Telecommunications — page 6 of 85

Telecommunications terms

501. audit trail examiner function >A function that builds security reports out of one or more security audit trails [10181-7].
502. audit trail provider function A function that provides security audit trails according to some criteria [10181-7].
503. AUI Abbreviation for attachment unit interface.
504. Aurora A display of colored light in the atmosphere, caused by collisions between charged particles from a planet’s magnetosphere and atmospheric gases near…
505. Authenticate To confirm the identity of an entity when that identity is presented.
506. authenticated identity >An identity of a principal that has been assured through authentication [10181-2].
507. authentication The process of validating the credentials of a person, computer process, or device.
508. authentication algorithm An encryption process or tool in which the results of text encryption depend on all relevant authentication elements. [After X9.24]
509. authentication authority An authority recognized in a security domain as a source of certified identities.(See also Subject Authority) [ECMA138].
510. authentication certificate Authentication information in the form of a security certificate which may be used to assure the identity of an entity guaranteed by an authentication…
511. authentication element A contiguous group of characters or bits that are corruption-protected by being processed by the authentication algorithm. [After X9.24]
512. authentication exchange 1. A mechanism intended to ensure the identity of an entity by means of an information exchange. [2382-pt.8] 2.
513. authentication information 1. Information used to establish the validity of a claimed identity of an entity. [2382-pt.8] 2.
514. authentication initiator The entity which starts an authentication exchange [10181-2].
515. authentication key A (data-encryption algorithm) key used to authenticate data in accordance with specific encryption standards. [After X9.26]
516. authentication policy A set of rules, part of an access control policy, by which credentials are matched against claims of identity [ECMATR46].
517. authentication responder The entity which receives the first transfer of exchange AI in an authentication exchange [10181-2].
518. authentication system [A] cryptosystem or process used for authentication. [INFOSEC-99]
519. authenticator A symbol or group of symbols, or a series of bits, selected or derived in a prearranged manner and usually inserted at a predetermined point within a…
520. Authority One dimension of search relevancy. This indicates that the document is considered to be an authority for this query.
521. Authorization The issuance of approval, by a credit card issuer, merchant, or other affiliate, to complete a credit card transaction.
522. authorization certificate Any of several types of attribute certificates containing information used in the authorization process.
523. authorization policy A set of rules, part of an access control policy, by which access by security subjects to security objects is granted or denied.
524. authorized bandwidth Authorized bandwidth is, for purposes of this Manual, the necessary bandwidth (bandwidth required for transmission and reception of intelligence) and does…
525. authorized frequency A frequency that is allocated and assigned by a competent authority to a specific user for a specific purpose. 2.
526. authorized signatory The highest level issuer of authorization certificates in an organization. Note: Authorized signatories are designated in a signatory certificate, which…
527. Authorized user If you ask us to issue a credit card on this account to another person, he or she is an authorized user.
528. auto-reply In e-mail systems, a message sent automatically upon receipt of incoming e-mail.
529. AUTODIN Acronym for automatic digital network. See Defense Data Network.
530. automated data medium Synonym machine-readable medium.
531. automated information system (AIS) An assembly of computer hardware, software, firmware, or any combination of these, configured to accomplish specific information-handling operations, such…
532. automated information systems security Measures and controls that ensure confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the information processed and stored by automated information systems.
533. automated maritime telecommunications system (AMTS) An automatic, integrated and interconnected maritime communications system serving ship stations on specified inland and coastal waters of the United…
534. automated radio A radio that can be automatically controlled by electronic devices and that requires little or no human intervention.
535. automated security monitoring Use of automated procedures to ensure security controls are not circumvented or the use of these tools to track actions taken by subjects suspected of…
536. automated tactical command and control system A command and control system, or part thereof, that manipulates the movement of information from source to user without human intervention.
537. automatic answering A service feature in which the called terminal automatically responds to the calling signal and the call may be established whether or not the called…
538. automatic call distributor (ACD) A device that distributes incoming calls to a specific group of terminals. Note: If the number of active calls is less than the number of terminals, the…
539. automatic callback A service feature that permits a user, when encountering a busy condition, to instruct the system to retain the called and calling numbers and to…
540. automatic calling Calling in which the elements of the selection signal are entered into the data network contiguously at the full data signaling rate.
541. automatic calling unit (ACU) A device that enables equipment, such as computers and card dialers, to originate calls automatically over a telecommunications network.
542. Automatic Code Gap (ACG) ACG is a code control that is implemented automatically in response to a request from a database to limit traffic.
543. Automatic Congestion Control ACC is a two-part feature. In order for ACC to function properly it must be implemented in the originating and terminating nodes of an interconnected…
544. automatic data handling (ADH) A generalization of automatic data processing to include the aspect of data transfer. [JP1] 2. Combining data processing and data transfer.
545. automatic data processing (ADP) An interacting assembly of procedures, processes, methods, personnel, and equipment to perform automatically a series of data processing operations on…
546. automatic data processing (ADP) system >An assembly of computer hardware, firmware, and software configured for the purpose of classifying, sorting, calculating, computing, summarizing…
547. automatic data processing equipment (ADPE) Any equipment or interconnected system or subsystems of equipment that is used in the automatic acquisition, storage, manipulation, management, movement…
548. automatic dialing See automatic calling unit.
549. Automatic Digital Network (AUTODIN) Formerly, a worldwide data communications network of the Defense Communications System, now replaced by the Defense Switched Network (DSN).
550. automatic error correction See error-correcting code.
551. automatic exchange In a telephone system, an exchange in which communications among users are effected by means of switches set in operation by the originating user…
552. automatic frequency control (AFC) A device or circuit that maintains the frequency of an oscillator within the specified limits with respect to a reference frequency.
