Amazon Web Services — page 2 of 4

Amazon Web Services terms

101. EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) EC2 stands for Amazon's Elastic Compute Cloud. Using EC2 you can launch instances (specific packages of dedicated compute resources) that look and feel…
102. EC2 compute unit An AWS standard for compute CPU and memory. This measure enables you to evaluate the CPU capacity of different EC2 instance types.
103. EC2 instance In Amazon EC2, this is simply an instance. Other AWS services use the term EC2 instance to distinguish these instances from other types of instances they…
104. Elastic Block Store (EBS) (EBS) Offers block level storage volumes for EC2 users. With Amazon EBS, users can decrease the risk of running into component failures as its feature…
105. Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) (EC2) A web service that is central to Amazon’s cloud computing platform. It allows users to ‘rent’ from its resizable computing capacity and possibly…
106. elastic IP address A fixed (static) IP address that you have allocated in Amazon EC2 or Amazon VPC and then attached to an instance.
107. Elastic Load Balancing A web service that improves an application's availability by distributing incoming traffic between two or more EC2 instances. See Also http://aws.amazon.
108. Elastic MapReduce (EMR) (EMR) Allows any AWS user to process large amounts of data using a hosted Hadoop framework. This feature runs on the EC2 and S3 infrastructure.
109. elastic network interface An additional network interface that can be attached to an instance. ENIs include a primary private IP address, one or more secondary private IP…
110. ElastiCache Provides in-memory caching for web applications. Users can use this feature to retrieve information from in-memory caches faster than getting information…
111. endpoint In clinical trials, an event or outcome that can be measured objectively to determine whether the intervention being studied is beneficial.
112. endpoint port Amazon RDS: The port number used by a DB instance.
113. ephemeral store See instance store>/a>.
114. epoch The date from which time is measured. For most Unix environments, the epoch is January 1, 1970.
115. eventual consistency The method through which AWS products achieve high availability, which involves replicating data across multiple servers in Amazon's data centers.
116. eventually consistent read See consistent read.
117. explicit deny An explicit deny results from a statement that has effect=deny, assuming that any stated conditions are met. Example: Deny all requests from Antarctica.
118. explicit launch permission An Amazon Machine Image launch permission granted to a specific AWS account.
119. exponential backoff A strategy that incrementally increases the wait between retry attempts in order to reduce the load on the system and increase the likelihood that…
120. federated identity management (FIM) (FIM) Allows individuals to sign in to different networks or services, using the same group or personal credentials to access data across all networks.
121. federated user A user whose account resides in an account partner organization and who can access federated applications that reside in a resource partner organization.
122. field weight The relative importance of a text field in a search index. Field weights control how much matches in particular text fields affect a document's relevance…
123. filter A criterion you specify to limit the results when you list or describe your Amazon EC2 resources.
124. format version See template format version.
125. Forums See discussion forums.
126. function A built-in formula that performs a specialized calculation automatically.
127. gibibyte A contraction of giga binary byte, a gibibyte is 2^30 bytes or 1,073,741,824 bytes. A gigabyte is 10^9 or 1,000,000,000 bytes.
128. group (also referred to as a Technology Center or TC) - a unit of several Group Art Units in the mechanical, electrical, chemical or design area, managed by one…
129. Hadoop See http://hadoop.apache.org.
130. Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) (HDFS) The HDFS file system stores large files across multiple machines. It achieves reliability by replicating the data across multiple hosts, and hence does…
131. Hardware Virtual Machine (HVM) virtualization (HVM) Lets the guest VM run as though it is on a native hardware platform, except that it still uses para-virtual (PV) network and storage drivers for improved…
132. hardware VPN A hardware-based IPsec VPN connection over the Internet.
133. Hash-based Message Authentication Code (HMAC) (HMAC) A specific construction for calculating a message authentication code (MAC) involving a cryptographic hash function in combination with a secret key.
134. health check A system call to check on the health status of each instance in an Auto Scaling group.
135. Hive An open source, data warehouse and analytic package that runs on top of Hadoop.
136. hosted zone A collection of resource record sets that Amazon Route 53 hosts. Like a traditional DNS zone file, a hosted zone represents a collection of records that…
137. Identity and Access Management (IAM) (IAM) A service that is used to authenticate access to the various services of AWS. IAM allows users to securely control access to their infrastructure and…
138. Image To image a hard drive is to make an identical copy of the hard drive, including empty sectors.
139. Import/Export A storage and content delivery service that accelerates the rate it takes to move large amounts of data into and out of AWS using storage devices that are…
140. Infrastructure as Service (IaaS) (IaaS) A cloud computing service model that delivers computing, storage and network resources to users via the cloud.
141. instance Area of the game that is for you and your party alone.
142. instance family A general instance type grouping using either storage or CPU capacity.
143. instance group A Hadoop cluster contains one master instance group that contains one master node, a core instance group containing one or more core node and an optional…
144. instance store Disk storage that is physically attached to the host computer for an EC2 instance, and therefore has the same lifespan as the instance.
145. instance store-backed AMI Instances launched from this type of AMI use an instance store volume as the root device.
146. instance type A specification that defines the memory, CPU, storage capacity, and hourly cost for an instance.
147. Internet gateway Connects a network to the Internet. You can route traffic for IP addresses outside your VPC to the Internet gateway.
