Business terms starting with I

172 terms

I-O accounts See Input-output (I-O) accounts
I-O output multipliers See Input-output (I-O) output multipliers
Identity Theft Identity theft is the unauthorized use of your personal information, such as your name, address, Social Security number, or credit account information.
IIP of the United States See International investment position (IIP) of the United States
Illinois Automobile Insurance Plan (assigned risk plan) A plan for people who can't obtain insurance through the voluntary market.
Illinois Insurance Guaranty Fund A fund that pays an insurer’s claims when the company is insolvent. All Illinois-licensed insurance companies belong to the Illinois Guaranty Fund.
Immediate annuity You buy an immediate annuity contract with a lump-sum purchase. You begin receiving income from the annuity either right away or within 13 months.
Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) INA means the Immigration and Nationality Act, as amended, 8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.
Implicit price deflator See Implicit price deflator (IPD)
Implicit price deflator (IPD) The ratio of the current-dollar value of a series, such as gross domestic product (GDP), to its corresponding chained-dollar value, multiplied by 100.
Implied Guarantee The assumption, prevalent in the financial markets, that the federal government will cover GSE debt obligations.
Implied Writedown Calculated based on the under-collateralization of a security, or any shortfall between a security's collateral pool balance and the aggregate unpaid…
Imports of goods and services Goods and services purchased by U.S. residents from foreign residents.
Impound account Same or similar to "escrow account." See also "escrow account."
Improvement Any building, structure, place, work of art, or other object constituting a physical betterment of real property, or any part of such betterment.
Imputation See Imputations
Imputations Estimates of the value of certain income and product flows that do not take measurable monetary form.
Imputed interest Imputed interest is interest you are assumed to have collected even if that interest was not paid.
In-the-money An option is in-the-money at any point up to expiration if the exercise price is below the market price of a call option or above the market price of a…
Inactive Account An account that has little or no activity; neither deposits nor withdrawals having been posted to the account for a significant period of time.
Inactive Member A member who is no longer employed by a public or governmental entity that participates in one of the South Carolina Retirement Systems’ plans and does…
Incentive stock option (ISO) Corporate executives may be granted incentive stock options (ISOs), also called qualifying stock options.
Income Includes but is not limited to the following items: earned income such as compensation for services, fees, commissions, salaries, wages and similar items…
Income annuity An income annuity, sometimes called an immediate annuity, pays an annual income, usually in monthly installments.
income approach to value A method used by real estate appraisers to predict a property's anticipated future income.
Income fund Alternatively called a bond fund. Income funds are a type of mutual fund that holds debt instruments such as government bonds and corporate debentures.
Income in respect of a decedent Any income your beneficiary receives after your death that would have gone to you if you were still alive is described as income in respect of a decedent.
Income Loss Pays a portion of your wages when injuries sustained in an auto accident keep you from working.
Income payments on assets Payments that result from the ownership of assets. It includes interest payments, dividend payments, reinvested earnings on foreign direct investment in…
Income payments to the rest of the world Consists of compensation paid to foreign residents, income payments on assets to the rest of the world (which includes interest and dividends paid to the…
Income Property Real estate developed or purchased to produce income, such as a rental unit.
Income receipts from the rest of the world Consists of compensation paid to U.S. residents by foreigners, income receipts on assets from the rest of the world (which includes interest and dividends…
Income receipts on assets For private businesses it consists of interest and dividend receipts from the rest of the world and reinvested earnings on U.S. direct investment abroad.
Income statement An income statement, also called a profit and loss statement, shows the revenues from business operations, expenses of operating the business, and the…
Income stock Stock that pays income in the form of regular dividends over an extended period is often described as income stock.
Income tax credit See "tax credit."
income taxes Taxes on income, both earned (salaries, wages, tips, commissions) and unearned (interest, dividends).
income-to-debt ratio > See: debt-to-income ratio.
Incorporation When a business incorporates, it receives a state or federal charter to operate as a corporation.
Increased Cost of Compliance (ICC) Coverage for expenses a property owner must incur, above and beyond the cost to repair the physical damage the structure actually sustained from a…
Incumbent An incumbent filer is an employee who has worked for more than 60 days during the previous calendar year in a position which required filing of an SF 278.
Incumbent and Termination An incumbent and termination filer is an employee who anticipates terminating his/her covered position employment within 90 days of the annual filing…
Indemnification To secure against any loss or damage, compensate or give security for reimbursement for loss or damage incurred.
Indemnity insurance An indemnity insurance policy pays up to a fixed amount when you make a claim, often on a per day basis.
Indenture An indenture is a written contract between a bond issuer and bond holder that is proof of the bond issuer's indebtedness and specifies the terms of the…
Independent 401(k) The independent 401(k) - also known as a solo 401(k), indy-k, or uni-k - is a variation of the 401(k) designed for people who are self-employed or operate…
Independent adjuster A person who charges a fee to an insurance company to adjust the company’s claim.
Independent authoritative source Independent authoritative source means a professional, business, trade, educational or governmental association, organization, or other similar entity…
Independent authoritative source survey Independent authoritative source survey means a survey of wages conducted by an independent authoritative source and published in a book, newspaper…
independent contractor Performs services for others. The recipients of the services do not control the means or methods the independent contractor uses to accomplish the work.
Index Statistical measure of the state of the stock market or economy based on the performance of stocks or other components.
