Technology — page 173 of 206

20,531 terms including subtopics (0 terms filed directly here)

Technology terms

Spammer Someone who sends spam.
Spamming See spamdexing. Spamming is also used more generally to refer to the sending of unsolicited bulk electronic mail, and the search engine use is derived…
Spamvertise Something is spamvertised when it is promoted (or merely appears) in spam. The term is commonly used with Web sites or email addresses that are part of…
SPAR Abbreviation for single primer amplification reaction.
spare An individual part, subassembly, or assembly supplied for the maintenance or repair of systems or equipment.
SPARQL SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language (pronounced “sparkle”) is an RDF query language much like SQL is a relational DB query language.
SPARTA SPARTA , Inc., Laguna Hills, CA.
Spartan Nuclear-armed, long-range mid-course interceptor used in SAFEGUARD/Sentinel systems.
SPAS Space Power Architecture Study.
SPASUR See Space Surveillance.
spatial analysis The process of modeling, examining, and interpreting model results. Spatial analysis is useful for evaluating suitability and capability, for estimating…
spatial application An application requiring high spatial resolution, possibly at the expense of reduced temporal positioning accuracy, i.e., increased jerkiness.
spatial coherence See coherent.
spatial data Information about the location and shape of, and relationships among, geographic features, usually stored as coordinates and topology.
Spatial Data Transfer Standard/Topological Vector Profile (SDTS/TVP) (SDTS/TVP) A United States Federal standard designed to support the transfer of different types of geographic and cartographic spatial data.
spatial edge noise In a video display, that form of edge busyness that is characterized by spatially varying distortion that occurs in close proximity to the edges of…
spatial feature See geographic feature.
spatial indexing A means of accelerating coverage drawing, spatial selection, and feature identification by generating feature-based indexes for one or more feature…
spatial interaction An analytical technique that estimates the number of interactions occurring between an origin and destination locations.
spatial modeling Analytical procedures applied with a GIS. There are three categories of spatial modeling functions that can be applied to geographic features within a…
spatial order An index assigned to features based on their relative closeness in two-dimensional space.
spatial query See map query.
spatially coherent radiation See coherent.
SPAWAR Naval Space and Warfare Commend.
SPC Storm Prediction Center
SPE Senior Procurement Executive.
Speaker Recognition A biometric modality that uses an individual’s speech, a feature influenced by both the physical structure of an individual's vocal tract and the…
Speaker Recognition Evaluations An ongoing series of evaluations of speaker recognition systems. For more information, visit www.nist.gov/speech/tests/spk/index.htm.
SPEAR Space Power Experiments Aboard Rocket.
Spear Phishing Targeting phishing attacks. Perpetrators will only target a specific group of people, or a specific person, in a highly-customized attempt at obtaining…
SPEC Specification.
Special Data Commands Special, non-routine commands distributed for surveillance battle management, and fire control.
special device file The device file name that the HP-UX operating system gives to a single connection to a node, in the format /dev/devtype/filename.
special grade access line In the Defense Switched Network, an access line specially conditioned, usually by providing amplitude and delay equalization, to give it characteristics…
special grade of service In the Defense Switched Network, a network-provided service in which specially conditioned interswitch trunks and access lines are used to provide secure…
special information tone (SIT) A tone that comprises three precise sequential frequencies used to identify recorded announcements. [After T1.207-1998]
special interest group See community of interest, interest group, forum, SIG.
Special Programs Center National center for threat modeling and production. Located in the National Test Facility at Falcon AFB, CO.
special purpose computer A computer that is designed to operate on a restricted class of problems.
special service A radiocommunication service, not otherwise defined in this Section [of the Radio Regulations], carried on exclusively for specific needs of general…
special services All services other than message telephones, e.g., teletypewriter exchange service (TWX), private line services. [47 CFR Pt.36-A]
Special Test Equipment (STE) Single or multipurpose integrated test units engineered, designed, fabricated, or modified to accomplish special purpose testing.
special text Text that allows document-placement information from views to be automatically recalculated as a post processing step, After the column formulas in a view…
specialized common carrier (SCC) A common carrier offering a limited type of service or serving a limited market.
specific detectivity For a photodetector, a figure of merit used to characterize performance, equal to the reciprocal of noise equivalent power (NEP), normalized to unit area…
specification a written description of the invention and the manner and process of making and using the same -- see MPEP 608.01 for more
Specification Language A language, often a machine- processable combination of natural and formal language, used to specify the requirements, design, behavior, or other…
specification point An industry agreed-upon location where a set of specifications would apply, for example, the node in the originating network where specification occurs.
specifications Documented requirements containing the particulars with which a system or project must conform
