transurethral needle ablation(TRANZ-yoo-REE-thrul NEE-dul a-BLAY-shun) A procedure that is used to treat benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH).
transurethral radiofrequency ablation(TRANZ-yoo-REE-thrul RAY-dee-oh-FREE-kwen-see a-BLAY-shun) A procedure that is used to treat benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH).
transurethral resection(TRANZ-yoo-REE-thrul ree-SEK-shun) Surgery performed with a special instrument inserted through the urethra. Also called TUR.
transurethral resection of the prostate(TRANZ-yoo-REE-thrul ree-SEK-shun ... PROS-tayt) A surgical procedure to remove tissue from the prostate using an instrument inserted through the urethra.
transvaginal sonography(tranz-VA-jih-nul soh-NAH-gruh-fee) A procedure used to examine the vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and bladder.
transvaginal ultrasound(tranz-VA-jih-nul UL-truh-SOWND) A procedure used to examine the vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and bladder.
trastuzumab(tras-TOO-zuh-mab) A monoclonal antibody that binds to HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2), and can kill HER2-positive cancer cells.
Trauma(TRAW-muh) Injury to the body, or an event that causes long-lasting mental or emotional damage.
Traumeel SA substance that contains minerals and extracts of 14 plants, including belladonna, arnica, St. John's wort, and Echinacea.
Treanda(tree-AN-duh) A drug that is used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer.
TreatmentAdministration or application of remedies to a patient or for a disease or injury.
treatment fieldIn radiation therapy, the place on the body where the radiation beam is aimed.
Treatment OptionA medicine or therapy to treat a problem. A treatment option may be a pill, a shot, exercise, operation, or a combination of things.
Treatment PlanA road map or plan that a patient will follow on his or her path through treatment of a medical condition.
Trelstar(TREL-star) A drug that is used to treat advanced prostate cancer, and is being studied in the treatment of breast cancer.
Trends Over TimeThe change in rate over time expressed as an annual percent change.
treosulfanA substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.
trephine(TREE-fine) A surgical tool used to cut out circular pieces of bone or other tissue.
tretinoinA form of vitamin A that is made by the body, and can also be made in the laboratory.
triacetyluridine(try-ASS-uh-til-YOOR-ih-deen) A substance that is being studied for its ability to protect against the gastrointestinal side effects caused by…
triamcinolone(try-am-SIN-oh-lone) A substance that is being studied for the prevention of nonmelanoma skin cancer.
TriapineA substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor.
tributyrinA triglyceride drug that may inhibit cell growth and induce cell differentiation.
TRICAREA health care program for active-duty and retired uniformed services members and their families.
trichothiodystrophy(TRIK-oh-thy-oh-DIS-truh-fee) A hereditary condition characterized by sparse and brittle hair, short stature, and mental retardation.
TriCor(TRY-kor) A drug used to treat high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood.
tricyclic antidepressant(try-SY-klik AN-tee-dee-PREH-sunt) A type of drug used to treat depression.
Trifolium pratense(try-FOH-lee-um pray-TEN-see) A plant whose flowers have been used in some cultures to treat certain medical problems.
trigeminal nerveThe main sensory nerve of the head and face, and the motor nerve of the muscles used in chewing. Also called fifth cranial nerve.
trigger(TRIH-ger) In medicine, a specific event that starts a process or that causes a particular outcome.
trigger point acupuncture(TRIH-ger poynt AK-yoo-PUNK-cher) Use of acupuncture to treat pain by inserting needles into trigger points on the body.
triiodothyronine(try-I-oh-doh-THY-ruh-neen) A thyroid hormone. Also called T-3.
Trilisate(TRIH-lih-sayt) A substance used to treat arthritis and relieve pain, inflammation, and fever.
trimetrexate glucuronateA drug that belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites. It is used in the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and is being studied in…
Triostat(TRY-oh-stat) A drug that is used to treat certain thyroid (a gland located near the voice box) conditions.
triptorelin(trip-toh-REL-in) A drug that is used to treat advanced prostate cancer, and is being studied in the treatment of breast cancer.
Trisenox(TRIH-seh-nox) A drug used to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) that has not gotten better or that has come back after treatment with other…
Trophoblast(TROH-foh-BLAST) A thin layer of cells that helps a developing embryo attach to the wall of the uterus, protects the embryo, and forms a part of the…
TrophozoiteA developmental form during the blood stage of malaria parasites. After merozoites have invaded the red blood cell, they develop into trophozoites…
tropisetron(troh-PIH-seh-tron) A substance used to treat nausea and vomiting caused by cancer treatment. It is not available in the United States.
troxacitabineA drug being studied for use as an anticancer agent.
true lavender(...LA-vun-der) A plant with aromatic leaves and flowers that is a member of the mint family.
TRUSA procedure in which a probe that sends out high-energy sound waves is inserted into the rectum.
TrustA fiduciary relationship in which a person, called a trustee, holds title to property for the benefit of another person, called a beneficiary.
TSEB radiation therapy(... RAY-dee-AY-shun THAYR-uh-pee) A type of radiation therapy using electrons that is directed at the entire surface of the body.
TSHA hormone produced by the pituitary gland. TSH stimulates the release of thyroid hormone from thyroglobulin.
TTI-237A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called mitotic inhibitors.