Index fund A mutual fund that matches its portfolio to that of a specific financial market index, with the objective of tracking the general performance of the…
Index of Leading Economic Indicators This monthly composite of ten economic measurements was developed to track and help forecast changing patterns in the economy.
Index option Index options are puts and calls on a stock index rather than on an individual stock.
Index-linked Certificate of Deposit An index-linked CD is a deposit obligation of the issuing bank and is often sold through bank branches and affiliated and unaffiliated brokers.
Index-linked Share Certificate (SC) An index-linked SC is a deposit obligation of the issuing credit union. Index-linked SCs provide the member the ability to participate in the…
Indexed annuity An indexed annuity is a deferred annuity whose return is tied to the performance of a particular equity market index.
Indicia of an employment relationship Indicia of an employment relationship between the other/secondary employer and an H-1B nonimmigrant (excluding H-1B1 and E-3) include such factors as: (A)…
indirect tax A tax that can be shifted to others, such as business property taxes.
Individual Account An account in the name of one individual.
Individual Retirement Account (IRA) A retirement savings program for individuals to which yearly tax-deductible contributions up to a specified limit can be made.
Individual retirement annuity An individual retirement annuity is one type of individual retirement arrangement.
individual retirement arrangement (IRA) An individual retirement arrangement (IRA), which may be set up as either an account or an annuity, allows people with earned income to contribute to a…
Industry Industry means the set of employers which primarily competes for the same types of workers as those who are the subjects of the H-1B petitions to be filed…
Inefficient market In an inefficient market, investors may not have enough information about the securities in that market to make informed decisions about what to buy or…
infant industry A new or developing domestic industry whose costs of production are higher than those of established firms in the same industry in other countries.
Inflation A condition of increasing prices. Inflation is generally measured by the Consumer Price Index.
Inflation Coverage Endorsement to a homeowner's policy that automatically adjusts the amount of insurance to compensate for inflationary rises in the home's value.
Inflation guard endorsement An endorsement to a homeowner policy that automatically increases the amount of insurance every three months.
Inflation protection Automatically adjusts your home insurance policy limits to account for increases in the costs to repair or rebuild a property.
Inflation rate The inflation rate is a measure of changing prices, typically calculated on a month-to-month and year-to-year basis and expressed as a percentage.
Inflation-adjusted return Inflation-adjusted return is what you earn on an investment after accounting for the impact of inflation.
Inflation-protected security (TIPS) US Treasury inflation-protected securities (TIPS) adust the principal twice a year to reflect inflation or deflation measured by the Consumer Price Index…
informal tax legislation process Individuals and interest groups expressing and promoting their opinions about tax legislation.
INFOTERRA INFOTERRA is an international environmental referral and research network made up of about 175 countries coordinated by the United Nations Environment…
Inherited IRA An inherited IRA is an IRA that passes to a beneficiary at the death of the IRA owner.
Initial Interest Rate The original interest rate for an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM). Sometimes known as the "start rate."
Initial public offering (IPO) When a company reaches a certain stage in its growth, it may decide to issue stock, or go public, with an initial public offering (IPO).
Input-output (I-O) accounts Show the relationships between all the industries in the economy and all the commodities that these industries produce and use.
Input-output (I-O) output multipliers Estimate of output required to satisfy a given level of final use. There are three I-O output multipliers, all of which correspond to the total…
Input-output accounts See Input-output (I-O) accounts
Input-output output multipliers See Input-output (I-O) output multipliers
Inquiry A request for a copy of your credit report. An inquiry occurs every time you fill out a credit application and/or request more credit.
Insider trading If management of a publicly held company, members of its board of directors, or anyone who holds more than 10% of the company trades its shares, it's…
Inspection Report A report filed by an individual employed by the insurance company or credit agency, giving general information on the physical condition of the property.
Inspector General Act Enacted in 1978, this Act authorized establishment of Offices of Inspectors General, “independent and objective units” within federal agencies that…
Inspector General Reform Act Enacted in 2008, this Act amended the Inspector General Act to enhance the independence of inspectors general and to create a Council of the Inspectors…
Installment The regular periodic payment that a borrower agrees to make to a lender.
Installment contract Same or similar to "contract to purchase." See also "contract to purchase" under "mortgage."
Installment Debt A loan that is repaid in accordance with a schedule of payments for a specified term (such as an automobile loan).
Instinet Instinet is the world's largest agency brokerage firm. As an agency firm, it doesn't trade stock for its own account as traditional brokerage houses do.
Institutional fund An institutional fund is a mutual fund that's available to large investors, such as pension funds and not-for-profit organizations, with substantial…
Institutional investor Institutional investors buy and sell securities in large volume, typically 10,000 or more shares of stock, or bonds worth $200,000 or more, in a single…
Insufficient Funds When a depositor's checking account balance is inadequate to pay a check presented for payment.
Insurable interest Any financial interest a person has in the property or person insured. In life insurance, a person´s or party´s interest - financial or emotional - in…
Insurance As a part of PITI, the amount of the monthly mortgage payment that does not include the principal, interest, and taxes. Also see: homeowners insurance.
Insurance (Hazard) Insurance to protect the homeowner and the lender against physical damage to a property from sources such as but not limited to fire, wind, or vandalism.
Insurance to value An amount of insurance at, or close to, the value of the property insured.
Insurance trust You set up an insurance trust to own a life insurance policy on your life. When you die, the face value of the policy is paid to the trust.
Insured The policyholder or person(s) protected in case of a loss/claim.