Telecommunications terms starting with N

258 terms

NA Abbreviation for numerical aperture.
nailed-up circuit Deprecated term. See dedicated circuit, permanent virtual circuit.
NAK Acronym for negative-acknowledge character.
NAK attack In communications security systems, a security penetration technique that makes use of the negative-acknowledge transmission-control character and…
Naming Authority An organizational entity responsible for assigning distinguished names (DNs) and for assuring that each DN is meaningful and unique within its domain.
NANP Area Consists of the United States, Canada and the Caribbean countries: Anguilla, Antigua, Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Canada, Cayman…
NANPA (North American Numbering Plan Administration) NANPA holds overall responsibility for the neutral administration of NANP numbering resources, subject to directives from regulatory authorities in the…
narrative traffic Traffic consisting of plain or encrypted messages written in a natural language and transmitted in accordance with standard formats and procedures.
narrowband modem A modem whose modulated output signal has an essential frequency spectrum that is limited to that which can be wholly contained within, and faithfully…
narrowband radio voice frequency (NBRVF) In narrowband radio, the nominal 3-kHz bandwidth allocated for single channel radio that provides a transmission path for analog and quasi-analog signals.
narrowband signal Any analog signal or analog representation of a digital signal whose essential spectral content is limited to that which can be contained within a voice…
NATA Abbreviation for North American Telecommunications Association.
National Communications System (NCS) The organization established by Section 1(a) of Executive Order No. 12472 to assist the President, the National Security Council, the Director of the…
National Coordinating Center (NCC) for Telecommunications The joint telecommunications industry/Federal Government operation established by the National Communications System to assist in the initiation…
National Electric Code® (NEC) A standard that governs the use of electrical wire, cable, and fixtures, and electrical and optical communications cable installed in buildings.
National Information Infrastructure (NII) A proposed, advanced, seamless web of public and private communications networks, interactive services, interoperable hardware and software, computers…
national number The number identifying a calling user line within an area designated by a country code. [T1.104-1991]
national prefix A digit or combination of digits to be dialed by a calling subscriber, making a call to a subscriber in his own country but outside his own numbering area.
national security information (NSI) Information that has been determined, pursuant to Executive Order 12958 or any predecessor order, to require protection against unauthorized disclosure.
national security system Any telecommunications or information system operated by the United States Government, the function, operation, or use of which: (a) involves intelligence…
National Television Standards Committee standard See NTSC standard.
National xxSecurity or Emergency Preparedness telecommunications See NS/EP telecommunications.
natural frequency Of an antenna, the lowest frequency at which the antenna resonates without the addition of any inductance or capacitance.
nautical mile (nmi) A unit of distance used in navigation and based on the length of one minute of arc taken along a great circle.
navigate To move around (a) within a series of Web pages, or (b) among different Web pages, by following hyperlinked paths within each document.
navigation assistant Synonym droid.
navigator An individual or organization that's trained and able to help consumers, small businesses, and their employees as they look for health coverage options…
NBH Abbreviation for network busy hour. See busy hour.
NBRVF Abbreviation for narrowband radio voice frequency.
NC (no circuit) A call disposition category for a call attempt that does not find an available outgoing trunk. [T1.209-1998]
NC code Abbreviation for network channel (NC) code. A code used to identify both switched and nonswitched channel services.
NCC NORAD Command Center, Colorado Springs, CO.
NCI code Abbreviation for network channel interface code. An encoded representation used to identify 5 interface elements located at a point of termination (POT)…
NCS (1) National Communications System. (2) Net Control Station. (3) Naval Control of Shipping.
NDUB (network-determined user busy) A condition of an interface, as determined by the network, based on the network's capability to terminate another call to that interface.
near absolute immunity A central office or similar facility's ability to maintain continuity of operations without any operationally significant interruption of service from…
near field Synonym near-field region.
Near Real Time When referred to in textual references, the ARM conception of "near-real time" is "with a few hours delay."
near zone Synonym near-field region.
near-end crosstalk Crosstalk that is propagated in a disturbed channel in the direction opposite to the direction of propagation of a signal in the disturbing channel.
near-field diffraction pattern The diffraction pattern of an electromagnetic wave, which pattern is observed close to a source or aperture, as distinguished from a far-field diffraction…
near-field region The close-in region of an antenna wherein the angular field distribution is dependent upon distance from the antenna. Synonyms near field, near zone. 2.
near-field scanning A technique for measuring the refractive-index profile of an optical fiber by using an extended source to illuminate an endface and measuring the…
near-vertical-incidence skywave In radio propagation, a wave that is reflected from the ionosphere at a nearly vertical angle and that is used in short-range communications to reduce the…
NEC Necessary
necessary bandwidth For a given class of emission, the width of the frequency band which is just sufficient to ensure the transmission of information at the rate and with the…
need to know The legitimate requirement of a person or organization to know, access, or possess sensitive or classified information that is critical to the performance…
negation circuit Deprecated synonym for inverter.
negative feedback the process by which an initial change brings about an additional change in the opposite direction.
negative justification Synonym de-stuffing.
negative pulse stuffing Synonym de-stuffing.
negative-acknowledge character (NAK) A transmission control character sent by a station as a negative response to the station with which the connection has been set up.
