ExpertGlossary terms starting with G

1,349 terms

  1. Gradient General slope or rate of change in vertical elevation per unit of horizontal distance of water surface of a flowing stream.
  2. Gradient High Winds These high winds usually cover a large area and are due to synoptic-scale, extra-tropical low pressure systems.
  3. Gradient wind Gradient wind The same as geostrophic wind, but blowing parallel to curved isobars or contours.
  4. grading A system for classifying cancer cells in terms of how abnormal they appear when examined under a microscope.
  5. Gradual Commencement In solar-terrestrial terms, the commencement of a geomagnetic storm that has no well-defined onset
  6. Graduated payment mortgage (GPM) A fixed-interest loan with lower payments in the early years than in the later years.
  7. Graduated Payment Mortgages Mortgages that begin with lower monthly payments that get slowly larger over a period of years, eventually reaching a fixed level and remaining there for…
  8. Graduated Security A security system that provides several levels (e.g., low, moderate, high) of protection based on threats, risks, available technology, support services…
  9. Gradus A grade or a degree.
  10. graft Healthy skin, bone, or other tissue taken from one part of the body and used to replace diseased or injured tissue removed from another part of the body.
  11. graft chimera A plant which is a mosaic of two sorts of tissue differing in genetic constitution and assumed to have arisen as the result of a nuclear fusion following…
  12. graft hybrid An individual formed from graft (2) and stock showing the characteristics of both progenitors. See: graft chimera.
  13. graft inoculation test A test based on the use of a suspected viral carrier which is grafted to an indicator plant.
  14. graft union The point at which a scion from one plant is joined to a rootstock from another plant.
  15. Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD) A side effect of a bone marrow or stem cell transplant that occurs when new bone marrow or stem cells (the graft) reject or attack the patient's body (the…
  16. graft-versus-host disease (... dih-ZEEZ) A disease caused when cells from a donated stem cell graft attack the normal tissue of the transplant patient.
  17. graft-versus-tumor An immune response to a person's tumor cells by immune cells present in a donor's transplanted tissue, such as bone marrow or peripheral blood.
  18. grafting The process of making a graft (1).
  19. Grain Alcohol Ethanol.
  20. grain tolerance A parameter controlling the number of vertices and the distance between them on arcs representing curves.
  21. gram A unit of weight in the metric system. One gram is equal to one thousandth of a kilogram and is approximately 30-times less than an ounce.
  22. GRAM (Grid Resource Allocation and Management) The Grid Resource Allocation and Management API is a means allowing programs to be started on remote resources.
  23. Gram staining A technique to distinguish between two major bacterial groups, based on whether or not their cell wall retains the Gram stain.
  24. Graminoid herbaceous A grass or plant of similar growth form, such as sedges, rushes, and others.
  25. Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (Financial Modernization Act) A U.S. federal law that protect consumers' personal financial information held by financial institutions. [Exchange 2007]
  26. Gran jurado o jurado acusatorio Un grupo de entre dieciséis (16) y veintitrés (23) personas escogidas para escuchar pruebas con el fin de decidir si existe motivo fundado que un…
  27. Grand Challenge A problem that by virtue of its degree of difficulty and the importance of its solution, both from a technical and societal point of view, becomes a focus…
  28. Grand Jury A jury of inquiry whose duty it is to receive complaints and accusations in criminal matters and, if appropriate, issue a formal indictment.
  29. Grand jury foreperson The grand juror appointed by the court to handle administrative matters relating to the grand jury's work.
  30. Grand Martingale A varient of the Martingale System where you double your bets and add one extra unit after a loss.
  31. Grandfathered As used in connection with the Affordable Care Act: Exempt from certain provisions of this law.
  32. Grandfathered Health Plan As used in connection with the Affordable Care Act: A group health plan that was created—or an individual health insurance policy that was…
  33. Grandfathered plan A health plan that an individual was enrolled in prior to March 23, 2010 is considered a grandfathered plan under the ACA.
  34. Grandfathered rights In Arizona, grandfathered water rights are based on historic use of groundwater for five years prior to the designation of an Active Management Area.
  35. grandfathered systems Systems, including but not limited to: (a) PBX and key telephone systems, directly connected to the public switched telephone network on June 1, 1978…
  36. grandfathered terminal equipment Terminal equipment (other than PBX and key telephone systems) and protective circuitry connected to the public switched telephone network before July 1…
  37. Grandfathering An exemption based on circumstances previously existing. Under the NFIP, buildings located in Emergency Program communities and Pre-Flood Insurance Rate…
  38. granisetron (grah-NIH-seh-tron) The active ingredient in a drug used to treat nausea and vomiting caused by cancer treatment.
  39. granisetron hydrochloride (grah-NIH-seh-tron HY-droh-KLOR-ide) A drug used to treat nausea and vomiting caused by cancer treatment.
  40. Granite A coarse-grained felsic intrusive (or plutonic) igneous rock with at least 65% silica.
  41. Granitic General term for all light-colored, granite-like igneous rocks.
  42. Granodiorite Coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock with less quartz and more feldspar than true granite and typically darker.
  43. Granodiorites A plutonic igneous rock, formed by an intrusion of silica-rich magma, which cools in batholiths or stocks below the Earth's surface.
  44. Grant The issuance of a patent; a right given by a patent office to an applicant that allows the grantee (patentee) to prevent anyone else from using the…
  45. Grantee An individual to whom an interest in real property is conveyed.
  46. Grantor The person conveying real property by a trust deed as security for the performance of an obligation.
  47. Granularity The size of the pieces you're dealing with, mentally speaking.
  48. Granulation In solar-terrestrial terms, the cellular structure of the photosphere visible at high spatial resolution.
