ExpertGlossary terms starting with S

4,972 terms

SHRTWV Shortwave - a disturbance in the mid or upper part of the atmosphere which induces upward motion ahead of it.
Shrub A plant with persistent woody stems and relatively low growth form; usually produces several basal shoots as opposed to a single bole; differs from a tree…
Shrub-steppe Habitat primarily composed of various shrubs and grasses.
Shrubsteppe obligate A species that is dependent on shrubsteppe habitats to provide food and/or habitat necessary for its survival.
SHSN Snow showers
Shuffle At the start of each game when the dealer mixes up the order of the cards is said to shuffle the cards.
Shuffle Master A company which manufactures automatic shuffling machines which constantly shuffle the blackjack decks.
Shuffle tracking An advantage play technique in blackjack where a player keeps track of where the high cards are in the deck, then cuts into the deck so that the…
Shuffle Up Premature shuffling of playing cards by the dealer.
shunt In medicine, a passage that is made to allow blood or other fluid to move from one part of the body to another.
Shunt Load An electrical load used to safely use excess generated power when not needed for its primary uses.
shut down To halt and power off a computer.
shutdown action A predefined bootstrap action that launches a script that executes a series of commands in parallel before terminating the job flow.
Shutter An interior or exterior movable panel that operates on hinges or slides into place, used to protect windows or provide privacy.
Shutter Dogs The metal attachments which hold shutters in an open position against the face of a building.
shuttle vector A plasmid capable of replicating in two different host organisms because it carries two different origins of replication and can therefore be used to…
SHV A server software counterpart to a system health agent (SHA). A system health validator verifies the statement of health (SoH) made by its respective SHA.
SHWR Shower
SI Special Intelligence.
SI&I Systems Integration and Interoperability.
sialic acid (sy-A-lik A-sid) Any of a group of simple sugar molecules.
sialyl Tn-KLH A vaccine composed of a substance that enhances immunity plus an antigen found on some tumors of the colon, breast, lung, ovary, pancreas, and stomach.
sib-mating The deliberate crossing of siblings. Generally done where self-incompatibility prevents the production of self-fertilized progeny.
Siberian High Siberian High An area of high pressure which forms over Siberia in winter, and which is particularly apparent on mean charts of sea-level pressure.
Sibling (SIB-ling) A person's brother or sister who has the same parents.
sibling document In a view or folder, a document at the same level as another document.
sibling sub classes Classes that have the same immediate super class. See inheritance hierarchy.
SIC See Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)
sickle cell anemia (SIH-kul sel uh-NEE-mee-uh) An inherited disease in which the red blood cells have an abnormal crescent shape, block small blood vessels, and do not last…
sickle cell disease (SIH-kul sel dih-ZEEZ) An inherited disease in which the red blood cells have an abnormal crescent shape, block small blood vessels, and do not last as…
SICPS Standard Integrated Command Post Shelter.
SID See definition for: security ID (SID)
SID filter quarantining A strict form of security identifier (SID) filtering that is applied to external trust relationships by default, which prevents any SIDs that are not part…
SID filtering A security enhancement that is applied to all Active Directory trust relationships to reduce the possibility of escalation of privilege attacks from…
SIDAC Single Integrated Damage Assessment Capability.
SIDD System Interface Description Document (US Army term).
Side Channel Spillway A spillway whose crest is roughly parallel to the channel immediately downstream of the spillway.
side circuit Either of the two circuits used to derive a phantom circuit.
Side count An additional count of a particular set of cards, kept in addition to the point count. Aces are often tracked in a side count.
side effect An effect of a drug, chemical, or other medicine that is in addition to its intended effect, especially an effect that is harmful or unpleasant.
side effects Something extra that happens when you evaluate an "expression". Nowadays it can refer to almost anything.
side lobe In a directional antenna radiation pattern, a lobe in any direction other than that of the main lobe.
Side population (SP) stem cell Two examples of multipotent stem cell populations found in bone marrow and skeletal muscle. SPs are not yet fully characterized.
Side Pot A pot created in which a player has no interest because he has run out of chips.
side-to-end coloanal anastomosis A surgical procedure in which the side of the colon is attached to the anus after the rectum has been removed.
sideband In amplitude modulation (AM), a band of frequencies higher than or lower than the carrier frequency, containing energy as a result of the modulation…
sideband transmission See single-sideband transmission.
Sidebar A conference between the judge and lawyers or pro se litigant, usually held in the courtroom, but neither the jury nor other people in the courtroom may…
Sidelight A vertically framed area of fixed glass, often subdivided into panes, flanking a door.
