avalanche photodiode (APD)A photodiode that operates with a reverse-bias voltage that causes the primary photocurrent to undergo amplification by cumulative multiplication of…
Avandia(uh-VAN-dee-uh) A drug that helps control the amount of glucose (sugar) in the blood and is being studied in the prevention and treatment of some types of…
Avastin(uh-VAS-tin) A monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of colorectal cancer that has spread.
Avelox(A-veh-lox) A drug used to treat bacterial infections. It is a type of fluoroquinolone. Also called moxifloxacin and moxifloxacin hydrochloride .
AverageA stock market average is a mathematical way of reporting the composite change in prices of the stocks that the average includes.
Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT)A measurement representing the total number of vehicles passing a given location, based upon 24-hour counts taken over an entire year.
Average annual runoffFor a specified area, the average value of annual runoff amounts calculated for a selected period of record that represents average hydrologic conditions.
Average annual yieldAverage annual yield is the average yearly income on an investment, expressed as a percentage.
Average CostThe total cost of production divided by the total quantity produced.
Average daily balanceThe average daily balance method is one of the ways that the finance charge on your credit card may be calculated.
Average daily balance method with compoundingAccording to this method, we calculate the interest charges for each balance by applying the “daily periodic rate” for that balance to the “average…
Average daily balance method without compoundingAccording to this method, we calculate the interest charges for each balance by applying the “daily periodic rate” for that balance to the “average…
Average degree of consolidationThe ratio of the total volume change in a soil mass at a given time to the total volume change anticipated in the soil mass due to primary consolidation.
Average DemandThe demand on, or the power output of, an electrical system or any of its parts over an interval of time, as determined by the total number of…
Average energyThe total power generation produced by a powerplant during all of the years of its actual or simulated operation divided by the number of years of actual…
Average Final Compensation (AFC)Average final compensation (AFC) is the 12 highest consecutive quarters of a member’s earnable compensation divided by three.
Average megawatt (MWa, aMW)One megawatt of capacity produced continuously over a period of one year. 1 aMW = 1 MW x 8760 hours/year = 8,760 MWh = 8,760,000 kWh.
average picture level (APL)In video systems, the average level of the picture signal during active scanning time integrated over a frame period; defined as a percentage of the range…
Average PriceDetermining the cost of a home by totaling the cost of all houses sold in one area and dividing by the number of homes sold.
Average query response timeThe average time it takes for the search engine to respond to a given query. There are typically two times that can be measured: 1) the average response…
Average Unit Procurement Cost (AUPC)Design to average unit procurement cost objectives, expressed in constant dollars, are established for Milestone I, Concept Demonstration Approval.
Average valueAverage value Arithmetic mean (m) of a number (n) of values (x1, x2, ... xn), defined by the equation: m = Sxi/n.
AVHRRAdvanced Very High Resolution Radiometer. Main sensor on U.S. polar orbiting satellites.
AVI (.avi)Abbreviation for audio video interleaved. A file-name extension used to indicate a compressed video file in the AVI standard for a common operating system.
AVI (Audio-Video Interleave)A Microsoft standard for Windows animation files that interleaves audio and video to provide medium quality multimedia.
Aviation gasolineAll special grades of gasoline for use in aviation reciprocating engines, as given in the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) specification…
avidinA glycoprotein present in egg white, which has a strong affinity to biotin. Can lead to biotin deficiency if given in large quantities.
avidityA measure of the binding strength of an antibody to its antigen.
avirulence gene(Abbreviation: avr gene). Many plants contain R genes, which confer simply-inherited resistance to a specific pathogen race.
AvitaA topical preparation of tretinoin that is used to treat acne. Tretinoin is a form of vitamin A.
AVKAbbreviation for audio video kernel. Digital video interface (.dvi) software designed for playing motion video and audio across several different…
AVNThe Aviation model (120-hour numerical model of the atmosphere). The output from this model is now part of what is known as the GFS model.
AvodartA drug used to treat symptoms of an enlarged prostate gland. It is being studied in the treatment of male hair loss and prostate cancer.
