ExpertGlossary terms starting with G

1,349 terms

  1. GBKV Ground-Based Kinetic Kill Vehicle.
  2. GBL Ground-Based Laser.
  3. GBLD Ground-Based Launcher Demonstration.
  4. GBLRS Ground-Based Laser Repeater Station.
  5. GBM A fast-growing type of central nervous system tumor that forms from glial (supportive) tissue of the brain and spinal cord and has cells that look very…
  6. GBMD Global Ballistic Missile Defense.
  7. GBMI Ground-Based Midcourse Interceptor.
  8. GBOS Ground-Based Optical System.
  9. GBPST Ground-Based Passive Signal Tracking.
  10. GBR See Ground-Based Radar.
  11. GBR-M Ground-Based Radar-Midcourse.
  12. GBR-O Ground-Based Radar-Objective.
  13. GBR-P Ground-Based Radar-Prototype.
  14. GBR-T 1. Ground-Based Radar-Theater [c. 1994]. 2. Terminal Defense /Ground-Based Radar [c. 1996].
  15. GBR-X The experimental version of the GBR.
  16. GBRF Ground-Based Radio Frequency.
  17. GBRI Ground-Based Rocket Interceptor.
  18. GBRT Ground-Based Radar Terminal.
  19. GBS Ground-Based Sensor.
  20. GC See definition for: Global Catalog (GC)
  21. GC island A segment of double-stranded DNA that is rich in GC base pairs. This type of sequence is characteristic of eukaryotic genomic regions with a high gene…
  22. GC&A 1. Guidance, Control, and Avionics. 2. Guidance, Control, and Airframe.
  23. GC-rich area Many DNA sequences carry long stretches of repeated G and C which often indicate a gene-rich region.
  24. GC1008 A monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of kidney cancer, melanoma, and pulmonary fibrosis.
  25. GCA (1) Guidance, Control, and Avionics. (2) Guidance, Control, and Airframe.
  26. GCC Ground Component Commander (JFACC term).
  27. GCCS Global Command and Control System. 118
  28. GCF (Generic Connection Framework) The Generic Connection Framework (GCF) makes it easy for wireless devices to make network connections. It is part of CLDC and CDC and resides in the javax.
  29. GCI Ground Control Intercept.
  30. GCN Ground Communications Network.
  31. GCPD Global Child Production Domain
  32. GCS Ground Control Station.
  33. GCT Abbreviation for Greenwich Civil Time. See Coordinated Universal Time.
  34. GD General Dynamics.
  35. Gd-DTPA A substance used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to help make clear pictures of the brain, spine, heart, soft tissue of joints, and inside bones.
  36. GDAs See Renewable Resource Generation Development Areas
  37. GDC-0449 A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It blocks a type of protein involved in tissue growth and repair and may block the growth of cancer…
  38. GDF Abbreviation for group distribution frame.
  39. GDI See Gross domestic income (GDI)
  40. GDL Gas Dynamic Laser.
  41. GDP See Gross domestic product (GDP)
  42. GDP by state See Gross domestic product (GDP) by state
  43. GDP price index See Gross domestic product (GDP) price index
  44. GDP-by-industry accounts See Gross domestic product (GDP)-by-industry accounts
  45. GDR On a buoy report, direction, in degrees clockwise from true North, of the GSP, reported at the last hourly 10-minute segment.
  46. gear Any tools used to catch fish, such as rod and reel, hook and line, nets, traps, spears and baits.
  47. Gears Circular, wheel-shaped parts with teeth along the edges. The interlocking of these two mechanisms enables one to turn the other.
  48. Gebraughsmuster A German utility patent.
  49. GEDI Ground-Based Electromagnetically-Launched Defensive Impactors .
  50. gefitinib (geh-FIH-ty-nib) A drug that is used to treat certain types of non-small cell lung cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer.
  51. Geiger counter A Geiger-Müller detector and measuring instrument. It contains a gas-filled tube which discharges electrically when ionizing radiation passes through it…
  52. gel support medium (agarose) that holds DNA molecules in place during the separation phase of electrophoresis.
  53. Gel electrophoresis See: electrophoresis.
  54. gel filtration A method of protein or DNA purification, where differences in size are used to separate the components of a complex mixture.
