Telecommunications — page 17 of 85

Telecommunications terms

1601. Configuration The number, shape, organization and relationship of panes (lights) of glass, sash, frame, muntins or tracery.
1602. Configuration Baseline The configuration documentation formally designated by the Government at a specific time during a systems or configuration items life cycle.
1603. Configuration Control One of the Configuration Management tasks that involves the systematic evaluation, coordination, approval, or disapproval of proposed changes to the…
1604. configuration item A collection of hardware and software elements of a system treated as a unit for the purpose of configuration management [CESG].
1605. configuration management 1. [The] management of security features and assurances through control of changes made to hardware, software, firmware, documentation, test, test…
1606. configuration management board Group of people responsible for the management of changes to a system, to include assessment of their impact on security.
1607. Confinement The prevention of information flow [CESG].
1608. confirmation signaling Signaling that ensures error-free transmission of dialed information by returning a unique digit-dependent signal from the far end as each digit is sent…
1609. confirmation to receive In facsimile, a signal from a CCITT Group 1, 2, or 3 facsimile receiver, indicating it is ready to receive picture signals.
1610. conformance test A test performed by an independent body to determine if a particular piece of equipment satisfies the criteria in a specified controlling document, such…
1611. Congestion A characteristic of the transmission system produced by a constraint on the optimum economic operation of the power system, such that the marginal price…
1612. congestion level indicator (CLI) A local variable of a node that indicates the number of blocks to be dropped from packets containing droppable blocks (0, 1, 2, or 3 blocks may be…
1613. connect signal An off-hook condition applied to the network interface (NI) by the network that indicated the network intends to complete a call attempt to the customer…
1614. connect time The amount of time that a terminal (client) is being served by a network. [Bahorsky] Note: Connect time can refer to either the total amount of time that…
1615. connecting arrangement In the public switched telephone networks, the equipment provided by a common carrier to accomplish electrical interconnection between customer-provided…
1616. connection The physical connection (e.g. transmission lines, transformers, switch gear, etc.
1617. connection control The set of functions used for setting up, maintaining, and releasing a communication path between two or more users or a user and a network entity, e.g.
1618. connection endpoint (CE) A terminating device at one end of a layer connection within a service access point (SAP). [After T1.627-1993]
1619. connection establishment The establishment of the capability for the transmission of user information. [T1.507-1996]
1620. connection identification A number that identifies unambiguously a certain connection at the interface between the signaling connection control plan (SCCP) and a user function. [T1.
1621. connection mode See connection-oriented mode transmission, connection-oriented network service.
1622. connection-in-progress signal A call control signal at the data circuit-terminating-equipment/data-terminal-equipment (DCE/DTE) interface that indicates to the DTE that the…
1623. connection-minute The product of (a) the number of messages and, (b) the average minutes of connection per message. [47 CFR Pt.36-A]
1624. connection-mode transmission See connection-oriented mode transmission.
1625. connection-oriented data transfer protocol A data-transfer protocol in which a logical connection is established between end user terminals.
1626. connection-oriented mode transmission In a packet-switched network, a mode of transmission in which there is a complete information transfer transaction for each packet or group of packets, i.
1627. connection-oriented network service A network service that establishes logical connections between end users before transferring information. [T1.110-1987]
1628. connectionless data transfer See connectionless mode transmission.
1629. connectionless mode transmission In a packet-switched network, transmission in which each packet is encoded with a header containing a destination address sufficient to permit the…
1630. connectionless network service A network service that transfers information between end users without establishing a logical connection or virtual circuit between those specific users.
1631. connectionless service A service that allows the transfer of information among subscribers without the need for end-to-end establishment procedures. [T1.629-1999]
1632. connectionless transmission See connectionless mode transmission.
1633. connections per circuit hour (CCH) A unit of traffic measurement expressed as the number of connections established at a switching point per hour. 2.
1634. connectivity The topological identification of connected arcs by recording the from- and to-node for each arc. Arcs that share a common node are connected.
1635. connectivity exchange (CONEX) In an adaptive or manually operated high-frequency (HF) radio network, the automatic or manual exchange of information concerning routes to stations that…
1636. connector A hold'em starting hand in which the two cards are one apart in rank. Examples: KQs, 76.
1637. conservation of radiance A basic principle of optics, that no passive optical system can increase the quantity L/n2, where L is the radiance of a beam and n is the local…
1638. consolidated carrier A carrier authorized to provide telecommunications services both within and outside World Zone 1 using the yyNorth American Numbering Plan (NANP)and the…
1639. consolidated local telecommunications service Local communications service provided by GSA to all Federal agencies located in a building, complex, or geographical area.
1640. constant luminance In video, an image coding system that derives a luminance signal and two bandwidth-limited color-difference signals, to provide luminance information that…
1641. Construction The process of creating a Target of Evaluation [ITSEC].
1642. consultation hold A service feature that allows a speaker on an extension instrument to place one call on hold and to speak with another caller on a separate line.
1643. Contamination To make impure, infected, corrupt, etc, by contact with or addition of something; to pollute something.
1644. content In an XML document, the part that occurs after the prolog, including the root element and everything it contains.
1645. content hierarchy levels The nested units of information into which a media stream can be decomposed. [T1.801.04-1997]
1646. content hosting (hosting) Storage and management of databases by a content provider. [2382-pt.35]
1647. content label A rating provided by a rating service that defines or categorizes the contents of a Web site. [Bahorsky]
1648. content provider Any company in the business of aggregating or producing content for delivery via the Internet.
1649. content-addressable storage Synonym associative storage.
