Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing terms

1. 100-continue A method that enables a client to see if a server can accept a request before actually sending it.
2. access control list (ACL) (ACL) In Windows-based systems, a list of access control entries (ACE) that apply to an entire object, a set of the object's properties, or an individual…
3. access identifiers See credentials.
4. access key rotation A method to increase security by changing the AWS access key ID. This method enables you to retire an old key at your discretion.
5. access policy language A language for writing documents (that is, policies) that specify who can access a particular AWS resource and under what conditions.
6. Account An account consists of an email address and a password, used to log into a mail server to retrieve or send mail.
7. account activity A web page showing your month-to-date AWS usage and costs. The account activity page is located at http://aws.amazon.com/account-activity.
8. Action Case, cause, suit or controversy disputed or contested before a court.
9. administrative suspension Auto Scaling might suspend processes for Auto Scaling group that repeatedly fail to launch instances.
10. affordable Cloud computing services are purchased subscription style, with users paying only for what they use.
11. alarm Alert, Locate, and Report Missiles.
12. allow An allow results from a statement that has effect=allow, assuming any stated conditions are met. Example: Allow requests received before 1:00 p.m.
13. Amazon CloudWatch A web service that enables you to monitor and manage various metrics, and configure alarm actions based on data from those metrics. See Also http://aws.
14. Amazon EBS-backed AMI Instances launched from this type of AMI use an Amazon EBS volume as their root device.
15. Amazon EC2 VM Import Connector See http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/vmimport.
16. Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS) (EBS) A service that provides block level storage volumes for use with EC2 instances. See Also http://aws.amazon.com/ebs.
17. Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) (EC2) A web service that enables you to launch and manage Linux/UNIX and Windows server instances in Amazon's data centers. See Also http://aws.amazon.com/ec2.
18. Amazon Elastic MapReduce A web service that makes it easy to process large amounts of data efficiently. Amazon EMR uses Hadoop processing combined with several AWS products to do…
19. Amazon Machine Image (AMI) (AMI) An encrypted machine image stored in Amazon Elastic Block Store or Amazon Simple Storage Service. AMIs are like a template of a computer's root drive.
20. Amazon Payments See http://payments.amazon.com.
21. Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS) (RDS) A web service that makes it easier to set up, operate, and scale a relational database in the cloud.
22. Amazon Resource Name (ARN) (ARN) A standardized way to refer to an AWS resource. For example: arn:aws:iam::123456789012:user/division_abc/subdivision_xyz/Bob.
23. Amazon Route 53 A web service you can use to create a new DNS service or to migrate your existing DNS service to the cloud. See Also http //aws.amazon.com/route53.
24. Amazon S3-Backed AMI Instances launched from this type of AMI use the instance store as their root device.
25. Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS) (SNS) A web service that enables applications, end-users, and devices to instantly send and receive notifications from the cloud. See Also http://aws.amazon.
26. Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS) (SQS) Reliable and scalable hosted queues for storing messages as they travel between computers. See Also http://aws.amazon.com/sqs.
27. Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) (S3) Storage for the internet. You can use it to store and retrieve any amount of data at any time, from anywhere on the web. See Also http://aws.amazon.com/s3.
28. Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) (VPC) A web service that enables you to create a virtual network for your AWS resources. See Also http://aws.amazon.com/vpc.
29. Amazon Web Services (AWS) (AWS) An infrastructure web services platform in the cloud for companies of all sizes. See Also http://aws.amazon.com.
30. AMI (Amazon Machine Image) An AMI is a packaged environment that contains a configured Linux operating system...
31. array An Array is a single server type used for horizontal scaling. It may be a single worker slave task plugged into our Grid system to scale based on the…
32. authentication The process of validating the credentials of a person, computer process, or device.
33. Auto Scaling A web service designed to launch or terminate instances automatically based on user-defined policies, schedules, and health checks. See Also http://aws.
34. Auto Scaling group A representation of multiple Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud instances that share similar characteristics, and that are treated as a logical grouping for the…
35. Availability Zone A distinct location within a region that is insulated from failures in other Availability Zones, and provides inexpensive, low-latency network…
36. AWS (Amazon Web Services) AWS is short for Amazon Web Services. In addition to selling books and variety of other consumer products, Amazon also offers a variety of web services…
37. AWS CloudFormation A service for writing or changing templates that create and delete related AWS resources together as a unit. See Also http://aws.amazon.com/cloudformation.
38. AWS Consolidated Billing A billing option that lets you get a single bill for multiple AWS accounts. See Also http://aws.amazon.com/consolidated-billing.
39. AWS Identity and Access Management A web service that enables Amazon Web Services customers to manage users and user permissions within AWS. See Also http://aws.amazon.com/iam.
40. AWS Management Console A graphical interface to manage compute, storage, and other cloud resources. See Also http://aws.amazon.com/console.
41. AWS Resources See resource.
42. basic monitoring Monitoring of AWS-provided metrics derived at a 5-minute frequency.
43. block A repetition/replication of the Early, Mid and Late Seral Treatment plots and a Control plot. See Repetition/replication.
44. block device A storage device that supports reading and (optionally) writing data in fixed-size blocks, sectors, or clusters.
45. block device mapping A mapping structure for every AMI and instance that specifies the block devices attached to the instance.
46. bootstrap action A user-specified default or custom action that runs a script or an application on all nodes of a job flow before Hadoop starts.
47. Border Gateway Protocol Autonomous System Number (BGP ASN) (BGP ASN) A unique identifier for a network, for use in BGP routing. Amazon EC2 supports all 2-byte ASN numbers in the range of 1 - 65334, with the exception of…
48. Breach 1. The breaking or violating of a law, right or duty, either by an act or omission. 2. The failure to carry out any condition of a contract.
