ExpertGlossary terms starting with H

1,452 terms

  1. hepatectomy (HEH-puh-TEK-toh-mee) Surgery to remove all or part of the liver.
  2. Hepatic (hih-PA-tik) Refers to the liver.
  3. hepatic arterial infusion (heh-PA-tik ar-TEER-ee-ul in-FYOO-zhun) A procedure to deliver chemotherapy directly to the liver.
  4. hepatic arterial occlusion (heh-PA-tik ar-TEER-ee-ul uh-KLOO-zhun) A block in blood flow to the liver. It can happen while giving chemotherapy through a catheter in the hepatic…
  5. hepatic artery (hih-PA-tik AR-tuh-ree) The major blood vessel that carries blood to the liver.
  6. hepatic portal vein A blood vessel that carries blood to the liver from the stomach, small and large intestines, spleen, pancreas, and gallbladder. Also called portal vein.
  7. hepatic veno-occlusive disease A condition in which some of the veins in the liver are blocked. It is sometimes a complication of high-dose chemotherapy given before a bone marrow…
  8. hepatitis (HEH-puh-TY-tis) Disease of the liver causing inflammation. Symptoms include an enlarged liver, fever, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and dark urine.
  9. hepatitis A vaccine (HEH-puh-TY-tis ... vak-SEEN) A vaccine used to prevent infection with the hepatitis A virus, which causes a serious liver disease.
  10. hepatitis A virus (HEH-puh-TY-tis ... VY-rus) A virus that causes a serious liver disease. It is usually spread by contact with an infected person's stool by eating food he…
  11. Hepatitis B A serious disease that affects the liver. It is caused by the hepatitis B virus.
  12. hepatitis B virus (HEH-puh-TY-tis ... VY-rus) A virus that causes hepatitis (inflammation of the liver). It is carried and passed to others through blood or sexual contact.
  13. hepatitis C virus (HEH-puh-TY-tis ... VY-rus) A virus that causes hepatitis (inflammation of the liver). It is carried and passed to others through blood or sexual contact.
  14. hepatitis D virus (HEH-puh-TY-tis … VY-rus) A type of hepatitis virus that may be present in the body at the same time as the hepatitis B virus.
  15. hepatitis delta virus (HEH-puh-TY-tis DEL-tuh VY-rus) A type of hepatitis virus that may be present in the body at the same time as the hepatitis B virus.
  16. hepatitis E virus (HEH-puh-TY-tis … VY-rus) A virus that causes hepatitis (inflammation of the liver).
  17. hepatitis G virus (HEH-puh-TY-tis … VY-rus) A virus that may be found in patients with hepatitis (inflammation of the liver).
  18. hepatobiliary Having to do with the liver, bile ducts, and/or gallbladder.
  19. hepatoblastoma (HEP-a-toh-blas-TOH-muh) A type of liver tumor that occurs in infants and children.
  20. hepatocellular carcinoma (HEP-a-toe-SEL-yoo-ler KAR-sih-NOH-muh) A type of adenocarcinoma, the most common type of liver tumor.
  21. Hepatocyte (HEP-a-toe-site) A liver cell.
  22. Hepatocytes Liver cells.
  23. hepatoma (hep-a-TOE-ma) A liver tumor.
  24. Hepatomegaly Enlarged liver.
  25. HER-2/neu or Herceptin (R) See Monoclonal antibody
  26. HER1 The protein found on the surface of some cells and to which epidermal growth factor binds, causing the cells to divide.
  27. HER2/neu A protein involved in normal cell growth. It is found in high levels on some breast cancer cells.
  28. HERA (1) An improved surrogate TBM test target. (2) Two-stage, ground launched solid propellant theater target vehicle. (MDA Lexicon)
  29. herba Scutellaria barbatae An herb used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat certain medical problems. It may have anticancer effects.
  30. Herbaceous The plant strata that contain soft, not woody, stemmed plants that die to the ground in winter.
  31. herbaceous energy crops Perennial non-woody crops that are harvested annually, though they may take two to three years to reach full productivity.
  32. herbaceous plants Non-woody species of vegetation, usually of low lignin content such as grasses.
  33. herbal (ER-bul) Having to do with plants.
  34. herbal medicine (ER-bul MEH-dih-sin) A type of medicine that uses roots, stems, leaves, flowers, or seeds of plants to improve health, prevent disease, and treat illness.
  35. herbal supplement (ER-bul SUH-pleh-ment) A product made from a plant that is thought to be useful in treating disease or staying healthy.
  36. Herbicide A chemical that kills plants.
  37. herbicide resistance The ability of a plant to remain unaffected by the application of a herbicide.
  38. Herbicide-tolerant crop Crop plants that have been developed to survive application(s) of one or more commercially available herbicides by the incorporation of certain gene(s)…
  39. Herbivore Animal that feeds on plants.
  40. Herceptin (her-SEP-tin) A monoclonal antibody that binds to HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2), and can kill HER2-positive cancer cells.
  41. Herd Area (HA) Following passage of the Wild Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act (WFRHBA) in 1971, the Bureau of Land Management was directed to identify areas where wild…
  42. Herd Management Area (HMA) An area that has been designated for management of wild horses and/or burros.
  43. here document So called because of a similar construct in shells that pretends that the lines following the "command" are a separate "file" to be fed to the command, up…
  44. hereditary (huh-REH-dih-tayr-ee) Transmitted from parent to child by information contained in the genes.