Sidelobe A secondary energy maximum located outside the main radar beam. Typically, it contains a small percentage of energy compared to the main lobe, but it may…
Sidelobes Residual EMR surrounding the main beam, which is of weaker power than the main beam.
sideropenic dysphagia A disorder marked by anemia caused by iron deficiency, and a web-like growth of membranes in the throat that makes swallowing difficult.
siderophore A low molecular weight entity that binds very tightly to iron. Siderophores are synthesized by a variety of soil micro-organisms to ensure that the…
sidetone The sound of the speaker's own voice (and background noise) as heard in the speaker's telephone receiver.
Siding A construction element applied to the outermost surface of an exterior wall.
SIDPERS Standard Installation Division Personnel System (US Army term).
SIDS The sudden and unexpected death of a healthy child who is younger than one year old, usually during sleep. The cause of SIDS is not known.
SIE SATKA Integrated Experiment.
sieve cell A long and slender sieve element in vascular plants, characterized by relatively unspecialized sieve areas and tapering end walls that lack sieve plates.
sieve element The phloem cell concerned with longitudinal conduction of food materials.
sieve plate Perforated wall area in a sieve tube element, through which strands connecting sieve tube protoplasts can pass.
sieve tube A tube within the phloem tissue of a plant, composed of joined sieve elements.
sievert (Sv) A unit for expressing the equivalent magnitude of an absorbed dose which has been adjusted by a factor that expresses the relative tissue damage potential…
SIF (1) System Integration Facility. (2) Selective Identification Feature
SIG Abbreviation for special interest group. 1. Within a given technical discipline or area of knowledge, a circle of individuals or organizations having an…
Sight line drawing A drawing representing an uninterrupted view from eye level
Sight-cast, sight-casting, sight-fish, sight-fishing The technique of casting and fishing when the fish are spotted first.
Sightseeing companies Organizations that provide local guided tours.
Sightseeing guide See driver/guide.
Sightseeing tour Short excursions of usually a few hours that focus on sightseeing and/or attraction visits.
SIGINT Signal Intelligence.
sigma factor The sub-unit of prokaryotic RNA polymerases responsible for the initiation of transcription at specific initiation sequences.
Sigma Heat The sum of sensible heat and latent heat in a substance above a base temperature, typically 32 degrees Fahrenheit.
SIGMET Significant Meteorological Advisory
sigmoid colon (SIG-moyd KO-lun) The S-shaped section of the colon that connects to the rectum.
Sigmoidoscope (sig-MOY-doh-skope) A thin, tube-like instrument used to examine the inside of the colon.
sigmoidoscopy (sig-MOY-DOS-koh-pee) Examination of the lower colon using a sigmoidoscope, inserted into the rectum.
Sign A fixture or area containing lettering or logos used to advertise a store, goods, or services.
Sign band The flat, horizontal area on the facade usually located immediately above the storefront and below the second story window sill where signs were…
sign bit In twos-complement notation, the most significant bit in an integer value is used to determine the sign of the value.
sign extension When an integer value from a type with a particular range is stored in a variable with a bigger range, Java uses sign extension to determine the resulting…
sign-out See check-out.
Signage Any lettering or logos in general, used to advertise a store, goods, or services.
signal A bolt out of the blue; that is, an event triggered by the "operating system", probably when you're least expecting it.
signal center A combination of signal communication facilities operated by the Army in the field and consisting of a communications center, telephone switching central…
signal compression In analog (usually audio) systems, reduction of the dynamic range of a signal by controlling it as a function of the inverse relationship of its…
signal contrast In facsimile, the ratio of the level of the white signal to the level of the black signal. Note: Signal contrast is usually expressed in dB.
signal conversion equipment Synonym modem.
signal distance A measure of the difference between a given signal and a reference signal. Note: For analog signals, the signal distance is the root mean square…
signal distortion See distortion.
signal droop In an otherwise essentially flat-topped rectangular pulse, distortion characterized by a decline of the pulse top.
signal duration A multifrequency (MF) or dual-tone multifrequency (DTMF) signal timing interval during which the signal is being transmitted.
signal element A part of a signal, distinguished by its nature, magnitude, duration, transition, or relative position.
signal expansion Restoration of the dynamic range of a compressed signal.
signal frequency shift See frequency shift.
signal handler A "subroutine" that, instead of being content to be called in the normal fashion, sits around waiting for a bolt out of the blue before it will deign to…
signal intelligence See signals intelligence.
signal level In a communications system, the signal power or intensity at a specified point and with respect to a specified reference level, e.g., 1 mW.
signal message In communications systems, a message, i.e., an assembly of signaling information, that (a) includes associated message alignment and service indications…
signal peptide See: signal sequence.