euthanasia(YOO-thuh-NAY-zhuh) An easy or painless death, or the intentional ending of the life of a person suffering from an incurable or painful disease at his or…
Evacet(EH-vuh-set) A form of the anticancer drug doxorubicin that is contained in very tiny, fat-like particles.
evaluable diseaseDisease that cannot be measured directly by the size of the tumor but can be evaluated by other methods specific to a particular clinical trial.
evaluable patientsPatients whose response to a treatment can be measured because enough information has been collected.
everolimusA substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called immunosuppressive agents and antiangiogenesis…
Evidence(EV-uh-dins): Information that is collected in an orderly way about a disease or its treatment. This information often comes from research.
Evista(ee-VIS-tuh) A drug used to reduce the risk of invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women who are at a high risk of developing the disease or who have…
Ewing family of tumors(YOO-ing ...) A group of cancers that includes Ewing tumor of bone (ETB or Ewing sarcoma of bone), extraosseous Ewing (EOE) tumors, primitive…
Ewing sarcoma(YOO-ing sar-KOH-muh) A type of cancer that forms in bone or soft tissue. Also called peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor and pPNET.
Ex vivo(ex VEE-voh) Outside of the living body. Refers to a medical procedure in which an organ, cells, or tissue are taken from a living body for a treatment or…
exatecan mesylateAn anticancer drug that is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor. Also called DX-8951f.
excisional biopsy(ek-SIH-zhun-al BY-op-see) A surgical procedure in which an entire lump or suspicious area is removed for diagnosis.
excisional skin surgery(ek-SIH-zhun-al ⦠SER-juh-ree) A surgical procedure used to remove moles, cysts, skin cancer, and other skin growths using local anesthesia.
excrete(ek-SKREET) To get rid of waste material from the blood, tissues, or organs by a normal discharge (such as sweat, urine, or stool).
exemestane(EK-seh-MEH-stayn) A drug used to treat advanced breast cancer and to prevent recurrent breast cancer in postmenopausal women who have already been…
exenteration(ek-ZEN-ter-AY-shun) Surgery to remove organs within a body cavity.
exisulindA drug that is being studied in the treatment and prevention of cancer. It has been shown to cause apoptosis (cell death) in cancerous and precancerous…
Exjade(EX-jayd) A drug used to treat too much iron in the blood caused by blood transfusions.
exocrine cancer(EK-soh-krin KAN-ser) A disease in which malignant (cancer) cells are found in the tissues of the pancreas. Also called pancreatic cancer.
exocrine pancreas cellA pancreatic cell that produces enzymes that are secreted into the small intestine.
Exoerythrocytic stageA stage in the life cycle of the malaria parasite found in liver cells (hepatocytes). Exoerythrocytic stage parasites do not cause symptoms.
ExophagicAn exophagic mosquito is a mosquito that feeds outdoors.
ExophilicAn exophilic mosquito tends to inhabit/rest outdoors. Residual insecticides in buildings are less effective at controlling exophilic mosquitoes.
expanded access trialA way to provide an investigational therapy to a patient who is not eligible to receive that therapy in a clinical trial, but who has a serious or…
expectant management(ek-SPEK-tunt MA-nij-ment) Closely monitoring a patient's condition but withholding treatment until symptoms appear or change.
experimental(ek-SPER-ih-men-tul) In clinical trials, refers to a drug (including a new drug, dose, combination, or route of administration) or procedure that has…
experimental drug(ek-SPER-ih-men-tul ...) A substance that has been tested in a laboratory and has gotten approval from the U.S.
exploratory surgery(ek-SPLOR-uh-TOR-ee SER-juh-ree) Surgery to look inside the body to help make a diagnosis.
ExposedNot protected so body may allow germs to entry and cause disease, or body does not have the defense to protect itself from certain germs.
Exposure CategoryIn describing HIV/AIDS cases, same as transmission categories; how an individual may have been exposed to HIV, such as injecting drug use, male-to-male…
Extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL)(ESBL)Beta-lactamases are enzymes that destroy certain antibiotics; ESBLs are bacteria that have acquired these enzymes and become resistant to those drugs.
Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)(ESBL)Beta-lactamases are enzymes that destroy certain antibiotics. ESBLs are bacteria that have acquired these enzymes and have become resistant to certain…
extensive stage SCLCStands for small cell lung cancer. SCLC is usually staged as either "limited" or "extensive.
external radiation therapy(...RAY-dee-AY-shun THAYR-uh-pee) A type of radiation therapy that uses a machine to aim high-energy rays at the cancer from outside of the body.
external-beam radiation therapy(...RAY-dee-AY-shun THAYR-uh-pee) A type of radiation therapy that uses a machine to aim high-energy rays at the cancer from outside of the body.
extracorporeal photopheresis(EK-struh-kore-PORE-ee-ul FOH-toh-fuh-REE-siss) A procedure in which blood is removed from the body and treated with ultraviolet light and drugs that…
extracranial(EK-struh-KRAY-nee-ul) Outside of the cranium (bones that surround the brain).
extracranial germ cell tumor(EK-struh-KRAY-nee-ul jurm sel TOO-mer) A rare cancer that forms in germ cells in the testicle or ovary, or in germ cells that have traveled to areas of…
extract(EK-strakt) In medicine, a preparation of a substance obtained from plants, animals, or bacteria and used as a drug or in drugs.
extragonadal germ cell tumor(EK-struh-go-NA-dul jurm sel TOO-mer) A rare cancer that develops in germ cells that are found in areas of the body other than the ovary or testicle (such…
extrahepatic(EK-struh-heh-PA-tik) Located or occurring outside the liver.
extrahepatic bile duct(EK-struh-heh-PA-tik BILE dukt) The part of the common hepatic bile duct (tube that collects bile from the liver) that is outside the liver.
extrahepatic bile duct cancer(EK-struh-heh-PA-tik BILE dukt KAN-ser) A rare cancer that forms in the part of the bile duct that is outside the liver.
extranodal(EK-stuh-NOH-dul) Refers to an area or organ outside of the lymph nodes.
extraocular(EK-struh-AH-kyoo-ler) Located outside the eye.
extraosseous(EK-struh-AH-see-us) Located outside of the bone.
extrapleural pneumonectomy(EK-struh-PLOOR-ul NOO-moh-NEK-toh-mee) Surgery to remove a diseased lung, part of the pericardium (membrane covering the heart), part of the diaphragm…
extravasation(ek-STRA-vuh-SAY-shun) The leakage of blood, lymph, or other fluid, such as an anticancer drug, from a blood vessel or tube into the tissue around it.
eye cancer(I KAN-ser) Cancer that forms in tissues of and around the eye. Some of the cancers that may affect the eye include melanoma (a rare cancer that begins in…
F-18 16 alpha-fluoroestradiol(⦠AL-fuh-FLOOR-oh-es-truh-DY-ol) A radiolabeled substance being studied as an imaging agent in breast cancer.
F-18 FESA radiolabeled substance being studied as an imaging agent in breast cancer. F-18 FES binds to estrogen receptors and gives off radiation that can be…
falimarev(fuh-LIM-uh-rev) A cancer vaccine made with a form of a chicken virus that does not cause disease in humans.
fallopian tube(fuh-LOH-pee-in...) A slender tube through which eggs pass from an ovary to the uterus.
false-negative test resultA test result that indicates that a person does not have a specific disease or condition when the person actually does have the disease or condition.
false-positive test result(fawls-PAH-zih-tiv ... reh-ZULT) A test result that indicates that a person has a specific disease or condition when the person actually does not have the…
familial adenomatous polyposis(fuh-MIH-lee-ul A-deh-NOH-muh-tus PAH-lee-POH-sis) An inherited condition in which numerous polyps (growths that protrude from mucous membranes) form on…
familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndromeAn inherited condition marked by the following: (1) one or more first- or second-degree relatives (parent, sibling, child, grandparent, grandchild, aunt…
familial cancerCancer that occurs in families more often than would be expected by chance. These cancers often occur at an early age, and may indicate the presence of a…
familial dysplastic nevi(fa-MI-lee-yul dis-PLAS-tik NEE-vye) A condition that runs in certain families in which at least two members have dysplastic nevi (atypical moles) and…
familial isolated hyperparathyroidism(fuh-MIH-lee-ul I-soh-LAY-ted HY-per-PAYR-uh-THY-roy-dih-zum) A rare inherited condition in which one or more tumors form in the parathyroid glands (four…
familial medullary thyroid cancer(fuh-MIH-lee-ul MED-yoo-LAYR-ee THY-royd KAN-ser) An inherited form of medullary thyroid cancer (cancer that forms in the cells of the thyroid that make…
familial polyposis(fuh-MIH-lee-ul PAH-lee-POH-sis) An inherited condition in which numerous polyps (growths that protrude from mucous membranes) form on the inside walls of…
Family Centered CareA model in which systems of care under Ryan White Part D are designed to address the needs of PLWHA and affected family members as a unit, providing or…
family historyA record of a person's current and past illnesses, and those of his or her parents, brothers, sisters, children, and other family members.
family therapy(FAM-ih-lee THAYR-uh-pee) A type of therapy in which the whole family talks with a professional counselor to solve family problems.
