ExpertGlossary terms starting with C

4,595 terms

  1. CDSSI Common Data Sharing System Infrastructure.
  2. CDT Central Daylight Time
  3. CDT&E Contractor Development Test and Evaluation.
  4. CDV Concept Definition Vehicle.
  5. CE (1) Concurrent Engineering. (2) Communications Enhancements (PATRIOT). (3) Corps of Engineers/Civil Engineers. (4) Current Estimate.
  6. CE&T Common Environments & Tools
  7. CE/D Concept Exploration/Definition Phase.
  8. CEA A substance that is sometimes found in an increased amount in the blood of people who have certain cancers, other diseases, or who smoke.
  9. CEA assay A laboratory test to measure carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a substance that is sometimes found in an increased amount in the blood of people who have…
  10. CEAR Certificate of Excellence in Accountability Reporting
  11. Cease and Desist Letter A letter requesting that a company stops the activity mentioned in the letter.
  12. Cease Engagement In air defense, a fire control order used to direct units to stop the firing sequence against a designated target.
  13. Cease Fire A command given to refrain from firing on, but to continue to track objects. Missiles already in flight will be permitted to continue to intercept.
  14. CEATM Cost Effectiveness At The Margin.
  15. CEC Cooperative Engagement Capability.
  16. CECOM U.S. Army Communications Electronics Command, Ft. Monmouth, NJ.
  17. cecum (SEE-kum) A pouch that forms the first part of the large intestine. It connects the small intestine to the colon, which is part of the large intestine.
  18. CED Concept Exploration and Development.
  19. cedarwood (SEE-der-WOOD) A type of evergreen tree with hard fragrant wood that is a member of the cypress family.
  20. cediranib (seh-DIR-uh-nib) A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer.
  21. CEEM Cost-Effectiveness Evaluation Model.
  22. cefepime A drug used to treat infection. It belongs to the family of drugs called cephalosporin antibiotics.
  23. cefixime An antibiotic drug used to treat infection. It belongs to the family of drugs called cephalosporins.
  24. ceftriaxone A drug used to treat infection. It belongs to the family of drugs called cephalosporin antibiotics.
  25. CEI Abbreviation for comparably efficient interconnection.
  26. Ceiling If there is an upper limit, or cap, on the interest rate you can be charged on an adjustable-rate loan, it's known as a ceiling.
  27. Ceiling Fan A mechanical device used for air circulation and to provide cooling.
  28. Ceilometer A device using a laser or other light source to determine the height of a cloud base.
  29. CEIP A Microsoft program that invites customers to provide Microsoft with more detailed information about how the software is used including the type and…
  30. celecoxib (SEL-uh-KOK-sib) A drug that reduces pain. Celecoxib belongs to the family of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents.
  31. Celexa A drug used to treat depression. It belongs to the families of drugs called antidepressant agents and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).
  32. celiac disease A digestive disease that is caused by an immune response to a protein called gluten, which is found in wheat, rye, barley, and oats.
  33. Cell The fundamental level of structural organization in complex organisms. Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus (with chromosome s) and cytoplasm with the…
  34. cell (sel) The individual unit that makes up the tissues of the body. All living things are made up of one or more cells.
  35. Cell (solar) See Photovoltaic (PV) cell
  36. Cell culture (SEL KUL-chur) The growth of microorganisms such as bacteria and yeast, or human, plant, or animal cells in the laboratory.
  37. cell cycle (SEL SY-kul) The process a cell goes through each time it divides. The cell cycle consists of a series of steps during which the chromosomes and other…
  38. cell delay variation A quantification of variability in cell delay for an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) layer connection. [T1.630-1999]
  39. cell delineation The identification of the asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) cell boundaries within a cell stream. [T1.646-1995]
  40. cell differentiation The process during which young, immature (unspecialized) cells take on individual characteristics and reach their mature (specialized) form and function.
  41. Cell division Formation of two or more daughter cells from a single parent cell. The nucleus divides first, followed by the formation of a cell membrane between the…
  42. cell fusion Formation in vitro of a single hybrid cell from the coalescence of two cells of different species origin.
  43. cell generation time The interval between the beginning of consecutive divisions of a cell, equivalent to the time that it takes for a population of single-celled organisms to…
  44. cell header Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) layer protocol control information that precedes user data. [After T1.627-1993]
  45. cell hybridization See: cell fusion.
  46. Cell line 1. A cell lineage that can be maintained in vitro. Significant genetic changes can occur during lengthy periods in culture, so that the genotype of…
  47. cell loss ratio 1. In a network, the ratio (1- x/y), where: y is the number of cells that arrive in an interval at the ingress of the network; and x is the number of…
  48. cell membrane See: plasmalemma.
  49. cell motility The ability of a cell to move.
  50. cell number The number of cells per unit volume of a culture.
  51. cell plate The precursor of the cell wall, formed at the beginning of cell division. The cell plate develops in the region of the equatorial plate and arises from…
  52. cell proliferation (SEL proh-LIH-fuh-RAY-shun) An increase in the number of cells as a result of cell growth and cell division.
