ExpertGlossary terms starting with G

1,349 terms

gap loss The power loss that occurs when an optical signal is transferred from one fiber to another that is axially aligned with it, but longitudinally separated…
Gap Winds Strong winds channeled through gaps in the Pacific coastal ranges, blowing out into the Pacific Ocean or into the waterways of the Inside Passage.
gap-loss attenuator An optical attenuator that exploits the principle of gap loss to reduce the optical power level when inserted in-line in the fiber path; e.g.
gapped DNA A double-stranded DNA molecule with one or more internal single-stranded regions.
gaps Periods of no speech activity or low-energy content signals present in the access channel of a wideband packet network. [T1.312-1991]
GAR The GAR (Grid ARchive) file is a single file which contains all the files and information that the container needs to deploy a service.
garbage collection The automatic detection and freeing of memory that is no longer in use. The Java runtime system performs garbage collection so that programmers never…
garbage collector A daemon thread that recycles objects to which there are no extant references within a program.
garble 1. An error in transmission, reception, encryption, or decryption that changes the text of a message or any portion thereof in such a manner that it is…
garden heliotrope A plant whose roots are used as a sedative and to treat certain medical conditions.
garden valerian A plant whose roots are used as a sedative and to treat certain medical conditions.
GARDIAN General Area Defense Integrated Anti-missile Laser System.
garlic (GAR-lik) A European plant that has a bulb used to flavor food. It has also been used in some cultures to treat certain medical conditions including high…
Garn-St. Germain Depository Institutions Act Legislation enacted in 1982 that provided the thrift industry more flexibility in managing assets and liabilities.
Garnishment Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds…
Garnishment/Garnish A legal process that allows a creditor to remove funds from your bank account to satisfy a debt that you have not paid.
Gas chromatography gas flowing through a coated tube separates compounds by their size, weight, and chemical reactivity with the coating of the tube or column.
Gas engine A piston engine that uses gaseous fuel rather than gasoline. Fuel and air are mixed before they enter cylinders; ignition occurs with a spark.
Gas Laws The thermodynamic laws pertaining to perfect gases, including Boyle's law, Charles' law, Dalton's law and the equation of state.
Gas shift process A process in which carbon monoxide and hydrogen react in the presence of a catalyst to form methane and water.
gas transfer The rate at which gases are transferred from gas into solution, an important parameter in fermentation systems because it controls the rate at which the…
Gas turbine A type of turbine in which combusted, pressurized gas is directed against a series of blades connected to a shaft, which forces the shaft to turn to…
Gaseous supersaturation Condition of higher levels of dissolved gases in water due to entrainment, pressure increases, or heating.
Gasification The process in which a solid fuel is converted into a gas; also known as pyrolitic distillation or pyrolysis.
Gasifier A device for converting a solid fuel to a gaseous fuel.
Gasket A thin material, made of paper, metal, silicone, or other synthetic materials, used as a seal between two similar machined metal surfaces such as cylinder…
Gasket/Seal A seal used to prevent the leakage of fluids, and also maintain the pressure in an enclosure.
Gasohol A registered trademark of an agency of the state of Nebraska, for an automotive fuel containing a blend of 10 percent ethanol and 90 percent gasoline.
Gasoline A refined petroleum product suitable for use as a fuel in internal combustion engines.
gasoline excise tax An excise tax paid by consumers when they purchase gasoline. The tax covers the manufacture, sale, and use of gasoline.
Gasoline Gallon Equivalent (GGE) The amount of fuel it takes to equal the energy content of one liquid gallon of gasoline.
GASS (Global Access to Secondary Storage) Global Access to Secondary Storage is used for file staging and cache management.
gastrectomy (ga-STREK-toh-mee) An operation to remove all or part of the stomach.
gastric (GAS-trik) Having to do with the stomach.
gastric atrophy (GAS-trik AT-ro-fee) A condition in which the stomach muscles shrink and become weak.
gastric cancer (GAS-trik KAN-ser) Cancer that forms in tissues lining the stomach. Also called stomach cancer .
gastric mucosal hypertrophy (GAS-trik myoo-KOH-sul hy-PER-troh-fee) A condition marked by inflammation and ulcers (breaks on the skin or on the surface of an organ) of the mucosa…
gastric reflux The backward flow of stomach acid contents into the esophagus (the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach).
gastrin (GAS-trin) A group of hormones released after eating that control the amount of acid in the stomach.
gastrinoma (gas-trih-NOH-muh) A tumor that causes overproduction of gastric acid. It usually begins in the duodenum (first part of the small intestine that connects…
gastritis Inflammation of the lining of the stomach.
Gastroenterologist (GAS-troh-EN-teh-RAH-loh-jist) A doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the digestive system.
gastroesophageal junction The place where the esophagus is connected to the stomach.
gastroesophageal reflux (GAS-tro-ee-SAH-fuh-JEE-ul REE-flux) The backward flow of stomach acid contents into the esophagus (the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach).
gastrointestinal (GAS-troh-in-TES-tih-nul) Refers to the stomach and intestines. Also called GI.
gastrointestinal carcinoid tumor (GAS-troh-in-TES-tih-nul KAR-sih-noyd TOO-mer) An indolent (slow-growing) cancer that forms in cells that make hormones in the lining of the…
gastrointestinal stromal tumor A type of tumor that usually begins in cells in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. It can be benign or malignant. Also called GIST.