Specified Command A command that has a broad continuing mission and that is established and so designated by the President through the Secretary of Defense with the advice…
speckle noise Synonym modal noise.
speckle pattern In optical systems, a field-intensity pattern produced by the mutual interference of partially coherent beams that are subject to minute temporal and…
Speckled Trout C-135C airplane with ACBA equipment.
spectral bandwidth See spectral width.
Spectral Density A radar term for the distribution of power by frequency.
Spectral Irradiance The monochromatic irradiance of a surface per unit bandwidth at a particular wavelength, usually expressed in Watts per square meter-nanometer bandwidth.
Spectral Line An emission (bright) or absorption (dark) of light at a specific frequency or wavelength.
spectral loss curve Of an optical fiber, a plot of attenuation as a function of wavelength. Note: Spectral loss curves must be normalized with respect to distance before…
spectral purity The degree to which a signal is monochromatic.
spectral radiance Radiance per unit wavelength interval at a given wavelength, expressed in watts per steradian per unit area per wavelength interval.
spectral responsivity The ratio of an optical detector's electrical output to its optical input, as a function of optical wavelength.
spectral width A measure of the spread of the Doppler spectrum and consequently is sensitive to the spread in the particle size spectra.
spectral window See window.
Spectrum Electromagnetic radiation arranged in order of wavelength from Ion wavelength radio waves to short wavelength gamma rays.
spectrum designation of frequency See electromagnetic spectrum.
spectrum signature The pattern of radio signal frequencies, amplitudes, and phases, which pattern characterizes the output of a particular device and tends to distinguish it…
Specular reflection Also known as direct reflection, regular reflection, or mirror reflection. The reflection of electromagnetic rays without scattering or diffusion.
speech digit signaling Synonym bit robbing.
speech level The power in dBm of a speech signal measured using a technique equivalent to Method B of ITU-T Recommendation P.56. [T1.255-1997]
speech power See volume unit.
speech privacy Techniques using fixed sequence permutations or voice/speech inversion to render speech unintelligible to the casual listener. [INFOSEC-99]
Speech Recognition A technology that enables a machine to recognize spoken words. Speech recognition is not a biometric technology.
speech synthesizer A device that is capable of accepting digital or analog data and developing intelligible speech sounds that correspond to the input data, without…
speech-plus Pertaining to a circuit that was designed and used for speech transmission, but to which other uses, such as digital data transmission, facsimile…
speech-plus-duplex operation Operation in which speech and telegraphy (duplex or simplex) are transmitted simultaneously over the same circuit, and mutual interference is eliminated…
speech-plus-signaling Pertaining to equipment that permits the use of part of a voice-frequency band for signaling.
speech-to-speech-correlated-noise ratio (Q) The ratio of the speech power to the power of speech-correlated noise in a digital transmission system. [T1.501-1988]
SPEED System Planning, Engineering, and Evaluation Device.
speed calling A service feature that enables a switch or station to store certain telephone numbers and dial them automatically when a short (1-, 2-, or 3-digit) code…
speed dialing 1. Synonym abbreviated dialing. 2. Dialing at a speed greater than the normal ten pulses per second.
speed of light (c) The speed of an electromagnetic wave in free space, precisely 299,792,458 m/s. Note 1: The preceding figure is precise because by international agreement…
speed of service The time between release of a message by the originator to receipt of the message by the addressee, as perceived by the end user.
speed-up tone Synonym camp-on busy signal.
Spell Check Checks an email message before sending allowing you to correct any spelling errors.
Spell Check Optimization The process of optimizing a spell check dictionary towards a live search index.
Spell checking Individual query terms and phrases are spell-checked against a dictionary. The spell check algorithm is normally based on the edit distance between a…
SPF A scale for rating the level of sunburn protection in sunscreen products. The higher the SPF, the more sunburn protection it gives.
SPF (sender policy framework) An extension of the SMTP protocol that prevents spammers from forging the From: fields in e-mail messages by verifying that the IP address in the SMTP…
SPFE Special Projects Flight Experiments.
SPICE Space Integrated Controls Experiment.
Spider Search engine crawlers which search or "spider" the web for pages to include in the index.
Spider trap An infinite loop that a spider may get caught in if it explores a dynamic site where the URLs of pages keep changing.
Spider, Spyder That part of a search engine which surfs the web, storing the URLs and indexing the keywords and text of each page it finds...
Spidering The process of surfing the web, storing URLs and indexing keywords, links and text.
spike 1. An inflorescence in which the main axis is elongated and the flowers are sessile. 2.
spike file See last-in first-out.
spill forward In automatic switching, the transfer of full control on a call to the succeeding office by sending forward the complete telephone address of the called…
spill-forward feature A service feature, in the operation of an intermediate office, that, acting on incoming trunk service treatment indications, assumes routing control of…
spillover In an antenna, the part of the radiated energy from the feed that does not impinge on the reflectors.
SPIMS Strategic Program Information Management System (SDIO/MDA term). 274