ExpertGlossary terms starting with R

2,379 terms

ribosomal binding site A sequence of nucleotides near the 5' end of a bacterial mRNA molecule that facilitates the binding of the mRNA to the small ribosomal sub-unit.
ribosomal DNA The coding locus for ribosomal RNA. This is generally a large and complex locus, typically composed of a large number of repeat units, separated from one…
ribosomal RNA (Abbreviation: rRNA). The RNA molecules that are essential structural and functional components of ribosomes, where protein synthesis occurs.
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) The RNA component of the ribosome. (See RNA.)
Ribosome Cellular organelle that is the site of protein synthesis during translation. See Organelle, Translation.
Ribosome-binding site The region of an mRNA molecule that binds the ribosome to initiate translation.
ribosome-inactivating protein (Abbreviation: RIP). A class of plant proteins that inhibit normal ribosome function, and are thus highly toxic.
Ribosomes Small cellular components composed of specialized ribosomal RNA and protein; site of protein synthesis. See also: RNA
Ribozyme See Catalytic RNA.
ribulose A keto-pentose sugar (C5H11O5) involved in the carbon dioxide fixation pathway of photosynthesis.
ribulose biphosphate (Abbreviation: RuBP). A five-carbon sugar combined with carbon dioxide to form a six-carbon intermediate in the first stage of the dark reaction of…
RICBM Retro Intercontinental Ballistic Missile.
rich-text field A field that can contain text, objects, file attachments, and pictures. Notes users can tell they are in a rich-text field if the status bar at the bottom…
Richter Magnitude Scale Developed in 1935 by Charles Richter to measure and compare the size of earthquakes.
Richter scale A scale of numerical values, proposed by C. F. Richter, to describe the magnitude of an earthquake, ranging from 1 to 9, by measurements made in…
Richter syndrome (RIK-ter SIN-drome) A rare condition in which chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) changes into a fast-growing type of lymphoma.
Richter transformation (RIK-ter TRANZ-for-MAY-shun) A rare condition in which chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) changes into a fast-growing type of lymphoma.
RID The portion of a security identifier (SID) that identifies a user or group in relation to the authority that issued the SID.
Riddick's Senate Procedure Named after Senate Parliamentarian Emeritus Floyd M. Riddick, this Senate document contains the contemporary precedents and practices of the Senate.
Ride height The distance between the car's frame rails and the ground.
Rider A written agreement attached to the policy expanding or limiting the benefits otherwise payable under the policy. Same as an "endorsement."
Rider (exclusionary rider) A rider is an amendment to an insurance policy. Some riders will add coverage (for example, if you buy a maternity rider to add coverage for pregnancy to…
Rider bet A bet made by another player on someone's hand. This bet is placed behind the original bet.
Ridge A line or wall of broken ice forced up by pressure. May be fresh or weathered.
Ridge Ending A minutiae point at the ending of a friction ridge, as illustrated below. See also bifurcation, friction ridge.
Ridge Ice Ice piled haphazardly one piece over another in the form of ridges or walls.
ridgeline A line representing the intersection or top between opposite slopes. Commonly used as a parcel line.
rifampin A drug used in the treatment of infections caused by bacteria. It belongs to the family of drugs called antibiotics.
Riffle A stretch of choppy water caused by an underlying rock shoal or sandbar. A run is a long riffle.
Riffle and pool complex A water habitat composed of riffles (characterized by water flowing rapidly over a coarse substrate) and pools (deeper areas of water associated with…
Rift An area where the Earth's crust and lithosphere is being pulled apart by extensional tectonic forces.
Rift zone A tectonic feature characterized by a central linear downfaulted segment (graben) with parallel normal faulting and flanking uplifts (horsts).
Rigging Wire cables, chain length, ratchets and other miscellaneous gear used for securing barges in a tow.
Right Abutment See abutment.
Right Ascension The celestial longitude of the sun. This value is 0 at the vernal equinox, 90 at the summer solstice, 180 at the autumnal equinox and 270 at the winter…
Right Bank The right descending bank of a river on which black buoys, green or white lights, and white or silver reflective material are maintained.
Right Entrance Region Used interchangably with Right Rear Quadrant; the area upstream from and to the right of an upper-level jet max (as would be viewed looking along the…
Right Mover A thunderstorm that moves appreciably to the right relative to the main steering winds and to other nearby thunderstorms.
Right of First Refusal A provision in an agreement that requires the owner of a property to give another party the first opportunity to purchase or lease the property before he…
Right of Offset Banks' legal right to seize funds that a guarantor or debtor may have on deposit to cover a loan in default. It is also known as the right of set-off.
Right of Priority The right to priority of invention established by filing the first patent application in an appropriate patent office. MPEP 201.13, MPEP 201.
Right of Rescission Right to cancel, within three business days, a contract that uses the home of a person as collateral, except in the case of a first mortgage loan.
Right of way The right of a party to pass over the land of another.
Right Rear Quadrant (Abbrev. RRQ) - Used interchangably with Right Entrance Region; the area upstream from and to the right of an upper-level jet max (as would be viewed…
right shift A "bit shift" that divides a number by some power of 2.
right shift operator The right shift operator (>>) is a bit manipulation operator. It moves the bits in its left operand zero or more places to the right, according to the…
Right to counsel The Sixth Amendment to the Constitution provides that, "the accused shall enjoy the right to ... have the assistance of counsel for his defense."
right-hand (or clockwise) polarized wave An elliptically or circularly polarized wave, in which the electric field vector, observed in any fixed plane, normal to the direction of propagation…
right-hand rule Synonym Fleming's rule.
