inclined orbitAny nonequatorial orbit of a satellite. Note: Inclined orbits may be circular or elliptical, synchronous or asynchronous, and direct or retrograde.
inclusionA foreign object present within, for example, an optical fiber or a crystal.
incoherentIn optics, characterized by a degree of coherence significantly less than 0.88.
incoming accessThe ability of a user to terminate data calls via an ISDN. [T1.615-1992]
incoming call identification (ICI)A switching system feature that allows an attendant to identify visually the type of service or trunk group associated with a call directed to the…
incorrect blockA block successfully delivered to the intended destination user, but having one or more incorrect bits, additions, or deletions, in the delivered block.
incremental compactionData compaction accomplished by specifying only the initial value and all subsequent changes.
incremental phase modulation (IPM)In spread-spectrum systems, phase modulation in which one binary code sequence is shifted with respect to another, usually to conduct a synchronizing…
indefinite call signA call sign that represents a group of facilities, commands, authorities, activities, or units rather than one of these. 2.
independent clocksIn communication network timing subsystems, free-running precision clocks used, for synchronization purposes, at the nodes.
independent security domainsTwo security domains are independent if and only if: - they are administered by different administrations, and - no dependency relationship exists between…
independent-sideband (ISB) transmissionDouble-sideband transmission in which the information carried by each sideband is different. Note: The carrier may be suppressed.
index dipIn an optical fiber, an undesired decrease in the refractive index at the center of the core.
index of cooperationIn facsimile, the product of the total line length and the number of lines per unit length, divided by . 2.
Index profileThe configuration file that defines the schema for a searchable index. This includes fields and properties of the index, similar to an XML schema, but…
index-matching materialA substance, usually a liquid, cement (adhesive), or gel, which has an index of refraction that closely approximates that of an optical fiber, and is used…
indirect controlIn digital data transmission, the use of a clock rate of 2n times the modulation rate, where n is an integer greater than one.
indirect waveA wave, such as a radio wave or sound wave, that arrives at a given point by reflection or scattering from surrounding objects, rather than directly from…
individual lineA line that connects a single user to a switching center.
industry standardA voluntary, industry-developed document that establishes requirements for products, practices, or operations.
InferenceProcess of deriving a conclusion from premises; in semantic web it is performed by a reasoner software and is used to extract explicit knowledge from…
infobahnA slang term for The Internet or NII. See National Information Infrastructure.
InformationAccusatory document, filed by a prosecutor, detailing misdemeanor charges against a party.
Information AssuranceMeasures that protect and defend information and information systems by ensuring their availability, integrity, authentication, confidentiality, and…
information digit(s)A single-digit data element in the 7-digit format that is outpulsed by the network to indicate the numbering plan digit (NPD) and CESID (caller's…
information feedbackThe return of received data to the source, usually for the purpose of checking the accuracy of transmission by comparison with the original data.
information fieldIn data transmission, a field assigned to contain user information. Note: The contents of the information field are not interpreted at the link level.
information flow control[In COMSEC, a] procedure to ensure that information transfers within an information system (IS) are not made from a higher security level object to an…
information integrityIn a frame-relaying network, the condition when all frames relayed by the network satisfy the frame check sequence check. [After T1.606-1990]
information labelThe item visible at the POSIX.6/D13.1 interface that is used for associating labeling information with object data.
information label floatingThe operation whereby one information label is combined with another information label.
information label policyThe implementation-defined policy that determines to what degree information labels associated with data are automatically adjusted as data flows through…
information processing center (IPC)A facility staffed and equipped for processing and distributing information. Note: An IPC may be geographically distributed.
information providerA "helper" software component that collects or formats resource information, for use in WS MDS by an aggregator source or by a WSRF service when creating…
information rateFor a frame relay logical connection, the average number of end user bits transferred per second, in one direction, across a user-network interface as…
Information SecurityThe protection of information and information systems from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction in order to…
information systemA system which provides input, storage, processing, communications, output, and control functions in relation to information and data.
