ExpertGlossary terms starting with G

1,349 terms

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G Abbreviation for guanine.
G cap The 5'-terminal methylated guanine nucleoside that is present on many eukaryotic mRNA s. It is joined to the mRNA, via a 5'?
G protein Proteins found on the inner surface of the plasma membrane, which bind to the guanine nucleotides, GTP and GDP.
G&C Guidance and Control.
G&O Goals and Objectives.
G-CSF A colony-stimulating factor that stimulates the production of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell).
G-protein coupled receptor See: G protein.
G/A Ground-to-Air
G/G Ground-to-Ground.
G/KG Grams per Kilogram
G6PD deficiency An inherited abnormality that causes the loss of a red blood cell enzyme. People who are G6PD deficient should not take the antimalarial drug primaquine.
GA General Availability. An FCS release that has demonstrated high availability and reliability over a sufficient number of customer sites.
GAA configuration file A file that configures the Generic Authorization and Access control GAA libraries.
GaAs Gallium Arsenide.
gabapentin A substance that is being studied as a treatment for relieving hot flashes in women with breast cancer.
Gabion Wire basket, filled with stones, used to stabilize banks of a water course and to enhance habitat.
Gabion dam Special name given to a crib dam when built with gabions. See dam.
Gable The upper portion of an end wall formed by the slope of a roof.
GAD A condition marked by excessive worry and feelings of fear, dread, and uneasiness that last six months or longer.
gadolinium (GA-duh-LIH-nee-um) A metal element that is used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and other imaging methods.
gadolinium texaphyrin (GA-doh-LIH-nee-um tek-SA-fih-rin) A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer.
gadopentetate dimeglumine (GAD-oh-PEN-teh-tayt dy-MEG-loo-meen) A substance used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to help make clear pictures of the brain, spine, heart, soft…
Gaffed Wheel A wheel that has been rigged (by either player or the casino).
Gage (1) A device for indicating the magnitude or position of a thing in specific units, when such magnitude or position undergoes change, for example: The…
Gage (Gauge) A scale graduated in tenths of a foot which indicates the water level or river Stage.
Gage Datum The arbitrary zero datum elevation which all stage measurements are made from.
Gage Height The water-surface elevation referred to some arbitrary gage datum. Gage height is often used interchangeably with the more general term stage, although…
Gage height (G.H.) The water surface elevation referred to some arbitrary gage datum. Gage height is often used interchangeably with the more general term "stage," although…
Gage Zero The elevation of zero stage. (Same as gage datum.)
Gaging Station A particular site on a stream, canal, lake, or reservoir where systematic observations of hydrologic data are obtained.
Gail model A computer program that uses personal and family history to estimate a woman's chance of developing breast cancer.
gain The ratio of output current, voltage, or power to input current, voltage, or power, respectively. Note 1: Gain is usually expressed in dB.
gain hit See yyhit.
gain medium An active medium, device, or system in which amplification of input occurs with or without feedback.
gain of an antenna Synonym antenna gain.
Gainer Stocks that increase in value over the course of the trading day are described as gainers or advancers.
Gaining stream Stream or reach that receives water from the zone of saturation.
Gait An individual's manner of walking. This behavioral characteristic is in the research and development stage of automation.
GAL A Microsoft Outlook global address list - directory of all Microsoft Exchange users and distribution lists to whom messages can be addressed.
GAL (global address list) A list that contains all Exchange users, contacts, groups, conferencing resources, and public folders in an organization.
galactan The polymer of galactose with a repeating unit of C6H10O5. Found in hemicellulose it can be hydrolyzed to galactose.
galactic radio noise Synonym cosmic noise.
galactomannan A gum in which the structural chain is made up of D-mannose units with 1?4 linkages. The ratio of galactose to mannose is 1:2.
galactose A six-carbon sugar with the formula C6H1206. A product of hydrolysis of galactan found in the hemicellulose fraction of biomass.
Galaxy A cluster of stars held together by their own gravity, and apparently dark matter as well.
Gale An extratropical low or an area of sustained surface winds of 34 (39 mph) to 47 knots (54 mph).
Gale Warning A warning of sustained surface winds, or frequent gusts, in the range of 34 knots (39 mph) to 47 knots (54 mph) inclusive, either predicted or occurring…
galiximab (gal-IX-ih-mab) A monoclonal antibody that is being studied in the treatment of follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
gall A tumorous growth in plants. See: crown gall.
gallbladder (GAWL-bla-der) The pear-shaped organ found below the liver. Bile is concentrated and stored in the gallbladder.
gallbladder cancer (GAWL-bla-der KAN-ser) Cancer that forms in tissues of the gallbladder. The gallbladder is a pear-shaped organ below the liver that collects and stores…
Gallery A passageway within the body of a dam, its foundation, or abutments used for inspection, foundation grouting, and/or drainage.
Gallium (Ga) A chemical element, metallic in nature, used in making certain kinds of solar cells and semiconductor devices.
