KEE-moh-IH-myoo-noh-THAYR-uh-pee) Chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy. Chemotherapy uses different drugs to kill or slow the growth of cancer cells…
  80. chemoprevention (KEE-mo-pre-VEN-shun) The use of drugs, vitamins, or other agents to try to reduce the risk of, or delay the development or recurrence of, cancer.
  81. chemoprevention study In cancer prevention, a clinical trial that studies whether taking certain medicines, vitamins, minerals, or food supplements can prevent cancer.
  82. Chemoprophylaxis The use of antimalarial drugs to prevent malaria disease.
  83. chemoprotective A quality of some drugs used in cancer treatment. Chemoprotective agents protect healthy tissue from the toxic effects of anticancer drugs.
  84. chemoradiation Treatment that combines chemotherapy with radiation therapy. Also called chemoradiotherapy.
  85. chemoradiotherapy (KEE-moh-RAY-dee-oh-THAYR-uh-pee) Treatment that combines chemotherapy with radiation therapy. Also called chemoradiation .
  86. chemosensitivity The susceptibility of tumor cells to the cell-killing effects of anticancer drugs.
  87. chemosensitivity assay A laboratory test that measures the number of tumor cells that are killed by a cancer drug.
  88. chemosensitizer A drug that makes tumor cells more sensitive to the effects of chemotherapy.
  89. chemotherapeutic agent A drug used to treat cancer.
  90. Chemotherapy (KEE-moh-THAYR-uh-pee) Treatment with drugs that kill cancer cells.
  91. chest wall The muscles, bones, and joints that make up the area of the body between the neck and the abdomen.
  92. chest X-ray An x-ray of the structures inside the chest. An x-ray is a type of high-energy radiation that can go through the body and onto film, making pictures of…
  93. chiasma (ki-AZ-ma) An anatomy term for an X-shaped crossing (for example, of nerves or tendons).
  94. Chief Elected Official (CEO) (CEO) The official recipient of Part A or Part B Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program funds. For Part A, this is usually a city mayor, county executive, or chair of the…
  95. child-life worker A professional who is responsible for making a child's hospital and treatment experience less scary.
  96. chimeric (ky-MEER-ik) Having parts of different origins. In medicine, refers to a person, organ, or tissue that contains cells with different genes than the rest…
  97. Chinese meridian theory (chy-NEEZ meh-RID-ee-un THEER-ee) In traditional Chinese medicine, meridians are channels that form a network in the body, through which qi (vital energy)…
  98. Chinese rhubarb (chy-NEEZ ROO-barb) The root of this plant has been used in some cultures to treat certain medical problems.
  99. CHIR-265 A substance being studied in the treatment of melanoma. CHIR-265 may block the growth of tumors and the growth of blood vessels from surrounding tissue to…
  100. chitin A type of polysaccharide (sugar molecule) that is made by some plants and animals.