49. bucket A part of an excavator which digs, lifts, and carries dirt.
50. bucket owner Just as Amazon is the only owner of the domain name Amazon.com, only one person or organization can own a bucket in Amazon S3.
51. bundling A commonly used term for creating an Amazon Machine Image. It specifically refers to creating Amazon S3-backed AMIs.
52. canned access policy A standard access control policy that you can apply to a bucket or object. Options include: private, public-read, public-read-write, and…
53. Canonical Name Record (CNAME) (CNAME) A type of resource record in the Domain Name System (DNS) that specifies that the domain name is an alias of another, canonical domain name.
54. canonicalization The process of converting data into a standard format that a service such as Amazon S3 can recognize.
55. Capacity Your ability to make your mortgage payments on time. This depends on your income and income stability (job history and security), your assets and savings…
56. capacity planning The process of determining which one of the 12 million potential configuration options on AWS a user should choose to optimize operations.
57. Cascading Cascading is an open-source Java library that provides a query API, a query planner, and a job scheduler for creating and running Hadoop MapReduce…
58. certificate Digital signature combining data verification and encryption key. See PKI Digital Signature.
59. chargeable resources Features or services whose use incurs fees. Although some AWS products are free, others include charges.
60. Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) block (CIDR) An Internet protocol address allocation and route aggregation methodology. See Also http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIDR_notation.
61. cloud app a software application that is never installed on a local machine - it's always accessed over the Internet.
62. cloud arcs short for cloud architectures. Designs for software applications that can be accessed and used over the Internet.
63. Cloud as a Service (CaaS) a cloud computing service that has been opened up into a platform that others can build upon.
64. cloud bridge running an application in such a way that its components are integrated within multiple cloud environments (which could be any combination of…
65. cloud client computing device for cloud computing. Updated version of thin client.
66. cloud computing Provides users access to IT-related capabilities (infrastructure and/or applications) "as a service" without regard for the underlying technology or…
67. Cloud Enabler A general term that refers to organizations (typically vendors) who are not cloud providers per se, but make available technology, such as cloudware, that…
68. cloud envy used to describe a vendor who jumps on the cloud computing bandwagon by rebranding existing services.
69. cloud OS anything about Google chrome.
70. Cloud Portability The ability to move applications (and often their associated data) across cloud computing environments from different cloud providers, as well as across…
71. Cloud Provider An organization that makes a cloud computing environment available to others, such as an external or public cloud.
72. cloud server A "server" is simply an operating system leveraging the pool of CPU and Ram resources available from the underlying physical hardware also referred to as…
73. Cloud Service Architecture (CSA) A term coined by Jeff Barr, chief evangelist at Amazon Web Services. The term describes an architecture in which applications and application components…
74. Cloud Spanning Running an application in a way that its components straddle multiple cloud environments (which could be any combination of internal/private and…
75. cloud storage just what it says) Sometimes compared to leasing a car - you'll have monthly payments but hopefully you'll always have the lastest/greatest technology.
76. Cloud-Oriented Architecture (COA) An architecture for IT infrastructure and software applications that is optimized for use in cloud computing environments.
77. cloudburst what happens when your cloud has an outage or security breach and your data is unavailable.
78. Cloudburst (negative) The failure of a cloud computing environment due to the inability to handle a spike in demand.
79. Cloudburst (positive) The dynamic deployment of a software application that runs on internal organizational compute resources to a public cloud to address a spike in demand.
80. cloudcenter a large company, such as Amazon, that rents its infrastructure.
81. CloudFormation Allows developers and systems administrators to easily create and manage a group of related AWS resources by provisioning and updating them in an…
82. Cloudsourcing Leveraging services in the network cloud to provide external computing capabilities, often to replace more expensive local IT capabilities.
83. cloudstorm connecting multiple cloud computing environments. Also called cloud network.
84. Cloudstorming The act of connecting multiple cloud computing environments.
85. Cloudware A general term referring to a variety of software, typically at the infrastructure level, that enables building, deploying, running or managing…
86. CloudWatch A tracking service which allows developers and administrators to minitor resource utilization, application performance, and operational health.
87. cluster compute instance A type of instance that provides a great amount of CPU power coupled with increased networking performance, making it well suited for High Performance…
88. cluster placement group A logical cluster compute instance grouping to provide lower latency and high-bandwidth connectivity between the instances.
89. co-branding Running a business logo on a site or service that another company provides. Co-branding with Amazon Simple Pay, for example, is merely adding an…
90. compute unit A compute unit is measurement tool used to compare and contrast different virtual servers (instances).
91. condition A health problem with certain characteristics or symptoms.
92. conditional parameter See mapping.
93. consistency model The method a service uses to achieve high availability. For example, it could involve replicating data across multiple servers in a data center.
94. consistent read When data is written or updated successfully, all copies of the data are updated in all AWS regions.
95. Console A scroll-shaped projecting bracket that supports a horizontal member.
96. Consolidated Billing See AWS Consolidated Billing.
97. Content Distribution Network (CDN) (CDN) A large distributed system of servers deployed in data centers all across the internet.
98. cooldown period Amount of time during which Auto Scaling does not allow the desired size of the Auto Scaling group to be changed by any other notification from a…
99. core node An EC2 instance that runs Hadoop map and reduce tasks and stores data using the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS).
100. credentials Also called access credentials or security credentials. In authentication and authorization, a system uses credentials to identify who is making a call…