Programming — page 12 of 14

1,381 terms including subtopics (0 terms filed directly here)

Subtopics

Programming terms

  1. session bean An enterprise bean that is created by a client and that usually exists only for the duration of a single client-server session.
  2. setgid Same as "setuid", only having to do with giving away "group" privileges.
  3. setuid A process which can set its effective user to super-user (root). That is, although any user can run the process, the process can then execute operations…
  4. SGML Standard Generalized Markup Language (Computer term).
  5. shallow copy A copy of an object in which copies of all the object's sub-components are not also made.
  6. shared memory A piece of "memory" accessible by two different processes who otherwise would not see each other's memory.
  7. shebang Irish for the whole McGillicuddy. In Perl culture, a portmanteau of "sharp" and "bang", meaning the #!
  8. shell See shoulder.
  9. shift operator See left shift operator and right shift operator.
  10. short A Java keyword used to define a variable of type short.
  11. short-circuit operator An operator in which only as many operands are evaluated as are needed to determine the final result of the operation.
  12. shortcut key A key-press associated with a component in a Graphical User Interface (GUI) that provides an alternative to selecting the component's operation with a…
  13. sibling sub classes Classes that have the same immediate super class. See inheritance hierarchy.
  14. side effects Something extra that happens when you evaluate an "expression". Nowadays it can refer to almost anything.
  15. sign bit In twos-complement notation, the most significant bit in an integer value is used to determine the sign of the value.
  16. sign extension When an integer value from a type with a particular range is stored in a variable with a bigger range, Java uses sign extension to determine the resulting…
  17. signal A bolt out of the blue; that is, an event triggered by the "operating system", probably when you're least expecting it.
  18. signal handler A "subroutine" that, instead of being content to be called in the normal fashion, sits around waiting for a bolt out of the blue before it will deign to…
  19. SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) A Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) is a stripped-down smart card containing information about the identity of a cell-phone subscriber, and subscriber…
  20. Simple API for XML An event-driven interface in which the parser invokes one of several methods supplied by the caller when a parsing event occurs.
  21. single inheritance In Java, a class may not extend more than one class. This means that Java has a single inheritance model for class inheritance.
  22. single line comment A comment in the form // This line will be ignored by the compiler.
  23. single precision Refers to a level of coordinate accuracy based on the number of significant digits that can be stored for each coordinate.
  24. singleton pattern A pattern that allows us to ensure that only a single instance of a particular class exists at any one time. Such an instance is called a singleton.
  25. slice A selection of any number of elements from a "list", "array", or "hash".
  26. slurp To read an entire "file" into a "string" in one operation.
  27. SMS (Short Message Service) Short Message Service (SMS) is a point-to-point service similar to paging for sending text messages of up to 160 characters to mobile phones.
  28. SOAP SOAP provides a standard, extensible, composable framework for packaging and exchanging XML messages between a service provider and a service requester.
  29. SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) Simple Object Access Protocol is a means of sending messages between a service requester and provider.
  30. SOAP with Attachments API for Java (SAAJ) The basic package for SOAP messaging, SAAJ contains the API for creating and populating a SOAP message.
  31. socket An endpoint for network communication among multiple processes that works much like a telephone or a post office box.
  32. soft reference See "symbolic reference".
  33. Software Coded instructions (programs) that make a computer do useful work.
  34. software engineering (1) A discipline whose objectives are to define, create, and apply a welldefined methodology that addresses a software life cycle of planning…
  35. software reuse The ability to reuse software components in different contexts. Object-oriented languages help to promote reuse by their support of encapsulation.
  36. sound card A hardware device used to turn digital data into sound.
  37. source filter A special kind of "module" that does "preprocessing" on your script just before it gets to the "tokener".
  38. SQL Structured Query Language (Computer term).
  39. SQL/J A set of standards that includes specifications for embedding SQL statements in methods in the Java programming language and specifications for calling…
  40. SSL See definition for: Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
  41. SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) A security protocol for the Internet and Intranets that provides communications privacy and authentication for IBM® Lotus® Domino™ server tasks that…
  42. Stack A group of 20 roulette chips.
  43. stack overflow Stack overflow occurs when too many items are pushed onto a stack with a finite capacity.
  44. stack trace A display of the runtime stack.
  45. Standard a statement that describes an acceptable level of performance, excellence, or attainment in that particular activity.
  46. standard error The standard error of an estimate is a measure of the sampling variability of the estimate.
  47. standard I/O A standard C library for doing buffered input and output to the "operating system".
  48. standard input The default input "stream" for your program, which if possible shouldn't care where its data is coming from.