Avoid HarmExecutive Order 13158 mandates that each federal agency whose actions affect an MPA shall, to the extent permitted by law and to the maximum extent…
avoidance(uh-VOY-dunts) The act of staying away from people, places, and thoughts that may cause anxiety, pain, or unpleasant feelings.
avoidance powersThe powers used by a trustee to undo transfers of the debtors property.
avoidance routingThe assignment of a circuit path to avoid certain critical or trouble-prone circuit nodes.
Avoided CostThe incremental cost to an electric power producer to generate or purchase a unit of electricity or capacity or both.
Avoided costsAn investment guideline describing the value of a conservation or generation resource investment by the cost of more expensive resources that a utility…
Avoirdupois weightAn English and American system of weights based on a pound of 16 ounces.
AVPOn a buoy report, Average Wave Period is the average period (seconds) of the highest one-third of the wave observed during a 20 minute sampling period.
AVSSAbbreviation for audio-video support system. A digital video interface system software (for DOS) that plays motion video and audio. [After Silicon]
Avuncular relationshipThe genetic relationship between nieces and nephews and their aunts and uncles.
AWIPSAdvanced Weather Interactive Processing System. This system replaced the Automation of Field Operations and Services (AFOS).
awkDescriptive editing term--short for "awkward". Also coincidentally refers to a venerable text-processing language from which Perl derived some of its…
AwningA metal frame clad with fabric attached over a window, door, porch opening or storefront to provide protection from the weather.
AWS(1) AEGIS Weapons System (2) Advanced Warning System. (3) Arrow Weapons System (Joint US/Israeli BMD weapons system).
AWS (Amazon Web Services)AWS is short for Amazon Web Services. In addition to selling books and variety of other consumer products, Amazon also offers a variety of web services…
AWS CloudFormationA service for writing or changing templates that create and delete related AWS resources together as a unit. See Also http://aws.amazon.com/cloudformation.
AWS Consolidated BillingA billing option that lets you get a single bill for multiple AWS accounts. See Also http://aws.amazon.com/consolidated-billing.
AWS Identity and Access ManagementA web service that enables Amazon Web Services customers to manage users and user permissions within AWS. See Also http://aws.amazon.com/iam.
AWS Management ConsoleA graphical interface to manage compute, storage, and other cloud resources. See Also http://aws.amazon.com/console.
AWT (Abstract Windowing Toolkit)The Abstract Windowing Toolkit (AWT) provides a collection of classes that simplify the creation of applications with graphical user interfaces.
axenic cultureFree of external contaminants and internal symbionts; generally not possible with surface sterilization alone, sometimes used incorrectly to indicate.
Axial FansFans in which the direction of the flow of the air from inlet to outlet remains unchanged; includes propeller, tubaxial, and vaneaxial type fans.
Axial Flow CompressorA type of air compressor in which air is compressed in a series of stages as it flows axially through a decreasing tubular area.
Axial Flow TurbineA turbine in which the flow of a steam or gas is essentially parallel to the rotor axis.
axial propagation constantIn an optical fiber, the propagation constant evaluated along the optical axis of the fiber in the direction of transmission.
axial ratioOf an electromagnetic wave having elliptical polarization, the ratio of the magnitudes of the major axis and the minor axis of the ellipse described by…
axial rayA light ray that travels along the optical axis.
axillary(AK-sih-LAYR-ee) Pertaining to the armpit area, including the lymph nodes that are located there.
axillary budA bud found at the axil of a leaf. Synonym: lateral bud.
axillary bud proliferationPropagation of plant tissue in vitro to promote axillary growth, to generate large numbers of plantlets in culture.
axillary dissection(AK-sih-LAYR-ee dy-SEK-shun) Surgery to remove lymph nodes found in the armpit region. Also called axillary lymph node dissection.
axillary lymph node(AK-sih-LAYR-ee limf ...) A lymph node in the armpit region that drains lymph channels from the breast.
axillary lymph node dissection(AK-sih-LAYR-ee limfâ¦dy-SEK-shun) Surgery to remove lymph nodes found in the armpit region. Also called axillary dissection.