  45. Hereditary cancer Cancer that occurs due to the inheritance of an altered gene within a family. See also: sporadic cancer
  46. hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer syndrome (heh-REH-dih-TAYR-ee LY-oh-MY-oh-muh-TOH-sis ... REE-nul SEL KAN-ser SIN-drome) A rare inherited disorder that increases the risk of developing benign…
  47. hereditary mutation (huh-REH-dih-TAYR-ee myoo-TAY-shun) A gene change in a body's reproductive cell (egg or sperm) that becomes incorporated into the DNA of every cell in the…
  48. hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (huh-REH-dih-TAYR-ee NON-PAH-lee-POH-sis KOH-lun KAN-ser) An inherited disorder in which affected individuals have a higher-than-normal chance of…
  49. heredity Resemblance among individuals related by descent; transmission of traits from parents to offspring.
  50. HERF Abbreviation for hazards of electromagnetic radiation to fuel.
  51. heritability The degree to which a given trait is controlled by inheritance, as opposed to being controlled by non-genetic factors.
  52. heritable genetic effects Genetic damage caused by an external agent such as radiation, which manifests itself in the gene carrier and is capable of being passed on to succeeding…
  53. hermaphrodite 1. An animal that has both male and female reproductive organs, or a mixture of male and female attributes. 2.
  54. HERO Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordnance (SM-2 Bk IVA).
  55. HERP Abbreviation for hazards of electromagnetic radiation to personnel.
  56. herpesvirus (HER-peez-VY-rus) A member of the herpes family of viruses.
  57. Herpetofauna Amphibian and reptile species including frogs, toads, salamanders, turtles, lizards, and snakes.
  58. Hertz A measure of the number of cycles or wavelengths of electrical energy per second; U.S. electricity supply has a standard frequency of 60 hertz.
  59. Hertz (Hz) The unit of measurement of frequency, equivalent to one cycle per second.
  60. Hertzian wave Synonym radio wave.
  61. hES cell Human embryonic stem cell; a type of pluripotent stem cell.
  62. HESP High Efficiency Solar Panel.
  63. heteroallele A gene having mutations at two or more different sites.
  64. Heterochromatin Dark-stained regions of chromosomes thought to be for the most part genetically inactive.
  65. heterochronous A relationship between two signals such that their corresponding significant instants do not necessarily occur at the same time.
  66. heterocyclic amine (HEH-tuh-roh-SY-klik A-meen) A chemical that is formed when meat, poultry, or fish is cooked at high temperatures, such as frying, broiling, and…
  67. Heteroduplex A double-stranded DNA molecule or DNA-RNA hybrid, where each strand is of a different origin.
  68. heteroduplex analysis The use of the electrophoretic mobility of to estimate the degree of non-homology between the sequences of the two strands.
  69. heterodyne To generate new frequencies by mixing two or more signals in a nonlinear device such as a vacuum tube, transistor, or diode mixer.
  70. heterodyne repeater In radio reception and retransmission, a repeater that converts the original band of frequencies of the received signal to a different frequency band for…
  71. heterogametic Producing unlike gametes with regard to the sex chromosomes. In mammals, the XY male is heterogametic, and the XX female is homogametic.
  72. Heterogeneity See: genetic heterogeneity.
  73. heterogeneous Made up of elements or ingredients that are not alike.
  74. heterogeneous collection A collection of objects with different dynamic types. See homogeneous collection.
  75. heterogeneous multiplexing Multiplexing in which not all the information-bearer channels operate at the same data signaling rate.
  76. Heterogeneous Network A network that includes computers and other devices that run different operating systems.
  77. heterogeneous nuclear RNA (Abbreviation: hnRNA ). Large RNA molecules, which are found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell and the precursors of mRNA and other RNA molecules.
  78. Heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) The name originally given to large RNA molecules found in the nucleus, which are now known to be unedited mRNA transcripts, or pre-mRNAs. (See RNA.)
  79. heterogenic (het-er-o-JEN-ik) Derived from a different source or species. Also called heterogenous.
  80. heterogenous Derived from a different source or species. Also called heterogenic.
  81. Heterojunction A region of electrical contact between two different materials.
  82. heterokaryon A cell with two or more different nuclei as a result of cell fusion. See: synkaryon.
  83. Heterologous From a different source.
  84. heterologous probe A DNA probe that is derived from one species and used to screen for a similar DNA sequence from another species.
  85. heterologous protein See: recombinant protein.
  86. heteroplasmy A condition in which two genetically different organelles are present in the same cell. The equivalent to heterozygous in the context of nuclear genes.
  87. heteroploid Cells with nuclei containing chromosome numbers other than diploid.
  88. heteropyknosis The property of certain chromosomes, or of their parts, to remain more dense during the cell cycle and to stain more intensely than other chromosomes or…
  89. heterosis See: hybrid vigour.
  90. heterotroph Organism non capable of self-nourishment utilizing carbon dioxide or carbonates as the sole source of carbon and obtaining energy from radiant energy or…
  91. heterotrophic (adj.) See: heterotroph.
  92. Heterozygosity The presence of different alleles at one or more loci on homologous chromosomes.
  93. Heterozygote An individual with non-identical alleles for a particular gene or genes. The condition is termed "heterozygous". Opposite: homozygote.
  94. heterozygous (adj.) See: heterozygote.
  95. HEU Highly Enriched Uranium.
  96. heuristic A computational method that uses trial and error methods to approximate a solution for computationally difficult problems.
  97. heuristic attribute This attribute enables envelope journaling at the Exchange organizational level.
  98. heuristic routing Routing in which data, such as time delay, extracted from incoming messages, during specified periods and over different routes, are used to determine the…
  99. hexadecimal A number system with a base of 16. The digits are 0-9 and A-F, where F equals the decimal value of 15.
  100. hexose Any of various simple sugars that have six carbon atoms per molecule (e.g. glucose, mannose, and galactose.)