  53. cell relay A statistically multiplexed interface protocol for packet switched data communications that uses fixed-length packets, i.e., cells, to transport data.
  54. cell respiration A chemical process in which oxygen is used to make energy from carbohydrates (sugars).
  55. cell sap Water and dissolved substances, sugar, amino acids, waste substances, etc., in the plant cell vacuole.
  56. cell selection The process of selecting cells exhibiting specific traits within a group of genetically different cells.
  57. cell sorter See: fluorescence-activated cell sorting, flow cytometry.
  58. cell strain An in vitro culture initiated by asexual reproduction from a single cell. Such cell lines should represent a population of genetically homogenous cells.
  59. cell suspension Cells in culture in moving or shaking liquid medium, often used to describe suspension cultures of single cells and cell aggregates.
  60. Cell type A specific subset of cells within the body, defined by their appearance, location and function.
  61. cell wall A rigid external structure which surrounds plant cells. It is formed outside the plasmalemma and consists primarily of cellulose.
  62. Cell-based therapies Treatment in which stem cells are induced to differentiate into the specific cell type required to repair damaged or destroyed cells or tissues.
  63. cell-cycle regulation Any process that controls the series of events by which a cell goes through the cell cycle.
  64. cell-free protein synthesis See: in vitro translation.
  65. cell-free transcription See: in vitro transcription.
  66. cell-free translation See: in vitro translation.
  67. cell-mediated (cellular) immune response See: T-cell-mediated (cellular) immune response.
  68. cell-to-cell signaling The transfer of information from one cell to another.
  69. CellCept (SEL-sept) A drug used to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after organ transplants.
  70. cellular Refers to communications systems, especially the Advance Mobile Phone Service (AMPS), that divide a geographic region into sections, called cells.
  71. cellular adhesion (SEL-yoo-ler ad-HEE-zhun) The close adherence (bonding) to adjoining cell surfaces.
  72. cellular adoptive immunotherapy (SEL-yoo-ler uh-DOP-tiv IH-myoo-noh-THAYR-uh-pee) A treatment used to help the immune system fight cancer.
  73. Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD) A wireless communications protocol being used by many law enforcement agencies for mobile computer communications.
  74. Cellular gravity dam. See hollow gravity dam.
  75. cellular metabolism (SEL-yoo-ler meh-TA-buh-lih-zum) The sum of all chemical changes that take place in a cell through which energy and basic components are provided for…
  76. cellular mobile A mobile communications system that uses a combination of radio transmission and conventional telephone switching to permit telephone communication to and…
  77. cellular oncogene See: proto-oncogene.
  78. Cellular oncogene (proto-oncogene) A normal gene that when mutated or improperly expressed contributes to the development of cancer. (See Oncogene.)
  79. cellular phone Synonym cellular mobile.
  80. cellular radio Synonym cellular mobile.
  81. cellular technology In telephony, a generic term for all wireless phones, regardless of the technology they use; the term derives from cellular base stations that receive and…
  82. cellular telephone Synonym cellular mobile.
  83. Cellular therapy A field of medicine that uses cells to repair tissues that have been damaged by human disease or to generate new tissues with desired functional…
  84. Cellulase Enzyme catalysing the breakdown of cellulose.
  85. cellulitis An acute, spreading infection of the deep tissues of the skin and muscle that causes the skin to become warm and tender and may also cause fever, chills…
  86. Cellulose (SEL-yoo-lose) A building block of plant cells and fiber. Cellulose cannot be digested by people, and is used to add bulk to the diet.
  87. Cellulose Insulation A type of insulation composed of waste newspaper, cardboard, or other forms of waste paper.
  88. cellulose nitrate See: nitrocellulose.
  89. cellulosome A multi-protein aggregate present in some micro-organisms which degrade cellulose.
  90. CELP Acronym for code-excited linear prediction.
  91. CELSA Cost Estimate Logistics Support Analysis. [Methodology for estimating logistics support costs].
  92. Celsius The standard scale used to measure temperature in most areas outside the United States.
  93. Celsius (C), (°C) Unit of temperature. Degrees Celsius equals (5/9)x(degrees Fahrenheit-32).
  94. CELV Complementary Expendable Launch Vehicle.
  95. CEM Civil Emergency Message. A message issued by the National Weather Service in coordination with Federal, state or local government to warn the general…
  96. Cenozoic An era of geologic time from the beginning of the Tertiary period (65 million years ago) to the present. Its name is from the Greek and it means "new life.
  97. Censure An official reprimand or condemnation of an attorney. See disbarment or suspension.
  98. Census An official count of the number of people in a region. The federal census is done by the federal government every 10 years.
  99. Census block Census blocks are defined by the U.S. Bureau of Census and are the smallest geographic unit for which the Census Bureau tabulates data.
  100. Census block groups Geographic entities consisting of groups of individual census blocks. Census blocks are grouped together so that they contain between 250 and 550 housing…