  49. Granules Short-lived cells of plasma that carry heat to the Sun’s surface via convection (rising and falling).
  50. Granulocyte (GRAN-yoo-loh-SITE) A type of white blood cell that fights bacterial infection. Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are granulocytes.
  51. granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GRAN-yoo-loh-SITE KAH-luh-nee STIM-yoo-LAY-ting FAK-ter) A colony-stimulating factor that stimulates the production of neutrophils (a type of white blood…
  52. granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GRAN-yoo-loh-SITE-MA-kruh-FAYJ KAH-luh-nee-STIM-yoo-LAY-ting...) A substance that helps make more white blood cells, especially granulocytes…
  53. granulocytic sarcoma (GRAN-yoo-loh-SIH-tik sar-KOH-muh) A malignant, green-colored tumor of myeloid cells (a type of immature white blood cell).
  54. granulocytopenia (GRAN-yoo-loh-SY-toh-PEE-nee-uh) A deficiency in the number of granulocytes, a type of white blood cell.
  55. granulosa cell tumor (GRAN-yoo-LOH-suh SEL TOO-mer) A type of slow-growing, malignant tumor that usually affects the ovary.
  56. Granulose cells Cells surrounding and maintaining the ovarian follicle.
  57. granum (pl.: grana) Structure within the chloroplasts, appear as green granules with the light microscope and as a series of parallel lamellae with the electron…
  58. graphic character A visual representation of a character, other than a control character. 2. In the ASCII code, a character other than an alphanumeric character, intended…
  59. Graphic Information Systems (GIS) GIS technology is used to develop maps that depict resources or features such as soil types, population densities, land uses, transportation corridors…
  60. graphical user interface See gui.
  61. graphical user interface (GUI) A graphical method of controlling how a user interacts with a computer to perform various tasks.
  62. graphics The art or science of conveying information through the use of display media, such as graphs, letters, lines, drawings, and pictures.
  63. graphics display terminal A computer terminal used to view and manipulate graphic information. It can also be used for graphic selection (e.g.
  64. graphics page That area on the graphics display device reserved for map display, or simulating the plotter page area.
  65. graphics pipe In computer science and technology, the special hardware within the computer optimized for the display of real-time 3D graphics.
  66. Grapple A clamshell-type bucket having three or more jaws.
  67. GRAS Abbreviation for generally regarded as safe.
  68. GRASER Gamma-Ray Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. (See Gamma- Ray Laser.)
  69. Grass carp Common name for Ctenopharyngodon idella, also called "grass carp." Grass carp are often stocked in ponds for weed control.
  70. Grass Line Manila or natural rope of any description.
  71. Grassland Terrestrial ecosystem (biome) found in regions where moderate annual average precipitation (25 to 76 centimeters or 10 to 30 inches) is enough to support…
  72. Grasslands Grasslands are characterized as lands dominated by grasses rather than large shrubs or trees.
  73. Gratuitamente Servicios de asistencia jurídica suministrados sin costo.
  74. gratuitous inducer A substance that can induce transcription of a gene or genes, but is not a substrate for the induced enzyme(s).
  75. Graupel Same as snow pellets or small hail.
  76. Gravamen, privilegio o derecho de preferencia de un acreedor Una acreencia, gravamen o carga sobre un bien para el pago de alguna deuda vencida o exigible.
  77. Gravel Loose rounded fragments of rock that will pass a 3-inch sieve and be retained on a No. 4 U.S. Standard sieve (3/16 inch).
  78. Gravel blanket Thin layer of gravel spread over an area either of natural ground, excavated surface, or embankment.
  79. Gravel surfacing Layer of gravel spread over an area intended for vehicular or personnel traffic, such as roads, parking lots and sidewalks.
  80. Gravelfill Gravel used to fill holes or spaces.
  81. Graver A small tool with a sharp tip that was used to engrave bone, stone, wood, or other materials.
  82. Gravis Serious; of importance; something grave.
  83. Gravitational Attraction The interaction of particles due to their mass/energy.
  84. gravitropism See: geotropism.
  85. Gravity arch dam A dam designed to combine load resisting features of both a gravity and arch type dam.
  86. Gravity Dam A dam constructed of concrete and/or masonry which relies on its weight and internal strength for stability.
  87. Gravity irrigation Irrigation method that applies irrigation water to fields by letting it flow from a higher level supply canal through ditches or furrows to fields at a…
  88. gravity model A methodology used in the geography, engineering and social sciences to model the behavior of populations.
  89. Gravity Wave A wave created by the action of gravity on density variations in the stratified atmosphere.
  90. gray The special name for the unit that expresses a measure of absorbed dose. One gray corresponds to an energy deposition of one joule per kg of living tissue.
  91. Gray code A binary code in which consecutive decimal numbers are represented by binary expressions that differ in the state of one, and only one, one bit.
  92. gray elm The inner bark of this plant has been used in some cultures to treat certain medical problems. It may have antioxidant effects.
  93. Gray Scale The use of many shades of gray to represent an image. Continuous-tone images, such as black-and-white photographs, use an almost unlimited number of…
  94. Gray water Wastewater other than sewage, such as sink and bath drainage or washing machine discharge.
  95. Graybody A hypothetical "body" that absorbs some constant fraction of all electromagnetic radiation incident upon it.
  96. grayline The grayline on a fish finder lets you distinguish between strong and weak echoes.
  97. grayling A northern species of freshwater game fish; a member of the trout family. In Arizona, typically found at Lee Valley Lake in the White Mountains.
  98. Grayscale An image type that uses black, white, and shades of gray to represent an image.
  99. Grazing Consumption of native forage from rangelands or pastures by livestock or wildlife.
  100. Grazing allotment An area where one or more livestock operators graze their livestock. An allotment generally consists of federal land but may include parcels of private or…