  55. gelatin A glutinous, protein aceous gelling and solidifying agent. Gelatin is produced by the partial hydrolysis (via boiling) of collagen, found in the…
  56. gelatinization The swelling of starch when added to hot water. Hydrolysis causes the molecule to lose structure, and technically gelatinization is not complete until…
  57. Gelclair (JEL-klayr) A gel used to lessen pain from mouth sores caused by chemotherapy or radiation therapy, oral surgery, braces, or disease.
  58. geldanamycin analog An antineoplastic antibiotic drug that belongs to the family of drugs called ansamycins.
  59. GelriteTM The brand name of a Pseudomonas-derived refined polysaccharide used as a gelling agent and agar substitute.
  60. GEM A genetically engineered microorganism.
  61. GEM 231 A drug that may inhibit the growth of malignant tumors.
  62. GEM640 A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. GEM640 may block a protein called XIAP so that chemotherapy is able to kill more tumor…
  63. gemcitabine (jem-SITE-ah-been) A drug that is used to treat certain types of breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, and lung cancer and is being studied in…
  64. gemcitabine hydrochloride (jem-SITE-ah-been HY-droh-KLOR-ide) A drug that is used to treat certain types of breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, and lung cancer and is…
  65. GEMPAK General Environmental Meteorological Package (programming language)
  66. gemtuzumab (gem-TOO-zeh-mab) A monoclonal antibody combined with a toxic substance that is used to treat certain types of acute myeloid leukemia in older patients…
  67. gemtuzumab ozogamicin (gem-TOO-zeh-mab oh-zoh-GAM-ih-sin) A monoclonal antibody combined with a toxic substance that is used to treat certain types of acute myeloid leukemia in…
  68. Gemzar (JEM-zar) A drug that is used to treat certain types of breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, and lung cancer and is being studied in the…
  69. GEN General
  70. Genasense (JEN-uh-sents) A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may kill cancer cells by blocking the production of a protein that makes cancer…
  71. Gene The functional and physical unit of heredity passed from parent to offspring. Genes are pieces of DNA, and most genes contain the information for making a…
  72. gene (resources) conservation The conservation of species, populations, individuals or parts of individuals, by in situ or ex situ methods, to provide a diversity of genetic materials…
  73. gene addition The addition of a functional copy of a gene to the genome of an organism.
  74. Gene amplification The presence of multiple genes. Amplification is one mechanism through which proto-oncogenes are activated in malignant cells.
  75. gene bank 1. The physical location where collections of genetic material in the form of seeds, tissues or reproductive cells of plants or animals are stored. 2.
  76. Gene chip technology Development of cDNA microarrays from a large number of genes. Used to monitor and measure changes in gene expression for each gene represented on the chip.
  77. Gene cloning The process of synthesizing multiple copies of a particular DNA sequence using a bacteria cell or another organism as a host. See DNA, Host.
  78. gene construct See: construct.
  79. gene conversion A process, often associated with recombination, during which one allele is replicated at the expense of another, leading to non-Mendelian segregation…
  80. gene deletion The total loss or absence of a gene.
  81. gene expression (JEEN ek-SPREH-shun) The process by which a gene gets turned on in a cell to make RNA and proteins.
  82. gene expression profiling A research method that measures messenger RNA made from many different genes in various cell types.
  83. Gene family Group of closely related genes that make similar products.
  84. Gene flow The exchange of genes between different but (usually) related populations.
  85. Gene frequency The percentage of a given allele in a population of organisms. See Allele.
  86. Gene gun See: biolistics.
  87. gene imprinting The differential expression of a single gene according to its parental origin.
  88. Gene insertion The addition of one or more copies of a normal gene into a defective chromosome.
  89. gene interaction The modification of the action of one gene by another, non-allelic gene.
  90. gene knockout See: knockout.
  91. Gene library See: library.
  92. Gene linkage The hereditary association of genes located on the same chromosome.
  93. gene machine See: transposon tagging.
  94. gene mapping See: mapping.
  95. Gene modification The chemical repair of a gene's defective DNA sequence. See DNA.
  96. Gene pool The totality of all alleles of all genes of all individuals in a particular population.
  97. Gene prediction Predictions of possible genes made by a computer program based on how well a stretch of DNA sequence matches known gene sequences
  98. gene probe See: probe.
  99. Gene product The biochemical material, either RNA or protein, resulting from expression of a gene.
  100. gene recombination See: recombination.