NEP (1) Nuclear Electric Propulsion. (2) Nuclear Environment Protection.
neper (Np) A unit used to express ratios, such as gain, loss, and relative values. Note 1: The neper is analogous to the decibel, except that the Naperian base 2.
nested command menu A command menu within another command menu. See command menu.
Net "Net" means the value of your assets after subtracting your debts.
net browser Abbreviation for network browser.
net control station (NCS) A radio station that performs net control functions, such as controlling traffic and enforcing operational discipline. [From Weik '89] 2.
net gain The overall gain of a transmission circuit. Note 1: Net gain is measured by applying a test signal at an appropriate power level (see Note 5) at the input…
net loss The overall loss of a transmission circuit.
net loss variation The maximum change in net loss occurring in a specified portion of a communication system during a specified period.
net operation The operation of an organization of stations capable of direct communication on a common channel or frequency.
net radio interface (NRI) An interface between a single-channel radio station (usually in a radio net) and switched communications systems.
netiquette [Slang] A contraction of network etiquette. The written or unwritten rules of etiquette that govern online interaction between users on the Internet.
NETS Abbreviation for Nationwide Emergency Telecommunications Service. See Government Emergency Telecommunications Service.
Network The facilities, providers and suppliers your health insurer or plan has contracted with to provide health care services.
network access point (NAP) Traditionally the point at which an entity connects to the public Internet; but the term generically applies to any point of entry to a WAN.
network address The most important attribute of a socket, like your telephone's telephone number. Typically an IP address. See also "port".
network administration A group of network management functions that (a) provide support services, (b) ensure that the network is used efficiently, and (c) ensure prescribed…
network architecture specifications of a network, including its topology, information encoding, transmission protocols, error detection, and correction
network availability The probability a network can perform its required functions. [T1.Rpt24-1993]
network browser A computer program for browsing hyperlinked documents (especially on the Web). Note 1: A network browser formats and displays information so obtained in a…
network busy hour (NBH) See busy hour.
network cluster The field in the U.S. signaling point code structure that identifies groups of signaling points and individual STPs (signaling transfer points) of a…
network computer Synonym thin client. 2. Any computer connected to a network.
network connectivity The topological description of a network that specifies, in terms of circuit termination locations and quantities, the interconnection of the transmission…
network control program (NCP) In a switch or network node, software designed to store and forward frames between nodes.
network data Data that are specific to the functionality of the network. [T1.667-1999]
network element (NE) In integrated services digital networks, a piece of telecommunications equipment that provides support or services to the user.
network element function block A functional block that communicates with a telecommunications management network (TMN) for the purpose of being monitored, or controlled, or both. [T1.
network element location (NE location) A building (such as a central office) or nonbuilding location housing NEs. Communication within an NE location may be accomplished with minimal attention…
network engineering 1. In telephony, the discipline concerned with (a) determining internetworking service requirements for switched networks, and (b) developing and…
network etiquette (netiquette) See netiquette.
network facility The connection between the radio port controller and the PCS (personal communications services) switching center. [T1.Rpt34-1994]
network failure A complete or partial failure of a component or components of a network because of malfunction or natural or human-caused disasters.
network failure triple A combination of the network's unservability (U), duration (D), and extent (E) parameters that exceeds a threshold. [After T1.Rpt24-1993]
Network File System (NFS) The Network File System (NFS) protocol allows a given computer to access a disk on another computer over a network in a transparent fashion.
network identification The field in the U.S. signaling point code structure that identifies signaling networks. [T1.110-1987]
Network Impacting Event A failure (hardware, software, human, or process) of a telecommunications network component that prevents call completion.
network indicator (NI) Information within the service information octet of the message signal unit that permits discrimination between national and international messages. [T1.
network information center (NIC) See NIC.
network integrity See network survivability.
network interface The point of interconnection between a user terminal and a private or public network. 2.
network interface card (NIC) A printed circuit board that connects a computer or other node to a network. Also known as a "network adapter."
network interface device (NID) A device that performs interface functions, such as code conversion, protocol conversion, and buffering, required for communications to and from a network.
network interface unit (NIU) Synonym network interface device.
network interworking Cooperation among networks in the processing, management, and creation of services that span multiple networks. [After T1.667-1999]
network inward dialing (NID) Synonym direct inward dialing.
Network Layer See Open Systems Interconnection--Reference Model.
network layer relay A function within the network layer by means of which one correspondent network entity forwards data to another correspondent network entity. [T1.204-1992]