148. Internet Service Provider (ISP) A company that provides subscribers with access to the Internet. Many ISPs are also mailbox providers.
149. intrinsic function A special action in a template that assigns values to properties not available until runtime.
150. IP Address A string of four numbers separated by periods used to represent a computer on the Internet.
151. issuer Issuer means any person who issues or proposes to issue any security. Corporations, for example, may issue stock to the public, limited partnerships may…
152. item A column of information in an attribute table, for example, a single attribute of a record in an INFO data file.
153. JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) (JSON) A lightweight data-interchange format. For information about JSON, see http://www.json.org/.
154. job flow A job flow specifies the complete processing of the data. It's comprised of one or more steps, which specify all of the functions to be performed on the…
155. key A block, often used in a series, which projects beyond the edge of the enframement of an opening and is joined with the surrounding masonry.
156. key pair A set of security credentials you use to prove your identity electronically. A key pair consists of a private key and a public key.
157. key prefix A logical grouping of the objects in a bucket. The prefix value is similar to a directory name that enables you to store similar data under the same…
158. launch configuration A set of descriptive parameters used to create new EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling activity.
159. launch permission An Amazon Machine Image (AMI) attribute that allows users to launch an AMI.
160. Lifecycle The records lifecycle is the life span of a record from its creation or receipt to its final disposition.
161. load balancer A load balancer is a combination of a DNS name and a set of ports, which together provide a destination for all requests intended for your application.
162. logical name A case-sensitive unique string within an AWS CloudFormation template that identifies a resource, mapping, parameter, or output.
163. machine utilization The amount of machine capacity used to complete a particular request (for example SELECT, GET, PUT, and so on), normalized to the hourly capacity of a…
164. mailbox provider An organization that provides email mailbox hosting services. Mailbox providers are sometimes referred to as Internet Service Providers, even if they only…
165. main route table The default route table that any new VPC subnet uses for routing. You can associate a subnet with a different route table of your choice.
166. Management Console Allows clients to access and manage AWS through a user-friendly interface. With this console, users can see all AWS services in one place, manage their…
167. manifest An XML document that describes requirements for an application. The application manifest can be a separate file or embedded in the application's .exe file.
168. mapper An executable that splits the raw data into key/value pairs. The reducer uses the output of the mapper, called the intermediate results, as its input.
169. mapping Determining the physical location of a gene or genetic marker on a chromosome. (See Continuous map, Genetic map, Physical map.)
170. MapReduce See http://hadoop.apache.org/docs/r1.2.0/mapred_tutorial.html.
171. marker A diagnostic indication that disease may develop.
172. master node A process running on an Amazon Machine Image that keeps track of the work its core and task nodes complete.
173. member resources See resource.
174. message ID Amazon SQS: The identifier returned when you send a message to a queue.
175. metadata Metadata is information about a particular data set which may describe, for example, how, when, and by whom it was received, created, accessed, and/or…
176. Metric (Software). An indicator, which measures some specific attribute of the software development process. 181
177. metric name The primary identifier of a metric, used in combination with a namespace and optional dimensions.
178. micro instance A type of EC2 instance that is more economical to use if you have occasional bursts of high CPU activity.
179. migration Moving files to another computer application or platform; may require conversion to a different format.
180. Multi-AZ deployment A primary DB instance that has a synchronous standby replica in a different Availability Zone.
181. multipart upload A feature that allows you to upload a single object as a set of parts.
182. Multitool A Cascading application that provides a simple command-line interface for managing large datasets.
183. namespace A prefix applied to URIs, URNs, and XML entities to prevent naming conflicts.
184. NAT instance An instance that is configured to perform NAT in a VPC. A NAT instance enables private instances in the VPC to initiate Internet-bound traffic without…
185. network ACL An optional layer of security that acts as a firewall for controlling traffic in and out of a subnet.
186. Network address translation (NAT) (NAT) Network address translation
187. node Any device connected to network. PCs, servers, and printers are all nodes on the network.
188. NoEcho A property of AWS CloudFormation parameters that will prevent the otherwise default reporting of names and values of a template parameter.
189. null object A null object is one whose version ID is null. Amazon S3 adds a null object to a bucket when versioning for that bucket is suspended.
190. object An entity such as a file, folder, shared folder, printer, or Active Directory object, described by a distinct, named set of attributes.
191. on-demand instance An Amazon EC2 pricing option that charges you for compute capacity by the hour with no long-term commitment.
192. Operation The manner in which a window unit opens, closes, locks, or functions; e.g., casement, double-hung, etc.
193. OpsWorks A deployment service that allows DevOps to model and manage anything from load balancers to databases.
194. pagination Some APIs that return a potentially large list of records can return a subset by using a value to set the maximum number of returned records.
195. paid AMI An Amazon Machine Image (AMI) that you sell to other Amazon EC2 users.
196. part In a multipart upload request, each part is a contiguous portion of the object's data.
197. Period Usually designated by T. This is the time interval of one complete oscillation of any wave. See Wavelength.
198. permission Authorization for a user to perform an action, such as sending e-mail for another user or posting items in a public folder.
199. persistent storage A long-term data storage solution. Options within AWS are: Amazon S3, Amazon EBS.
200. physical name A unique label AWS CloudFormation assigns to each resource when creating a stack.