ExpertGlossary terms starting with D

2,757 terms

direct-sequence modulation In spread-spectrum systems, modulation in which a sequence of binary pulses is used directly to modulate a carrier, usually by phase-shift keying.
direct-sequence spread spectrum 1. A system (a) for generating spread-spectrum transmissions by phase-modulating a sine wave pseudorandomly with a continuous string of pseudonoise code…
direct-spread modulation Synonym direct-sequence modulation.
directed amplification of minisatellite DNA (Abbreviation: DAMD). A polymerase chain reaction technique used for obtaining molecular markers in the region of minisatellites .
directed broadcast address An Internet Protocol address that specifies "all hosts" on a specified network.
Directed differentiation Manipulating stem cell culture conditions to induce differentiation into a particular cell type.
Directed Energy (DE) 1. Energy in the form of atomic particles, pellets, or focused electromagnetic beams that can be sent long distances at, or nearly at, the speed of light.
Directed Energy Device A system using directed energy primarily for a purpose other than as a weapon. Directed energy devices may produce effects that could allow the device to…
Directed Energy Weapon (DEW) A system using directed energy primarily as a direct means to damage or destroy enemy equipment, facilities, and personnel.
Directed evolution A laboratory process used on isolated molecules or microbes to cause mutations and identify subsequent adaptations to novel environments.
Directed mutagenesis The generation of changes in the nucleotide sequence of a cloned gene by one of several procedures.
directed net A radio net in which no station other than the net control station may communicate with any other station without first obtaining permission from the net…
directed network A network in which each arc has an associated direction of flow. Direction of flow can be determined by arc direction (e.g.
Directed search A narrow search within a specified area of the indexed content. Users may choose to search within "news" if they want the latest updates on today's game…
Directed sequencing Successively sequencing DNA from adjacent stretches of chromosome.
Directed verdict See judgment as a matter of law.
direction finding A procedure for obtaining bearings of radio frequency emitters by using a highly directional antenna and a display unit on an intercept receiver or…
direction of scanning In a facsimile transmitting apparatus, the scanning of the plane (developed in the case of a drum transmitter) of the message surface along lines running…
directional antenna An antenna in which the radiation pattern is not omnidirectional, i.e., a nonisotropic antenna.
Directional cloning DNA insert and vector molecules are digested with two different restriction enzymes to create noncomplementary sticky ends at either end of each…
directional coupler A transmission coupling device for separately sampling (through a known coupling loss) either the forward (incident) or the backward (reflected) wave in a…
Directional drilling The practice of drilling non-vertical wells. Also called slant drilling.
Directional Shear The component of wind shear which is due to a change in wind direction with height, e.g., southeasterly winds at the surface and southwesterly winds aloft.
directionalization The temporary conversion of a portion or all of a two-way trunk group to one-way trunks favoring traffic flowing away from a congested switch.
directive A "pod" directive. See perlpod.
directive gain Of an antenna, the ratio of (a) 4 times the radiance, i.e., power radiated per unit solid angle (watts per steradian), in a given direction to (b) the…
directives management application of records management principles and techniques to general instructions, bulletins, policies/procedures, or other official issuances
directivity pattern Synonym radiation pattern.
Directly estimated method Procedure for estimating Federal government purchases based on data from the budget and from the Monthly Treasury Statement.
Directly priced method Procedure for estimating Federal government purchases by multiplying the delivered quantity by the price paid.
Directors An industry council of the Travel Industry Association of America www.tourstates.com
Directory A simulated file folder or container used to organize files and directories in a hierarchical or tree-like structure.
directory access protocol (DAP) A directory protocol that defines the exchange of requests and outcomes between user and system. [T1.667-1999]
directory assistance A feature used by servers to extend client authentication, name lookups, and LDAP operations to secondary directories.
Directory Assistance (DA) A service providing the requested telephone number for a given name and address.
Directory Assistance Call Completion (DACC) After the telephone number has been received, DACC is a service that permits a call to be completed to the requested number, typically at the calling…
directory assistance database A database created from the DA50.NTF template and used to configure directory assistance.
Directory Assistance document A document created in a directory assistance database that describes a secondary directory.
Directory catalog An optional directory database that can aggregate entries from multiple Domino Directories into a single database.
directory export The process of exporting user account information from the directory. [Exchange 5.5]
directory handle A name that represents a particular instance of opening a directory to read it, until you close it. See the opendir function.
directory harvest attack An attempt to collect valid e-mail addresses from a particular organization so that the e-mail addresses can be added to a spam database. [Exchange 2007]
directory hierarchy In the Administrator program, the hierarchical structure of objects in the directory. [Exchange 5.5]
directory import The process of importing user account information into the directory. [Exchange 5.5]
directory number A network (sub)address (from a telephone user perspective) such as the telephone number in the telecommunication network.
directory object A record such as a server, mailbox, or distribution list in the directory. Every object has properties that can be defined. [Exchange 5.5]
Directory partition A contiguous sub-tree of the directory that forms a unit of replication. A given replica is always a replica of some directory partition.
directory replication The process of updating the directories of all servers within and between sites. [Exchange 5.5]
directory replication bridgehead server An Exchange computer that acts as the endpoint of a directory replication connection between its site and a remote site, and requests directory updates…
directory server A server whose purpose is to provide directory services.
directory server (DS) A unit consisting of a DSA (directory system agent) and possibly other application processes (such as registration management) to provide the directory…
Directory Service Both the directory information source and the service that makes the information available and usable.