FAMMM syndromeAn inherited condition marked by the following: (1) one or more first- or second-degree relatives (parent, sibling, child, grandparent, grandchild, aunt…
Fanconi anemia(fan-KOH-nee uh-NEE-mee-uh) A rare inherited disorder in which the bone marrow does not make blood cells.
Fanconi syndrome(fan-KOH-nee SIN-drome) A group of kidney disorders that cause protein, sugar, minerals, and other nutrients to be lost in the urine.
FansidarBrand name of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, a drug used against malaria. Its value has been compromised by the emergence of drug-resistant malaria parasites.
FAPAn inherited condition in which numerous polyps (growths that protrude from mucous membranes) form on the inside walls of the colon and rectum.
Faslodex(FAZ-loh-dex) A drug used to treat certain types of breast cancer in postmenopausal women.
Fast StatsFast Stats is designed to allow quick and easy access to key statistics for all major cancer sites by age, sex, race, and geographic area.
fast-neutron beam radiation(fast NOO-tron beem RAY-dee-AY-shun) A type of radiation therapy that uses tiny particles called neutrons made by a machine called a cyclotron.
fat-soluble vitamin(⦠SOL-yoo-bul VY-tuh-min) A vitamin that can dissolve in fats and oils.
FatigueA condition marked by extreme tiredness and inability to function due lack of energy. Fatigue may be acute or chronic.
fatty acidA major component of fats that is used by the body for energy and tissue development.
fatty-replaced breast tissueA term used in mammography that refers to the replacement of breast tissue with fatty tissue. This commonly occurs as a woman ages.
fazarabineAn anticancer drug that is a type of antimetabolite.
FDAAn agency in the U.S. federal government whose mission is to protect public health by making sure that food, cosmetics, and nutritional supplements are…
FDA Action DateThe action date tells when an FDA regulatory action, such as an original or supplemental approval, took place.
FDA Application NumberThis number, also known as the NDA (New Drug Application) number, is assigned by FDA staff to each application for approval to market a new drug in the…
FdCydA substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It may prevent the growth of tumors by stopping cancer cells from dividing and by…
FDRThe parents, brothers, sisters, or children of an individual. Also called first-degree relative .
febrile neutropenia(FEH-brile noo-troh-PEE-nee-uh) A condition marked by fever and decrease in the number of neutrophils in the blood.
fecal incontinence(FEE-kal in-KAHN-tih-nens) Inability to hold stool in the rectum.
fecal occult blood test(FEE-kul uh-KULT...) A test to check for blood in the stool. Small samples of stool are placed on special cards and sent to a doctor or laboratory for…
Fecal occult blood test (FOBT)(FOBT)A test to check for hidden blood in stool. Fecal refers to stool. Occult means hidden. (See also Stool Test.)
feces(FEE-seez) The material in a bowel movement. Feces is made up of food that was not digested, bacteria, mucus, and cells from the intestines.
Femara(FEM-uh-ruh) A drug used to treat advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Femara causes a decrease in the amount of estrogen made by the body.
fenofibrate(FEN-oh-FY-brayt) A drug used to treat high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood.
fenretinide(fen-REH-tih-nide) A substance being studied in the treatment and prevention of some types of cancer.
fenretinide LXS(fen-REH-tih-nideâ¦) A powdered form of fenretinide that is being studied in the treatment of neuroblastoma.
fenretinide Lym-X-Sorb(fen-REH-tih-nideâ¦) A powdered form of fenretinide that is being studied in the treatment of neuroblastoma.
fentanyl(FEN-tuh-nil) A drug used to treat moderate to severe pain that is ongoing and cannot be managed with other pain medicines.
fentanyl sublingual spray(FEN-tuh-nil sub-LING-wul â¦) A form of the drug fentanyl that is sprayed under the tongue and then absorbed into the blood.