553. automatic function A machine function or series of machine functions controlled by a program and carried out without assistance of an operator.
554. automatic gain control (AGC) A process or means by which gain is automatically adjusted in a specified manner as a function of a specified parameter, such as received signal level.
555. automatic identified outward dialing (AIOD) A service feature of some switching or terminal devices that provides the user with an itemized statement of usage on directly dialed calls.
556. automatic link establishment (ALE) In high-frequency (HF) radio, the capability of a station to make contact, or initiate a circuit, between itself and another specified radio station…
557. automatic link transfer Automatic rerouting of the radio portion of a call for signal quality, traffic management, or other reasons. [T1.702-1995]
558. automatic message accounting (AMA) A service feature that automatically records data regarding user-dialed calls.
559. automatic message exchange (AME) In an adaptive high-frequency (HF) radio network, an automated process allowing the transfer of a message from message injection to addressee reception…
560. automatic message processing system (AMPS) Any organized assembly of resources and methods used to collect, process, and distribute messages largely by automatic means. [JP1]
561. automatic number identification (ANI) A service feature in which the directory number or equipment number of a calling station is automatically obtained.
562. automatic operation The functioning of systems, equipment, or processes in a desired manner at the proper time under control of mechanical or electronic devices that operate…
563. automatic personal deregistration The process by which a user's location registration is automatically canceled without any explicit action from the user. [T1.Rpt34-1994]
564. automatic personal registration The process by which a user's location registration is automatically updated without any explicit action from the user. [T1.Rpt34-1994]
565. automatic redial : A service feature that allows the user to dial, by depressing a single key or a few keys, the most recent telephone number dialed at that instrument.
566. automatic reload See bootstrap.
567. automatic remote rekeying [In INFOSEC, a] procedure to rekey a distant crypto-equipment electronically without specific actions by the receiving terminal operator.
568. automatic remote reprogramming and rekeying The procedure by which distant equipment is reprogrammed or rekeyed electronically without specific actions by the receiving terminal.
569. automatic repeat-request (ARQ) See ARQ.
570. automatic ringdown circuit A circuit providing priority telephone service, typically for key personnel; the circuit is activated when the telephone handset is removed from the…
571. automatic route selection (ARS) Electronic or mechanical selection and routing of outgoing calls without human intervention.
572. Automatic Scheduled Testing Automatic Scheduled Testing (AST) of Switched Access Services (Feature Groups B, C and D), where the customer provides remote office test lines and 105…
573. Automatic Secure Voice Communications Network (AUTOSEVOCOM) A worldwide, switched, secure voice network developed to fulfill DOD long-haul, secure voice requirements. [JP1]
574. automatic sequential connection A service feature in which the terminals at each of a set of specified addresses are automatically connected, in a predetermined sequence, to a single…
575. automatic signaling service Synonym hotline.
576. automatic sounding The testing of selected channels or paths by providing a very brief beacon-like identifying broadcast that may be used by other stations to evaluate…
577. automatic switching system In data communications, a switching system in which all the operations required to execute the three phases of information-transfer transactions are…
578. Automatic Voice Network (AUTOVON) Formerly, the principal long-haul, unsecure voice communications network within the Defense Communications System, now replaced by the Defense Switched…
579. Automation The replacement of manual operations by computerized methods. Automation can both improve efficiency and reduce errors brought on by manual intervention.
580. autonomous system Internet (TCP/IP) terminology for a collection of gateways (routers) that fall under one administrative entity and that cooperate using a common interior…
581. AUTOSEVOCOM Acronym for Automatic Secure Voice Communications Network.
582. AUTOVON Acronym for Automatic Voice Network. Superseded by Defense Switched Network.
583. auxiliary operation An offline operation performed by equipment not under control of the processing unit.
584. auxiliary power Electric power that is provided by an alternate source and that serves as backup for the primary power source at the station main bus or prescribed…
585. auxiliary storage Storage that is available to a processor only through its input/output channels. 2. In a computer, any storage that is not internal memory, i.e.
586. Availability A reflection of the form and location of nutritional elements and their suitability for absorption.
587. available line In voice, video, or data communications, a circuit between two points that is ready for service, but is in the idle state. 2.
588. Available Numbers Available numbers are numbers that are available for assignment to subscriber access lines, or their equivalents, within a switching entity or point of…
589. available state A state where a (bidirectional or unidirectional) service is usable. Note: Each direction of a service is assumed to be in the available state unless a…
590. available time From the point of view of a user, the time during which a functional unit can be used.
591. avalanche multiplication A current-multiplying phenomenon that occurs in a semiconductor photodiode that is reverse-biased just below its breakdown voltage.
592. avalanche photodiode (APD) A photodiode that operates with a reverse-bias voltage that causes the primary photocurrent to undergo amplification by cumulative multiplication of…
593. Avatar Your character
594. average picture level (APL) In video systems, the average level of the picture signal during active scanning time integrated over a frame period; defined as a percentage of the range…
595. average rate of transmission Synonym effective transmission rate.
596. AVI (.avi) Abbreviation for audio video interleaved. A file-name extension used to indicate a compressed video file in the AVI standard for a common operating system.
597. AVK Abbreviation for audio video kernel. Digital video interface (.dvi) software designed for playing motion video and audio across several different…
598. avoidance routing The assignment of a circuit path to avoid certain critical or trouble-prone circuit nodes.
599. AVSS Abbreviation for audio-video support system. A digital video interface system software (for DOS) that plays motion video and audio. [After Silicon]
600. AWG The abbreviation for American Wire Gauge; the standard for gauging the size of wires (electrical conductors).