ExpertGlossary terms starting with A

3,515 terms

  1. ALC Agency Location Code - an eight (8) digit code assigned to U.S. government agencies by the Department of Treasury.
  2. ALCC Airlift Coordination Center (JFACC term). 15
  3. ALCE Airlift Coordination Element (JFACC term).
  4. ALCL An aggressive (fast-growing) type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that is usually of the T-cell type.
  5. ALCM Air Launched Cruise Missile.
  6. alcohol (AL-kuh-hol) A chemical substance found in beer, wine, and liquor. Alcohol is also found in some medicines, mouthwashes, essential oils (scented liquid…
  7. alcohol / DUI Measuring the quantity of alcohol in the blood is one of the three methods available to assess alcohol impairment.
  8. alcohol dependence A disease in which a person craves alcohol, is unable to limit his or her drinking, needs to drink greater amounts to get the same effect, and has…
  9. Alcohol Induced Diabetes See Latent Diabetes
  10. alcoholism (AL-kuh-HAW-LIH-zum) A disease in which a person craves alcohol, is unable to limit his or her drinking, needs to drink greater amounts to get the same…
  11. ALCOR ARPA/Lincoln C-band observable radar. (USAKA KREMS)
  12. Aldara (al-DAR-uh) A drug used to treat early basal cell skin cancer and certain other skin conditions.
  13. ALDC (Advanced Lossless Data Compression) a data compression algorithm that provides substantially greater compression efficiency than IDRC or DLZ. See IDRC.
  14. aldehyde (AL-deh-hide) A type of chemical substance made from alcohol. Aldehydes are found in essential oils (scented liquid taken from plants).
  15. aldesleukin (AL-des-LOO-kin) A drug used to treat some types of cancer. It is a form of interleukin-2, a cytokine made by leukocytes (white blood cells), that is made…
  16. aldoses Occur when the carbonyl group of a monosaccharide is an aldehyde. (Source: Voet, D.; Voet, J. G. Biochemistry. New York: John Wiley, 1990.)
  17. aldosterone (al-DOS-teh-rone) A steroid hormone made by the adrenal cortex (the outer layer of the adrenal gland).
  18. Aldrich syndrome (AL-drich SIN-drome) An inherited immune disorder that occurs in young boys. It causes eczema (a type of skin inflammation), a decrease in the number of…
  19. ALDT Average Logistics Delay Time.
  20. ALE Airborne Laser Experiment.
  21. alefacept (uh-LEH-fuh-sept) A drug that is used to treat certain skin conditions and is being studied in the treatment of cutaneous (skin-related) T-cell cancer and…
  22. Alegato Declaración de una de las partes en una acción jurídica de lo que propone comprobar.
  23. alemtuzumab A type of monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of leukemia. Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-produced substances that can locate and bind to…
  24. alendronate sodium (uh-LEN-droh-nayt SOH-dee-um) A drug used to treat certain bone conditions, such as osteoporosis and Paget disease of the bone.
  25. ALERT Automated Local Event Reporting in Real Time. Network of automatic raingauges that transmit via VHF radio link when precipitation occurs.
  26. Alert (Automated Local Evaluation in Real Time) A flood warning system consisting of remote sensors, data transmission by radio, and a computer software package developed by the National Weather Service…
  27. Alert engine A matching engine which performs matching of incoming documents against stored queries (triggers). A match generates an alert.
  28. ALERT Flood Warning System A cooperative, community-operated flood warning system; the acronym stands for Automated Local Evaluation (in) Real Time.
  29. Alert query An alert query is the set of filtering conditions an end-user or external application sends to the Alert Engine.
  30. Alert Stage The elevation, or stage, of a stream at which need-to-know officials (e.g., county sheriff, civil defense officials, bypass gate operators) are notified…
  31. alerting signal A signal used by the network to indicate the presence of an incoming call. It consists of a ringing signal periodically interrupted by silent (no ringing…
  32. Alerts To notify users of changes to existing information or new information add an alert to track new matches to search queries, changes to content in an area…
  33. aleurone The outermost layer of the endosperm in a seed, and the site of enzymes concerned with endosperm digestion during seedling growth.