Right-lateral fault See Fault, right-lateral
Right-of-way (ROW) The legal right to cross the lands of another. Also used to indicate the strip of land for a road, railroad, or power line.
Right. A temporary privilege granted to existing common shareholders to purchase additional shares directly from the company at a stated price.
rights See definition for user rights
Rights of survivorship If two or more people own property jointly with rights of survivorship and one of the owners should die, the deceased owner's share of the property…
Rights offering In a rights offering, also known as a subscription right, a company offers existing shareholders the opportunity to buy additional shares of company stock…
Rigid Insulation Board An insulation product made of a fibrous material or plastic foams, pressed or extruded into board-like forms.
Rigid pipe Pipe designed to transmit the backfill load to the foundation beneath the pipe. Rigid pipe must be supported on the bottom portion of the pipe.
Rigor Severe shaking chill.
Rigor mortis Stiffening of the body after death; a time dependent change that helps determine time of death.
RIIA Royal Institute of International Affairs (UK).
Rijndael Cryptographic algorithm specified in the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES).
RIL Repair Items List (ILS term).
Rill A small and shallow incision into topsoil layers resulting from erosion by overland flow or surface runoff that is common on slopes of unvegetated ground…
RIM Records and information management.
RIM (records and information management) field of management responsible for the efficient and systematic control of the creation, receipt, maintenance, use, and disposition of records, including…
Rime Rime A white or milky and opaque granular deposit of ice formed by the rapid freezing of super-cooled water drops as they impinge upon an exposed object.
Rime Ice An opaque coating of tiny, white, granular ice particles caused by the rapid freezing of supercooled water droplets on impact with an object.
RIMS II multipliers Estimates of regional input-output multipliers for any state, county, or combination of states or counties.
rinderpest Cattle plague; a viral infection of cattle, sheep and goats.
ring In telephony, a signal of specific duration and character that indicates to a user (customer, subscriber) that a calling party is engaged in an access…
Ring Game A regular poker game as opposed to a tournament. Also referred to as a "live" game since actual money is in play instead of tournament chips.
Ring gate A ring- or annular-shaped steel drum operating in a recess or gate chamber in a spillway crest and controlled in a manner similar to a drum gate. See gate.
ring latency In a ring network, such as a token ring network, the time required for a signal to propagate once around the ring.
ring network See network topology.
Ring seal gate Similar to a paradox gate, however sealing is by a moveable seal, which is extended by water pressure when the gate is closed.
ring topology See network topology.
ring transit time See round-trip delay time.
ring trip Removal of an alerting signal in response to a loop closure. [T1.407-1997]
Ring-fencing Techniques used to isolate the credit risk of a subsidiary within a corporation from the risk of its affiliated companies.
Ring-follower gate A gate consisting of a rectangular leaf and an opening equal in diameter to that of the conduit that forms an unobstructed passageway when the leaf is in…
ringaround 1. The improper routing of a call back through a switching center already engaged in attempting to complete the same call. 2.
ringback signal In telephony, a signal, usually consisting of an audio tone interrupted at a slow rate, provided to a caller to indicate that the called-party instrument…
ringback tone Synonym audible ringing tone.
ringdown In telephony, a method of signaling an operator in which telephone ringing current is sent over the line to operate a lamp and cause the drop of a…
ringdown circuit In telephony, a circuit in which manually generated signaling power is used to perform ringdown.
ringdown signaling In telephony, the application of a signal to a line (a) to operate a line signal lamp or a supervisory signal lamp at a switchboard or (b) to ring a…
ringer equivalency number (REN) A number determined in accordance with the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 47, part 68, which number represents the ringer loading effect on a line.
ringing Oscillations that occur in the output of systems after a sudden change in the input. [T1.646-1995]
ringing cycle In traditional telephony, a nominal period (usually approximately 6 seconds) composed of alternate (a) ringing signals (ringing current) and (b) a silent…
ringing signal 1. The alternating current (ac) component of the alerting signal. [T1.401-1988] [T1.407-1990] 2.
Rinsate Water that is used to rinse or clean equipment or reaction vessels and that may, as a result, become contaminated and require special handling and…
RINT Unintentional Radiation Intelligence.
RIOGD Rio Grande
Riometer (Relative Ionospheric Opacity meter). A specially designed radio receiver for continuous monitoring of cosmic noise.
RIP The procedures used to unbundle email collections into individual emails during the e-discovery process while preserving authenticity and ownership.
rip cord Of an optical cable, a parallel cord of strong yarn that is situated under the jacket(s) of the cable for the purpose of facilitating jacket removal…
Rip Current A relatively small-scale surf-zone current moving away from the beach. Rip currents form as waves disperse along the beach causing water to become trapped…
Rip Rap A layer of stones, broken rock or precast blocks placed in random fashion on the upstream slope of an embankment dam, on a reservoir shore or on the sides…
Rip Tide See RIP CURRENTS
Riparian Relating to, living in, or located on the bank of a river, lake, or tidewater.