Gastrointestinal tract (GAS-troh-in-TES-tih-nul trakt) The stomach and intestines. The gastrointestinal tract is part of the digestive system, which also includes the salivary…
gastropod a member of the class of mollusks that includes snails.
gastroscope (GASS-troh-SKOPE) A thin, tube-like instrument used to examine the inside of the stomach.
gastroscopy (gas-TROS-koh-pee) Examination of the inside of the stomach using a gastroscope passed through the mouth and esophagus.
gastrostomy tube (gas-TROS-toh-mee ...) A tube inserted through the wall of the abdomen directly into the stomach.
Gastrula An early animal embryo consisting of two layers of cells; an embryological stage following the blastula.
Gastrulation The process whereby the cells of the blastocyst are translocated to establish three germ layers.
GAT Government Acceptance Testing.
GAT CALL Guidance, Apportionment, and Targeting Call (JFACC term).
Gate A device that controls the flow in a conduit, pipe, or tunnel without obstructing any portion of the waterway when in the fully open position.
Gate chamber (valve chamber) A chamber in which a guard gate in a pressurized outlet works or both the guard and regulating gates in a free-flow outlet works are located.
Gate hanger A device used to maintain a set gate opening.
Gate structure Portion of spillway between inlet channel and chute, tunnel or conduit, which contains gates, such as radial gates.
Gate valve A valve with a circular-shaped closing element that fits securely over an opening through which water flows.
Gated pipe Portable pipe with small gates installed along one side for distributing irrigation water to corrugations or furrows.
Gated spillway Overflow section of dam restricted by use of gates that can be operated to control releases from the reservoir to ensure the safety of the dam.
gatekeeper A small EMC Symmetrix device configured to function as a lock during certain state change operations.
gateway An element that contained a node on the SDS backbone network as well as on some other network(s) and would have performed protocol and format conversions…
Gateway city City with an international airport.
Gateway Page A web page submitted to a search engine (spyder) to give the relevance-algorithm of that particular spyder the data it needs, in the format that it needs…
gating The process of selecting only those portions of a wave between specified time intervals or between specified amplitude limits. 2.
GATS GPS (Global Positioning System)-Aided Targeting System.
GATT The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade signed by President Clinton on December 8, 1994. One resulting change is that a U.S.
GAU Group Art Unit
Gauge An instrument, usually mounted on the dashboard, used to monitor engine conditions such as fuel pressure, oil pressure and temperature, water pressure and…
Gauge (gage) Device for registering water level, discharge, velocity, pressure, etc. Thickness of wire or sheet metal.
Gauge height Elevation of water surface measured by a gauge. See gage height.
Gauge pressure Absolute pressure minus atmospheric pressure. The pressure within a closed container as measured with a gauge. Sometimes referred to as relative pressure.
Gauging station Specific location on a stream where systematic observations of hydrologic data are obtained through mechanical or electrical means. See gauge.
Gauss The unit of magnetic field intensity equal to 1 dyne per unit pole.
gaussian beam A beam of light whose electric field intensity distribution is gaussian. Note: When such a beam is circular in cross section the intensity at distance r…
gaussian filter A filter having a response curve (magnitude versus frequency) that approximates an ideal gaussian curve.
Gaussian Plume Model A computer model used to calculate air pollution concentrations. The model assumes that a pollutant plume is carried downwind from its emission source by…
Gaussian Puff Model A model used to calculate air pollution concentrations. The model assumes that a continuously emitted plume or instantaneous cloud of pollutants can be…
gaussian pulse A pulse that has a waveform described by the gaussian distribution. Note: In the time domain, the amplitude of the waveform is given by where A is the…
Gazetteer A geographical dictionary, an important reference for information about places and place-names and associated spatial location
GB (1) Ground-Based. (2) Gigabyte.
Gb (Gigabit) One billion bits. Unit of measure for data transfer.
GB (Gigabyte) 1,073,741,824 bytes, or 1,024 megabytes. Unit of measure for computer storage. Sometimes defined as one billion bytes.
Gb/s Abbreviation for gigabytes per second. See International System of Units.
GBD Global Burst Detector.
GBDL Ground-Based Data Link. 117
GbE Gigabit Ethernet. A type of high-speed network hardware. Also known as 1000base-T.
GBEV Ground Based Experimental Version.
GBF/DIME For the 1980 census, the U.S. Census Bureau produced Geographic Base Files (GBF) and Dual Independent Map Encoding (DIME) files, containing census…
GBFEL Ground-Based Free Electron Laser.
GBH Abbreviation for group busy hour.
GBHE Ground-Based Hypervelocity Gun Experiment.
GBHRG Ground-Based Hypervelocity Rail Gun.
GBI OBSOLETE. See Ground-Based Interceptor.
GBI-P Ground-Based Interceptor Prototype.
GBI-X Ground-Based Interceptor Experiment.
GBIC (Gigabit Interface Converter) An acronym for "Gigabit Interface Converter". A GBIC is astandard for transceivers commonly used with Gigabit Ethernetand Fibre Channel.