information systems security (INFOSEC and/or ISS)[The] protection of information systems against unauthorized access to or modification of information, whether in storage, processing or transit, and…
information technology (IT)The branch of technology devoted to (a) the study and application of data and the processing thereof; i.e.
information transferThe process of moving messages containing user information from a source to a sink.
information transfer capabilityThe capability associated with the transfer of different types of information through the ISDN.
information transfer interfaceEstablishment of a communication (signaling) path and any required bearer path between the RPT/RT and the radio port.
information transfer modeThe operational mode for transferring (transportation and switching) user information through the ISDN.
information transfer rateThe transfer of digital information between two access points or reference points.
information-bearer channelA channel capable of transmitting all the information required for communication, such as user data, synchronizing sequences, and control signals.
information-transfer phaseIn an information-transfer transaction, the phase during which user information blocks are transferred from the source user to a destination user.
information-transfer transactionA coordinated sequence of user and telecommunications system actions that cause information present at a source user to become present at a destination…
Infrared (IR)Electromagnetic radiations of wavelength between the longest visible red (7,000 Angstroms or 7 x 10E4 millimeter) and about 1 millimeter.
infrastructure assurancePreemptive or reactive risk-management techniques designed to increase confidence that disruption of a system will be minimized if its critical…
infrastructure protectionPreemptive or reactive risk-management techniques designed to prevent disruption of a system after its critical infrastructure is attacked.
inhibiting signalA signal that prevents the occurrence of an event. Note: An inhibiting signal may be used, for example, to disable an AND gate, thus preventing any…
initial alignmentA procedure used to qualify a signaling link for carriage of signaling traffic, either for the first time or after failure has occurred. [T1.226-1992]
initial text sequenceIn cryptography, a 64-bit binary sector that may be attached to the beginning of a message. [After X9.23]
initialization vectorIn encryption, a nonsecret binary vector used as the initializing input algorithm for the encryption of a plaintext block sequence to increase security by…
initializeSetting the state of a cryptographic logic prior to key generation, encryption, or other operating mode. [INFOSEC-99]
initiating MSCThe mobile switching center (MSC) (switch) that obtains routing information (i.e., LRN). [T1.708-1998]
InitiatorThe entity that initiates an authentication exchange.
ink vapor recordingRecording in which vaporized ink particles are deposited directly upon the record medium.
inlineAn image on a web page that is displayed directly to the viewer rather than being made available only as a hot link.
InoperativeIs where an individual circuit will not function in service (e.g., open, shorted) or cannot transmit address signaling in either direction
inputIn a device, process, or channel, a point that accepts data. 2. A state, or a sequence of states, of a point that accepts data. 3.
input dataData being received or to be received by a device or a computer program. 2. Data to be processed.
input focusThe attribute of a user interface component, such as a window, that enables it to receive input from a particular input device, such as the keyboard. [T1.
input protectionFor analog input channels, protection against overvoltages that may be applied between any two input connectors or between any input connector and ground.
input-output channelFor a computer, a device that handles the transfer of data between internal memory and peripheral equipment.
input-output controller (IOC)A functional unit that controls one or more input-output channels. Synonym I/O controller.
insertion gainThe gain resulting from the insertion of a device in a transmission line, expressed as the ratio of the signal power delivered to that part of the line…
insertion lossThe loss resulting from the insertion of a device in a transmission line, expressed as the reciprocal of the ratio of the signal power delivered to that…
inside plantAll the cabling and equipment installed in a telecommunications facility, including the main distribution frame (MDF) and all the equipment extending…
inspection lotA collection of produced units from which a statistically valid sample is to be drawn and inspected to determine conformance with acceptability criteria.
instantiationThe creation of an instance of a class - that is, an object.
instructionIn a programming language, an expression that specifies one operation and identifies its operands, if any.
Instructional Television Fixed Service (ITFS)A service provided by one or more fixed microwave stations operated by an educational organization and used to transmit instructional information to fixed…