Science terms starting with J

48 terms

  1. J See: joining segment.
  2. jökulhlaup a flood of meltwater from a glacial lake.
  3. J/kg Joules per kilogram, unit commonly used to represent CAPE and CIN.
  4. Jacket The enclosure on a water heater, furnace, or boiler.
  5. January Thaw A period of mild weather popularly supposed to recur each year in late January.
  6. Jeopardy opinion U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) or National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) opinion that an action is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of…
  7. Jet When air is sent at a high velocity through the carburetor, jets direct the fuel into the airstream.
  8. Jet fuel Includes both naphtha-type and kerosene-type fuels meeting standards for use in aircraft turbine engines.
  9. Jet Max ( or Jet Streak) A point or area of relative maximum wind speeds within a jet stream.
  10. Jet Streak Same as Jet Max; a point or area ("streak") of relative maximum wind speeds within a jet stream.
  11. Jet Stream (abbrev. JSTR) Relatively strong winds concentrated in a narrow stream in the atmosphere, normally referring to horizontal, high-altitude winds.
  12. Jet Stream Cirrus A loose term for filamentous cirrus that appears to radiate from a point in the sky, and exhibits characteristics associated with strong vertical wind…
  13. Jet Wind Speed Profile A vertical wind speed profile characterized by a relatively narrow current of high winds with slower moving air above and below.
  14. Jet-flow gate A gate consisting of a wheel-mounted leaf moved vertically by a motor-driven screw hoist.
  15. Jetting A method of compacting soil using a hose or other device, with a high velocity stream of water, worked down through the depth of soil placed.
  16. Jetting pump A water pump that develops very high discharge pressure.
  17. Jetty Pier or other structure built out into a body of water to influence the current or tide, or to protect a harbor or shoreline.
  18. Jiffy potä Pots made from wood pulp and peat, commonly used for transplanting tissue culture -derived plants into soil medium.
  19. Jitney Privately-owned, small or medium-sized vehicle usually operated on a fixed route but not on a fixed schedule.
  20. JIVET Abbreviation for juvenile in vitro embryo technology.
  21. JIVT Abbreviation for juvenile in vitro embryo technology.
  22. JMA Japanese Meteorological Agency
  23. Job hazard analysis (JHA) A study of a job or activity to identify hazards or potential accidents associated with each step or task, and develop solutions that will eliminate…
  24. Jogging The frequent starting and stopping of an electric motor.
  25. Joining (J) segment A small DNA segment that links genes to yield a functional gene encoding an immunogobulin.
  26. joining segment (Abbreviation: J). A small DNA segment that links genes in order to yield a functional gene encoding an immunoglobulin.
  27. Joint See expansion joint, cold joint, construction joint, contraction joint, and control joint.
  28. Joint implementation Agreements made between two or more nations under the auspices of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to help reduce greenhouse gas…
  29. Joint information center A single location where public information officials gather to collaborate on, and coordinate the release of, emergency public information.
  30. Joint use capacity The reservoir capacity assigned to flood control purposes during certain periods of the year and to conservation purposes during other periods of the year.
  31. Joist One of a series of parallel timber beams used to support floor and ceiling loads, and supported in turn by larger beams, girders, or bearing walls; the…
  32. Jokulhlaup An Icelandic term meaning glacier dammed lake outburst flood.
  33. Joule A metric unit of energy or work; the energy produced by a force of one Newton operating through a distance of one meter; 1 Joule per second equals 1 Watt…
  34. Joule's Law The rate of heat production by a steady current in any part of an electrical circuit that is proportional to the resistance and to the square of the…
  35. JSTR Jet Stream - Relatively strong winds concentrated in a narrow stream in the atmosphere, normally referring to horizontal, high-altitude winds.
  36. jumping gene See: transposable element.
  37. jumping library See: chromosome jumping.
  38. Junction A region of transition between semiconductor layers, such as a p/n junction, which goes from a region that has a high concentration of acceptors (p-type)…
  39. Junior water rights Water rights that are more recent than older or more senior rights. See also Senior water rights
  40. Junk DNA See: repetitive DNA.
  41. Jurisdiction (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same…
  42. Just-in-time ordering A strategy for managing materials used at a project that ensures materials become available as needed to support activities, but are not stockpiled at the…
  43. Juvenile Young fish older than 1 year but not capable of reproduction.
  44. juvenile hormone A hormone secreted by insects from a pair of endocrine glands close to the brain.
  45. juvenile in vitro embryo technology (Abbreviation: JIVT or JIVET). A technology involving collection of immature eggs from young animals, their in vitro maturation and fertilization, and the…
  46. Juvenile salmon All early lifestages of downstream migrating salmon (fry through smolt).
  47. Juvenile Water Water formed chemically within the earth and brought to the surface in intrusive rock.
  48. juvenility Early phase of development in which an organism is incapable of sexual reproduction.