1650. contention A condition that arises when two or more data stations attempt to transmit at the same time over a shared channel, or when two data stations attempt to…
1651. contextual information Data about the creation, receipt, storage, or use of a document and its relationship to other records See also metadata.
1652. contingency key [A] key held for use under specific operational conditions or in support of specific contingency plans. [INFOSEC-99]
1653. Contingency Plan Management policy and procedures designed to maintain or restore business operations, including computer operations, possibly at an alternate location, in…
1654. contingency procedure A procedure that is an alternative to the normal path of a process if an unusual but anticipated situation occurs. [2382-pt.8]
1655. continuity check A check made of a circuit to verify that a communication or power path exists.
1656. continuity check transponder A device that is used to interconnect the Go and Return paths of a circuit at the incoming end, and through which the detection of an incoming check tone…
1657. continuous operation Operation in which certain components, such as nodes, facilities, circuits, or equipment, are in an operational state at all times.
1658. continuous presence In teleconferencing, the concurrent presence of two or more video images, such as two images that may appear on a single monitor on a split screen or on…
1659. Continuous Tone An image (e.g. a photograph) which has all the values of gray from white to black.
1660. continuous tone copy In facsimile, an object, i.e., an original, or a recorded copy, that contains shades of gray, i.e.
1661. continuous wave (cw) A wave of constant amplitude and constant frequency.
1662. continuously variable slope delta (CVSD) modulation A type of delta modulation in which the size of the steps of the approximated signal is progressively increased or decreased as required to make the…
1663. contouring In digital facsimile, density step lines in the recorded copy resulting from analog-to-digital conversion when the object, i.e.
1664. Contrast The difference between the brightness of an object compared to that of its immediate background.
1665. contribution In B-ISDN applications, the use of broadband transmission of audio or video information to the user for post-production processing and distribution.
1666. control attribute package A collection of control attributes associated with a security object [ECMA138].
1667. control attributes 1. Attributes, associated with a security object, that when matched against the privilege attributes of a security subject, are used to grant or deny…
1668. control ball Synonym trackball.
1669. control character A character that initiates, modifies, or stops a function, event, operation, or control operation.
1670. control communications The branch of technology devoted to the design, development, and application of communications facilities used specifically for control purposes, such as…
1671. control field In a protocol data unit (PDU), the field that (a) contains data interpreted by the receiving destination logical-link controller (LLC) and (b) may be the…
1672. control function Synonym control operation.
1673. control monitor In computers and networks, the device that displays the progress or status of the overriding software or procedures. 2.
1674. control of electromagnetic radiation Measures taken to minimize unintended electromagnetic radiation emanating from a system or component and to minimize electromagnetic interference.
1675. control operation An operation that affects the recording, processing, transmission, or interpretation of data.
1676. Control Station The station on a network, which supervises the network control procedures such as polling, selecting, and recovery.
1677. control track The magnetized portion along the length of a videotape on which synchronous control information is placed; the control track contains a pulse for each…
1678. controlled access Access in which the resources of an area or system is limited to authorized personnel, users, programs, processes, or other systems, and denied to all…
1679. controlled area An area (a) in which uncontrolled movement will not result in compromise of classified information, (b) that is designed to provide administrative control…
1680. controlled cryptographic item (CCI) Secure telecommunications or information handling equipment, or associated cryptographic component, that is unclassified but governed by a special set of…
1681. controlled not-ready signal A signal, sent in the backward direction, to indicate that a call cannot be completed because the called line is not in a ready condition, but is under…
1682. controlled rerouting A procedure of transferring, in a controlled way, signaling traffic from an alternative signaling route to the normal signaling route when the latter…
1683. controlled security mode See controlled security operation, multilevel security.
1684. controlled security operation In a communications system, operation in which (a) internal security controls prevent inadvertent disclosures, (b) personnel, physical, and administrative…
1685. controlled sharing [A] condition existing when access control is applied to all users and components of an information system (IS). [INFOSEC-99]
1686. controlled space Three-dimensional space surrounding information-system (IS) equipment, within which unauthorized persons are denied unrestricted access and are either…
1687. controller An adapter card, RAID controller, or other module that interprets signals between a host and a eripheral device.
1688. controlling authority [In cryptosystems, the] official responsible for directing the operation of a cryptonet and for managing the operational use and control of keying…
1689. Convergence Integration of computing, communications and broadcasting systems.
1690. convergence point A network point at which two or more possible routes through different intermediate networks from the origination network to destination network converge.
1691. conversation-minute The product of (a) the number of messages and, (b) the average minutes of conversation per message. [47 CFR Pt.36-A]
1692. conversation-minute-kilometers The product of (a) the number of messages, (b) the average minutes of conversation per message, and (c) the average route kilometers of circuits involved.
1693. conversational hypertext access technology (chat) See chat.
1694. conversational mode A mode of communication analogous to a conversation between two persons.
1695. conversational service In telecommunications, a service that provides two-way, interactive, real-time, end-to-end information transfer.
1696. Conversion Timing The actual agreed upon scheduled date and time to commence cutover in a coordinated conversion.
1697. convolutional code A type of error-correction code in which (a) each m-bit information symbol (each m-bit string) to be encoded is transformed into an n-bit symbol, where…
1698. convoy internal communications In a land or maritime convoy, communications (a) that is among the elements of the convoy, (b) includes radio, visual, and sound transmissions, (c) in…
1699. Cookie A message given to a Web browser by a Web server. The browser stores the message in a text file.
1700. cooperation factor In facsimile systems, the product of the total scanning length and the scanning density, given by CF = L, where L is the scanning line length and is the…