  34. Aleutian Current An eastward flowing North Pacific Ocean current which lies north of the North Pacific Current.
  35. Aleutian Low A semi-permanent, subpolar area of low pressure located in the Gulf of Alaska near the Aleutian Islands.
  36. Alevin A young fish which has not yet absorbed its yolk sac.
  37. Alexa Amazon.com owned search service which measures website traffic. Alexa is heavily biased toward sites that focus on marketing and webmaster communities.
  38. ALF Aloft
  39. Alford plea A defendant’s plea that allows him to assert his innocence but allows the court to sentence the defendant without conducting a trial.
  40. ALG Along
  41. Algae Simple plant organism (typically a single cell) commonly found in water.
  42. Algae bloom A heavy growth of algae in and on a body of water as a result of high phosphate concentration from farm fertilizers and detergents.
  43. algal biomass Single-celled plants (e.g. Chlorella spp. and Spirulina spp.) grown commercially in ponds to make feed materials for zooplankton, which are in turn…
  44. Algal bloom Rapid and flourishing growth of algae. Sudden, massive growths of microscopic and macroscopic plant life, such as green or bluegreen algae, which develop…
  45. Algicide Any substance or chemical specifically formulated to kill or control algae.
  46. alginate Polysaccharide gelling agent.
  47. Algor mortis the postmortem cooling of the body.
  48. Algorithm A detailed formula or set of steps for solving a particular problem. To be an algorithm, a set of rules must be unambiguous and have a clear stopping…
  49. algorithm identifier In encryption, a unique identifier or recognizer for a given encryption or hash algorithm, together with any required parameters. [After X9.31-1]
  50. algorithmic language An artificial language established for expressing a given class of algorithms.
  51. Alguacil Un funcionario de las fuerzas del orden que está autorizado, de acuerdo con una orden judicial de desalojo, para sacar a una persona de un inmueble y…
  52. ALI (1) Alpha/LAMP Integration. (2) AEGIS Leap Intercept
  53. alias Called by another name.
  54. alias point code A Signaling System No. 7 (SS7) address that is shared by more than one system supporting the same GTT (global title translation) function (or other SS7…
  55. Alias summons An alias summons is an additional summons when the original is not served on the defendant.
  56. aliases Multiple references to a single object. Messages may be sent to the object via any of its aliases. A resulting state change will be detectable by all.
  57. ALIASING When computer graphics output has jagged edges or a stair-stepped, rather than a smooth, appearance when magnified.
  58. Aliasing (redirecting) Using a fictitious address with which to send and receive e-mail. Typically done to avoid having people write to long "real" e-mail addresses or if…
  59. Alibi Elsewhere; in another place.
  60. Alibi defense A defense to a criminal charge which asserts that the defendant could not have committed the crime at issue because the defendant was at a different…
  61. Alien A foreign-born person who has not qualified as a citizen of the country.
  62. Alienation of affection Alienation of affection means convincing a wife to leave her husband, often for another man, causing the husband to lose conjugal relations.
  63. aligned bundle A bundle of optical fibers in which the relative spatial coordinates of each fiber are the same at the two ends of the bundle.
  64. alignment error rate monitoring A procedure by which the error rate of a signaling link is measured during the initial alignment process. [After T1.110.2-1992] [After T1.226-1992]
  65. alignment jitter The short-term variations between the optimum sampling instants of a digital signal and the sampling clock derived from it. [T1.Rpt17-1993]
  66. Alii Others.
  67. Alimony Alimony is money you get from a spouse with whom you no longer live, or a former spouse, if paid to you as part of a divorce agreement, separation…
  68. Alimony in gross alimony payments paid in one lump sum.
  69. Alimony recapture rule The alimony recapture rule only applies to the payor when alimony payments decrease substantially or end during the first three calendar years.