Gallium Arsenide A compound used to make certain types of solar photovoltaic cells.
gallium nitrate A drug that lowers blood calcium. Used as treatment for hypercalcemia (too much calcium in the blood) and for cancer that has spread to the bone (bone…
gallium scan A procedure to detect areas of the body where cells are dividing rapidly. It is used to locate cancer cells or areas of inflammation.
Gallon A unit of measure equal to four quarts or 128 fluid ounces.
gallstone Solid material that forms in the gallbladder or common bile duct. Gallstones are made of cholesterol or other substances found in the gallbladder.
Galosh The Soviet Anti-Ballistic Missile system built to defend Moscow from missile attack.
galvanic skin response (gal-VA-nik ... reh-SPONTS) A change in the heat and electricity passed through the skin by nerves and sweat.
Galvanize To coat a metal (especially iron or steel) with zinc. Galvanization is the process of coating a metal with zinc.
Galvanized Iron Iron that has been coated with zinc to inhibit rusting.
Gamakatsu A brand name of hooks.
Gambling Stake Amount of money reserved for gambling. Same thing as Bankroll.
Game fish Fish that are fished for as sport and subject to regulations of take.
game fish or game-fish Species of fish caught for sport that fights hard when hooked. In Arizona, includes trout of all species, bass of all species, catfish of all species…
Gamete A haploid sex cell, egg or sperm, that contains a single copy of each chromosome.
gamete and embryo storage Storage of ova, sperm or fertilized embryos outside their original source. Almost invariably this means cryopreservation.
Gametes Eggs or sperm.
gametic (phase) disequilibrium In relation to any two loci, the occurrence of haplotypes (gametes) at a frequency other than that predicted from the product of the respective allele…
gametic (phase) equilibrium In relation to any two loci, the occurrence of haplotypes (gametes) at a frequency equal to the product of the frequency of the two relevant alleles .
gametoclone A plant regenerated from a tissue culture originating from gametic tissue.
Gametocyte The sexual stage of malaria parasites. Male gametocytes (microgametocytes) and female gametocytes (macrogametocytes) are inside red blood cells in the…
gametogenesis The process of the formation of gametes.
gametophyte The phase of the plant life cycle that carries the gamete producing organs. In flowering plants, the pollen grain is the male gametophyte and the embryo…
gametophytic incompatibility A phenomenon in plants, in which a pollen grain is genetically incapable of fertilizing a particular egg, because both gametes carry the identical allele…
Gamma A unit of magnetic field intensity equal to 1 x 10.0-5 Gauss; also equal to 1 nanotelsa (nT).
gamma correction In video, the insertion of a nonlinear output-input characteristic for the purpose of changing the system transfer characteristic.
gamma irradiation A type of radiation therapy that uses gamma radiation. Gamma radiation is a type of high-energy radiation that is different from x-rays.
Gamma Knife therapy A treatment using gamma rays, a type of high-energy radiation that can be tightly focused on small tumors or other lesions in the head or neck, so very…
gamma radiation Electromagnetic radiation emitted by radioactive decay and having energies in a range from ten thousand (104) to ten million (107) electron volts.
Gamma Ray A type of high-energy radiation that is different from an x-ray.
Gamma Rays Created by nuclear reactions, this is the most energetic electromagnetic radiation emitted by the Sun.
Gamma-interferon A type of small protein with antiviral activity, made by T lymphocytes.
Gamma-Ray Laser A laser which generates a beam of gamma rays; also called a graser . A gamma-ray laser, if developed, would be a type of x-ray laser; although it would…
GAMS GPS (Global Positioning System)-Aided Munitions.
ganciclovir An antiviral agent used to prevent or treat cytomegalovirus infections that may occur when the body's immune system is suppressed.
Ganglia A cluster monitoring tool (re: WS MDS). See http://ganglia.sourceforge.net.
ganglioside A complex molecule that contains both lipids (fats) and carbohydrates (sugars) and is found in the plasma (outer) membrane of many kinds of cells.
Gangrene A form of a wet or dry infection, frequently seen in diabetes causing decay and dying of tissue in a localized part of the body or involve an organ or a…
Gank Player vs. Player: To attack another player while they're trying to fight a monster.
GaNMPA Gallium Nitride Microwave Power Amplifiers. (A demonstration program to develop GaN based transistors and integrated circuits for power amplifiers in…
Gantry An overhead structure that supports machines or operating parts, such as a gantry crane.
Gantry crane A fixed or traveling, bent-supported crane for handling heavy equipment.
GAO General Accounting Office.
gap A missing section on one of the strands of double-stranded DNA. The DNA will therefore have a single-stranded region.
GAP (Google Advertising Professional) Google Advertising Professional is a program which qualifies marketers as being proficient AdWords marketers.
Gap Insurance Insurance coverage that pays the difference between what you owe on your auto loan and your totaled car’s actual cash value.
Gap junctions Communicating cell-cell junctions that allow ions and small molecules to pass from the cytoplasm of one cell to the cytoplasm of another cell.