Security terms starting with D

36 terms

D-Prime (D') A statistical measure of how well a system can discriminate between a signal and a non-signal.
DAA Designated Approval Authority (DD 5000 term).
Data Element A combination of characters or bytes referring to one separate piece of information, such as name, address, or age.
Data Encryption Algorithm (DEA) The cryptographic engine that is used by the Triple Data Encryption Algorithm (TDEA).
Data Encryption Standard (DES) A U.S. Government-approved, symmetric cipher, encryption algorithm used by business and civilian government agencies.
Data Integrity The state that exists when computerized data is the same as that in the source documents and has not been exposed to accidental or malicious alteration or…
database In electronic records a database is a set of data elements consisting of at least one file, or of a group of integrated files, usually stored in one…
Decision The opinion of the court in concluding a case at law.
Decryption Transformation of encrypted (or scrambled) data back to original form.
Degrees of Freedom A statistical measure of how unique biometric data is. Technically, it is the number of statistically independent features (parameters) contained in…
Deleted File A file with disk space that has been designated as available for reuse. The deleted file remains intact until it has been overwritten with a new file.
Delta Point Part of a fingerprint pattern that looks similar to the Greek letter delta (Δ), as illustrated below.
Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) A network created by connecting two firewalls. Systems that are externally accessible but need some protections are usually located on DMZ networks.
Denial of Service (DoS) The prevention of authorized access to resources or the delaying of time-critical operations.
Denial-of-service attack Flooding the networks or servers of individuals or organizations with false data requests so they are unable to respond to requests from legitimate users.
Designated Approving (Accrediting) Authority (DAA) The individual selected by an authorizing official to act on their behalf in coordinating and carrying out the necessary activities required during the…
Detection and Identification Rate The rate at which individuals, who are in a database, are properly identified in an open-set identification (watchlist) application.
Detection Error Trade-off (DET) Curve A graphical plot of measured error rates, as illustrated below. DET curves typically plot matching error rates (false non-match rate vs.
Difference Score A value returned by a biometric algorithm that indicates the degree of difference between a biometric sample and a reference.
Differential Power Analysis (DPA) An analysis of the variations of the electrical power consumption of a cryptographic module, using advanced statistical methods and/or other techniques…
Digital Evidence Electronic information stored or transferred in digital form.
digital signature The electronic equivalent of a handwritten signature, a digital signature is a unique block of text that verifies a user's identity and is appended to a…
Digital Signature Algorithm Asymmetric algorithms used for digitally signing data.
Disaster Recovery Plan (DRP) A written plan for processing critical applications in the event of a major hardware or software failure or destruction of facilities.
Disconnection The termination of an interconnection between two or more IT systems. A disconnection may be planned (e.g., due to changed business needs) or unplanned (i.
Discretionary Access Control The basis of this kind of security is that an individual user, or program operating on the users behalf is allowed to specify explicitly the types of…
Disruption An unplanned event that causes the general system or major application to be inoperable for an unacceptable length of time (e.g.
Distinguishing Identifier Information which unambiguously distinguishes an entity in the authentication process.
Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) A Denial of Service technique that uses numerous hosts to perform the attack.
DMZ SEE Demilitarized Zone.
Domain A sub-network of servers and computers within a LAN. Domain information is useful when restoring backup tapes, particularly of email.
Dual-Use Certificate A certificate that is intended for use with both digital signature and data encryption services.
Due Care The responsibility that managers and their organizations have a duty to provide for information security to ensure that the type of control, the cost of…
Duplicate Digital Evidence A duplicate is an accurate digital reproduction of all data objects contained on the original physical item and associated media.
Duration In simplified terms, a bond's duration measures the effect that each 1% change in interest rates will have on the bond's market value.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) The protocol used to assign Internet Protocol (IP) addresses to all nodes on the network.