  70. Alimta (uh-LIM-tuh) A drug that is used to treat malignant pleural mesothelioma and advanced non-small cell lung cancer and is being studied in the treatment of…
  71. Aliquot Portion of a sample.
  72. Aliquot (parts) The standard subdivisions of a section (usually 640 acres [2.6 km2]) of land, such as a half section, quarter section, or quarter-quarter section.
  73. ALIRT Advanced Large-area Infrared Transducer
  74. Alkali A soluble mineral salt.
  75. alkali lignin Lignin obtained by acidification of an alkaline extract of wood.
  76. Alkali sink A land basin in which water evaporation produces high salt concentrations that may, or may not, support salt marsh vegetation.
  77. Alkali-aggregate reaction (AAR) A deterioration of concrete by which the alkali in the cement paste in the concrete reacts chemically with the silica or carbonate present in some…
  78. Alkali-carbonate reaction (ACR) Reaction of alkalis which occurs between certain argillaceous dolomitic limestones and the alkaline pore solution in the concrete and causes expansion and…
  79. Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) Reaction of alkalis with aggregate with various forms of poorly crystalline reactive silica: opal, chert, flint and chalcedony and also tridymite…
  80. Alkali-silicate/silica reaction (ASSR) Reaction of alkalis with strained quartz is thought to be one reactive component of aggregates causing this reaction.
  81. Alkaline Having a pH of 7.0 or above. The condition of water or soil which contains a sufficient amount of alkali substances to raise the pH above 7.0.
  82. alkaline hydrolysis The use of solutions of sodium hydroxide (or other alkali) in the treatment of cellulosic material (wood) to break down cellulose to simple sugars.
  83. Alkalinity The total concentration of bases in water.
  84. alkalinization (AL-ka-LIN-ih-ZAY-shun) The process by which a substance becomes an alkali. An alkali is the opposite of an acid.
  85. alkaloid A member of a large group of chemicals that are made by plants and have nitrogen in them. Some alkaloids have been shown to work against cancer.
  86. Alkeran A drug that is used to treat multiple myeloma and ovarian epithelial cancer and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer.
  87. alkylating agent (AL-kuh-LAY-ting AY-jent) A type of drug that is used in the treatment of cancer. It interferes with the cell's DNA and inhibits cancer cell growth.
  88. ALL A fast-growing type of leukemia (blood cancer) in which too many lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) are found in the blood and bone marrow.
  89. All Clear Tow boating term meaning that boat and/or tow is clear of obstructions.
  90. All or none order (AON) When a trading order is marked AON, the broker who is handling the order must either fill the whole order or not fill it at all.
  91. all trunks busy (ATB) An equipment condition in which all trunks (paths) in a given trunk group are busy.
  92. All-American Canal The All-American Canal System, located in the southeastern corner of California, consists of the Imperial Diversion Dam and Desilting Works, the…
  93. All-American Roads A National Scenic Byway is a road recognized by the U.S. Department of Transportation for its archeological, cultural, historic, natural, recreational…
  94. all-glass fiber Synonym all-silica fiber.
  95. All-In To run out of chips while betting or calling. In table stakes games, a player -may not go into his pocket for more money during a hand.
  96. All-inclusive deed of trust Similar to a "wraparound mortgage." See also "wraparound mortgage."
  97. all-silica fiber An optical fiber composed of a silica-based core and cladding. Note: The presence of a protective polymer overcoat does not disqualify a fiber as an…
  98. all-trans retinoic acid (all-tranz REH-tih-NOH-ik A-sid) A form of vitamin A that is made by the body, and can also be made in the laboratory.
  99. Allan variance One half of the time average over the sum of the squares of the differences between successive readings of the frequency deviation sampled over the…
  100. allcall In adaptive high-frequency (HF) radio automatic link establishment (ALE), a general broadcast that does not request responses and does not designate any…