TTYA TTY (teletypewriter) is a communication device used by people who are deaf, hard-of-hearing, or have severe speech impairment.
tubal ligation(TOO-bul lye-GAY-shun) An operation to tie the fallopian tubes closed. This procedure prevents pregnancy by blocking the passage of eggs from the ovaries…
tubefeedingA type of enteral nutrition (nutrition that is delivered into the digestive system in a liquid form).
tuberculosis(too-BER-kyoo-LOH-sis) A disease caused by a specific type of bacteria that spreads from one person to another through the air.
tuberous sclerosisA genetic disorder in which benign (noncancerous) tumors form in the kidneys, brain, eyes, heart, lungs, and skin.
tubulin(TOO-byuh-lin) One of a group of proteins found in high levels in the cell cytoplasm (fluid inside a cell but outside the cell's nucleus).
tubulovillous adenoma(TOO-byoo-loh-VIH-lus A-deh-NOH-muh) A type of polyp that grows in the colon and other places in the gastrointestinal tract and sometimes in other parts…
tui na(twee-nah) Chinese massage that uses kneading, pressing, rolling, shaking, and stretching of the body.
TumefactionsSwelling and edema caused by insulin injections.
Tumor(TOO-mer) An abnormal mass of tissue that results when cells divide more than they should or do not die when they should.
tumor antigen vaccine(â¦AN-tih-JENâ¦) A vaccine made of cancer cells, parts of cancer cells, or pure tumor antigens (substances isolated from tumor cells).
tumor board reviewA treatment planning approach in which a number of doctors who are experts in different specialties (disciplines) review and discuss the medical condition…
tumor burdenRefers to the number of cancer cells, the size of a tumor, or the amount of cancer in the body. Also called tumor load.
tumor debulking(TOO-mer dee-BUL-king) Surgical removal of as much of a tumor as possible. Tumor debulking may increase the chance that chemotherapy or radiation therapy…
tumor initiation(TOO-mer ih-NIH-shee-AY-shun) A process in which normal cells are changed so that they are able to form tumors.
tumor loadRefers to the number of cancer cells, the size of a tumor, or the amount of cancer in the body. Also called tumor burden.
tumor marker(TOO-mer ...) A substance that may be found in tumor tissue or released from a tumor into the blood or other body fluids.
tumor microenvironment(TOO-mer MY-kroh-en-VY-run-MENT) The normal cells, molecules, and blood vessels that surround and feed a tumor cell.
tumor model(TOO-mer MAH-dul) Cells, tissues, or animals used to study the development and progression of cancer, and to test new treatments before they are given to…
tumor necrosis factor(TOO-mer neh-KROH-sis FAK-ter) A protein made by white blood cells in response to an antigen (substance that causes the immune system to make a specific…
tumor promotion(TOO-mer pruh-MOE-shun) A process in which existing tumors are stimulated to grow. Tumor promoters are not able to cause tumors to form.
tumor suppressor gene(TOO-mer suh-PREH-ser jeen) A type of gene that makes a protein called a tumor suppressor protein that helps control cell growth.
tumor volume(TOO-mer VOL-yoom) The size of a cancer measured by the amount of space taken up by the tumor.
tumor-derivedTaken from an individual's own tumor tissue; may be used in the development of a vaccine that enhances the body's ability to build an immune response to…
tumor-specific antigenA protein or other molecule that is unique to cancer cells or is much more abundant in them.
TURSurgery performed with a special instrument inserted through the urethra. Also called transurethral resection.
Turkish rhubarb(... ROO-barb) The root of this plant has been used in some cultures to treat certain medical problems.
turmeric(TER-meh-rik) An East Indian plant that is a member of the ginger family and is used as a spice and food color.
TURPA surgical procedure to remove tissue from the prostate using an instrument inserted through the urethra.
TVSA procedure used to examine the vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and bladder.
TykerbA drug used with another anticancer drug to treat breast cancer that is HER2 positive and has advanced or metastasized (spread to other parts of the body)…
tympanitesSwelling of the abdomen caused by gas in the intestines or peritoneal cavity. Also called meteorism.
type 1 diabetesA condition in which the pancreas makes so little insulin that the body can’t use blood glucose as energy.
type 2 diabetesA condition in which the body either makes too little insulin or can’t use the insulin it makes to use blood glucose as energy.
type 3 serotonin receptor antagonist(...SAYR-uh-TOH-nin reh-SEP-ter an-TAG-uh-nist) A type of drug used to treat certain types of irritable bowel syndrome and relieve nausea and vomiting.
type C thymomaA rare type of thymus gland cancer. It usually spreads, has a high risk of recurrence, and has a poor survival rate.
tyrosinase peptide(ty-RAH-sih-NAYZâ¦) A protein that is made from tumor cells and is used in a vaccine against melanoma.
tyrosine kinase inhibitorA drug that interferes with cell communication and growth and may prevent tumor growth. Some tyrosine kinase inhibitors are used to treat cancer.
tyrosine kinase inhibitor BIBF 1120(TY-ruh-seen KY-nayz in-HIH-bih-ter...) A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer.
TZT-1027A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of tubulin inhibitor. Also called soblidotin.
ubiquinoneA substance found in most tissues in the body, and in many foods. It can also be made in the laboratory.
UCN-01An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called staurosporine analogs.
UCR (Usual, Customary, and Reasonable)The amount paid for a medical service in a geographic area based on what providers in the area usually charge for the same or similar medical service.
UFTA substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It is a combination of tegafur and uracil.
UftoralA substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. It is a combination of tegafur and uracil.
UGT1A1A substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It is an enzyme produced by the liver and intestine.
ulcer(UHL-ser) A break on the skin, in the lining of an organ, or on the surface of a tissue.