  49. standard output The default output "stream" for your program, which if possible shouldn't care where its data is going.
  50. stat structure A special internal spot in which Perl keeps the information about the last "file" on which you requested information.
  51. State State means one of the 50 States, the District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
  52. stateful session bean A session bean with a conversational state.
  53. stateless session bean A session bean with no conversational state. All instances of a stateless session bean are identical.
  54. Statement A summary of all transactions that occurred over the preceding month and could be associated with a deposit account or a credit card account.
  55. statement modifier A "conditional" or "loop" that you put after the "statement" instead of before, if you know what we mean.
  56. statement terminator The semicolon (;) is used to indicate the end of a statement.
  57. Static Unchanging over a length of time.
  58. static field Another name for class variable.
  59. static initializer An initializer prefixed with the static reserved word. A static initializer is defined outside the methods of its enclosing class, and may only access the…
  60. static method A static method (also known as a class method) is one with the static reserved word in its header.
  61. static nested class A nested class with the static reserved word in its header. Unlike inner classes, objects of static nested classes have no enclosing object.
  62. static scoping No such thing. See "lexical scoping".
  63. static type The static type of an object is the declared type of the variable used to refer to it. See dynamic type.
  64. static variable A static variable defined inside a class body. Such a variable belongs to the class as a whole, and is, therefore, shared by all objects of the class.
  65. Status The legal standing of a patent appplication or patent. MPEP 102.
  66. STDERR See "standard error".
  67. STDIN See "standard input".
  68. STDIO See "standard I/O".
  69. STDOUT See "standard output".
  70. stepwise refinement A divide and conquer approach to programming, in which a complex problem is recursively divided into smaller, more manageable, sub-problems.
  71. stream A body of running water.
  72. Stream class Classification of streams based on the present and foreseeable uses made of the water, and the potential effects of on-site changes on downstream uses.
  73. string A series of alphanumeric characters of any length enclosed by quotes.
  74. string context The situation in which an expression is expected by its surroundings (the code calling it) to return a "string". See also "context" and "numeric context".
  75. stringification The process of producing a "string" representation of an abstract object.
  76. struct C keyword introducing a structure definition or name.
  77. Structure Changes in the shape of the bottom of lakes, rivers, or impoundments, especially those that influence fish behavior.
  78. structured programming A style of programming usually associated with languages such as C, Fortran, Pascal and so on.
  79. sub class A class that extends its super class. A sub class inherits all of the members of its super class.
  80. sub type A type with a parent super type. The sub-type/super-type relationship is more general than the sub-class/super-class relationship.
  81. subarray An array that is inside another array.
  82. subclass Each asset class - stock, bonds, and cash equivalents, for example - is made up of a number of different groups of investments called subclasses.
  83. subordinate inner class An inner class that performs well-defined subordinate tasks on behalf of its enclosing class.
  84. subpattern A component of a "regular expression" pattern.
  85. subroutine A named or otherwise accessible piece of program that can be invoked from elsewhere in the program in order to accomplish some sub-goal of the program.
  86. subscript A "value" that indicates the position of a particular "array" "element" in an array.
  87. substitution Replacement of one nucleotide in a DNA sequence by another nucleotide or replacement of one amino acid in a protein by another amino acid.
  88. substring A portion of a "string", starting at a certain "character" position ("offset") and proceeding for a certain number of characters.
  89. subtype If type X extends or implements type Y, then X is a subtype of Y. See also supertype.
  90. Super Survivable Solar Power Subsystem Demonstrator.
  91. super class A class that is extended by one or more sub classes. All Java classes have the Object class as a super class. See super type.
  92. super type A type with a child sub type. The sub-type/super-type relationship is more general than the sub-class/super-class relationship.
  93. superclass A class from which a particular class is derived, perhaps with one or more classes in between. See also subclass, subtype.
  94. supertype The supertypes of a type are all the interfaces and classes that are extended or implemented by that type. See also subtype, superclass.
  95. superuser The person whom the "operating system" will let do almost anything. Typically your system administrator or someone pretending to be your system…
  96. SV Space Vehicle.
  97. swapping An {operating system} is often able to run programs that require more memory than is physically available on the host system.
  98. Swing The Swing classes are part of a wider collection known as the Java Foundation Classes (JFC). Swing classes are defined in the javax.swing packages.
  99. switch A Java keyword used to evaluate a variable that can later be matched with a value specified by the case keyword in order to execute a group of statements.
  100. switch cluster The combination of multiple command-line switches (e.g., -a -b -c) into one switch (e.g., -abc).