Microsoft Windows terms starting with S

72 terms

SA (1) Situation Awareness (2) Secretary of the Army.
SASL See definition for: Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL)
Scalability The capacity of a system to expand without requiring major reconfiguration or re-entry of data.
Schema A set of rules or conceptual model for data structure and content, such as a description of the data content and relationships in a database.
Schema cache An in-memory copy of the schema on the domain controller. To improve performance on schema operations (such as new object validation), each domain…
Schema Master The domain controller assigned to control all updates to the schema within a forest. At any time, there can be only one schema master in the forest.
Schema partition The schema directory partition holds the definitions for the type of data that can be held by the directory store.
Scope of Active Directory The naming boundary for a given forest.
Seal To mark a document with a seal; to authenticate or make binding by affixing a seal. Court seal, corporate seal.
secure desktop A desktop that is isolated from other processes running on the system. The secure desktop increases the security of the elevation prompt.
Secure Hash Algorithm An algorithm that generates a 160-bit hash value from an arbitrary amount of input data.
Secure Network A logical portion of a network that client computers can access if they either meet corporate health policy or are exempt from meeting corporate health…
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) A protocol that provides secure data communication through data encryption. This protocol enables authentication, integrity, and data privacy over…
security association A combination of identifiers, which together define Internet Protocol security (IPsec), that protects communication between sender and receiver.
security context The security attributes or rules that are currently in effect. For example, the rules that govern what a user can do to a protected object are determined…
Security descriptor A data structure that contains security information associated with a protected object.
Security Groups Groups that can be used to organize users and domain objects, thus simplifying administration.
Security Identifier (SID) In Windows-based systems, a unique value that identifies a user, group, or computer account within an enterprise.
Security package The software implementation of a security protocol. Security packages are contained in security support provider dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) or in…
Security policies Global domain security rules.
Security principal In Windows-based systems, a user, group, or computer that is automatically assigned a security identifier (SID) to control access to resources.
Security protocol A specification that defines security-related data objects and rules about how the objects are used to maintain security on a computer system.
Security Support Provider (SSP) A dynamic-link library (DLL) that implements the Security Support Provider Interface (SSPI) by making one or more security packages available to…
Security Support Provider Interface (SSPI) A common interface between transport-level applications, such as Microsoft Remote Procedure Call (RPC), and security support providers (SSPs), such as…
Security Template A physical file representation of a security configuration that can be applied to a local computer or imported to a Group Policy object in Active…
security token A cryptographically signed data unit that expresses one or more claims.
security token service A Web service that issues security tokens. A security token service makes assertions based on evidence that it trusts to whoever trusts it.
server authentication certificate In AD FS, a certificate that AD FS-enabled Web servers, federation servers, and federation server proxies use to secure Web services traffic for…
server cluster A group of computers, known as nodes, that work together as a single system to ensure that mission-critical applications and resources remain available to…
server farm A centralized grouping of network servers maintained by an enterprise or, often, an Internet service provider (ISP).
Server Manager An expanded Microsoft Management Console (MMC) component available in Windows Server that provides a single source for securely deploying and managing…
Server Manager command line tool A command line tool that automates the deployment of roles and features on computers running Windows Server.
server pool A group of computers, known as nodes, or terminal servers working together as a single system to ensure that mission-critical applications and resources…
ServerManagerCmd.exe A command line tool that automates the deployment of roles and features on computers running Windows Server.
Service See Services
service account A Windows Server 2003 or Windows 2000 user account that is used to run some Exchange services. [Exchange 2003]
Service Principal Name (SPN) A way of referring to a service principal. SPN structures generally follow Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) naming conventions, and they often…
SGCD Single Global Child Domain
SHA A client software component that declares a client's health state (by providing a statement of health) to a NAP agent.
SHA-1 Secure Hash Algorithm, for computing a condensed representation of a message or a data file specified by FIPS PUB 180-1.
SHV A server software counterpart to a system health agent (SHA). A system health validator verifies the statement of health (SoH) made by its respective SHA.
SID See definition for: security ID (SID)
SID filter quarantining A strict form of security identifier (SID) filtering that is applied to external trust relationships by default, which prevents any SIDs that are not part…
SID filtering A security enhancement that is applied to all Active Directory trust relationships to reduce the possibility of escalation of privilege attacks from…
Signature See Certificate.
Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL) An open framework, described in Request for Comments (RFC) 2222, for adding authentication support to connection-based protocols.
single sign-on A process that enables a user with a domain account to log on to a network once, using a password or smart card, and to gain access to any computer in the…
Single-master operations Active Directory operations that are single-master, that is, not permitted to occur at different places in the network at the same time.
Site In archeology, any location of past human activity.
Site Link An object in Active Directory that contains information about the link between two Active Directory sites.
Site topology Determines how each of the database containers will be linked to the others for replication purposes.
Slack Space A form of residual data, slack space is the amount of on-disk file space from the end of the logical record information to the end of the physical disk…
SOH A declaration from a client computer that asserts the computer's health status.
SoHR The validation of a statement of health (SoH) that a system health validator (SHV) produces and sends to the NAP administration server.
split access token A combination of full access token and filtered access token linked together by the local security authority (LSA) component of the operating system.
SSL See definition for: Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
SSO Special Security Office.
SSP Shortened Statutory Period -- see MPEP §710.02(b) for more
SSPI See definition for: Security Support Provider Interface (SSPI)
staged read-only domain controller installation A process in which a read-only domain controller (RODC) is installed in two stages.
staged RODC installation A process in which a read-only domain controller (RODC) is installed in two stages.
standard user A user account in the Users group that has a full privilege access token. The standard user is not an administrator and is not a member of any local…
Standard User Analyzer An add-in for AppVerifier that predicts whether an application will perform correctly when run as a standard user or as an administrator with a filtered…
startup key A key that is stored on a USB flash drive that must be inserted each time the computer starts.
statement of health A declaration from a client computer that asserts the computer's health status.
statement of health response The validation of a statement of health (SoH) that a system health validator (SHV) produces and sends to the NAP administration server.
STS See Sequence\-tagged site.
Synchronization For data streams, the process whereby a received set of data is placed in one to one correspondence with the data assumed to have been transmitted.
SYSKEY A tool used to configure the startup key, a random, 128-bit, symmetric cryptographic key created at system startup and used to encrypt all of the user`s…
system health agent A client software component that declares a client's health state (by providing a statement of health) to a NAP agent.
system health validator A server software counterpart to a system health agent (SHA). A system health validator verifies the statement of health (SoH) made by its respective SHA.
system volume The first volume that is accessed when a computer starts up. This volume contains the hardware-specific files that are required to load Windows and…