Directory Services Markup Language (DSML) An open, extensible, standards-based format for publishing directory service schemas and exchanging directory contents.
Directory Services Restore Mode A special safe mode boot option for Windows Server domain controllers that allows you to repair or restore the Active Directoryâ¢ service database.
directory synchronization The process of synchronizing directory information about Exchange users from Active Directory with the directory of another messaging system.
directory system agent (DSA) The software that provides the X.500 directory service for a portion of the directory information base.
directory user agent (DUA) The software that accesses the X.500 directory service on behalf of the directory user.
Directory-enabled application An application that reads, writes, or modifies data that is stored in a directory service.
DIRLAUTH Direct Liaison Authorized.
DIRNSA Director, National Security Agency.
Dirty Air The messed up air created by the lead car. It is generally harder to handle or steer a race car when it's in dirty air.
DIS (1) Distributed Interactive Simulation. (2) Defense Investigative Service.
DISA Defense Information Systems Agency, Washington, DC. (Formerly known as Defense Communications Agency).
Disability A limit in a range of major life activities. This includes activities like seeing, hearing, walking and tasks like thinking and working.
Disability Determination Provider This provider evaluates the Retirement Systems’ disability claims and submits a recommendation to the Retirement Systems’ Medical Board.
Disability Exemption An exemption to the requirement that a voter show one of the 7 acceptable ID’s before voting a regular ballot.
Disability Retirement A retirement annuity under a defined benefit plan for active contributing members of the Retirement Systems who become disabled and whose disability is…
Disabled When applied to privilege: a privilege that is inactive, i.e., has its effective flag cleared [POSIX.6].
disabling tone A tone, transmitted over a communications path, used to control equipment. Note: An example of a disabling tone is a tone that places an echo suppressor…
disaccharide A dimer consisting of two covalently linked monosaccharides.
disaccharides The class of compound sugars that yields two monosaccharide units upon hydrolysis; examples are sucrose, maltose, and lactose.
Disappearing Solar Filament (DSF) In solar-terrestrial terms, the sudden (timescale of minutes to hours) disappearance of a solar filament (prominence).
disarm The deletion from a plasmid or virus of genes that are pathogenic.
Disaster An event that demands a crisis response beyond the scope of any single line agency or service (e.g.
Disaster Exemption A voter who does not have any valid form of photo identification as a result of certain natural disasters as declared by the President of the United…
disaster protection (Don't use this term?) Processes, tools, hardware, and software that provide protection in the event of an extreme occurrence that causes application…
Disaster Recovery The process of restoring access to applications and data after a disaster. Disaster recovery can be manual, meaning human intervention is required, or it…
Disaster Recovery (DR) An architecture is a prevention mechanism that scales up immediately and enable a rapid failover in case of a failure in users’ critical IT systems.
disaster recovery plan A written and approved course of action to take after a disaster strikes that details how an organization will restore critical business functions and…
Disaster Recovery Plan (DRP) A written plan for processing critical applications in the event of a major hardware or software failure or destruction of facilities.
disaster recovery services Services and products offered by companies that provide the hardware, software, processes, and people necessary to recover from a disaster.
Disaster Recovery Tape A form of transferable media device used to store data that is not currently being used by the organization in order to create additional space while…
disaster tolerant The characteristic of being able to recover quickly from a disaster. Components of disaster tolerance include redundant hardware, data replication…
disaster tolerant architecture A cluster architecture that protects against multiple points of failure or a single catastrophic failure that affects many components by locating parts of…
Disbarment Form of discipline of a lawyer resulting in the loss (often permanently) of that lawyer's right to practice law. See censure or suspension.
disc See diskette.
Disc (Disk) It may be a floppy disk, or it may be a hard disk. Either way, it is a magnetic storage medium on which data is digitally stored.
Disc mirroring A method of protecting data from a catastrophic hard disc failure or for long term data storage.
Disc Partition A hard drive containing a set of consecutive cylinders.
Discard Tray A tray on the dealerâs right side that holds all the cards that have been played or discarded.
Discards The cards that have already been played and thrown away.
Discharge (DIS-charj) In medicine, a fluid that comes out of the body. Discharge can be normal or a sign of disease.
Discharge capacity The maximum amount of water that can safely released from a given waterway.
Discharge Curve A curve that expresses the relation between the discharge of a stream or open conduit at a given location and the stage or elevation of the liquid surface…
Discharge Table (1) A table showing the relation between two mutually dependant quantities or variable over a given range of magnitude.
dischargeable debt A debt for which the Bankruptcy Code allows the debtor's personal liability to be eliminated.
Discipline a major forensic science area dealing with similar tests, examinations, or comparisons.
Discipline Standard Operating Procedures Manuals (SOP) manuals that concentrate on issues that are unique to a discipline or functional area.
disciplined development Development of a system or part of a system where the documentation and evidence of testing against the documentation is to normal industry standards.
Disclaim To refuse a gift made in a will.