E-Discovery terms starting with D

81 terms

DAC (Digital to Analog Converter) Converts digital data to analog data.
DAD (Digital Audio Disc) Another term for compact disc.
DAT An acronym for Digital Audio Tape, which some backup systems utilize as a storage medium.
DAT (Digital Audio Tape) A magnetic tape generally used to record audio but can hold up to 40 gigabytes (or 60 CDs) of data if used for data storage.
data A representation of facts, concepts, or instructions in a formalized manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing by humans or by…
Data and Format Conversion Includes rebuilding PSTs and other e-mail formats as well as voice and video conversion.
Data Collection See Harvesting.
Data Element A combination of characters or bytes referring to one separate piece of information, such as name, address, or age.
Data Extraction The process of retrieving data from documents (hard copy or electronic). The process may be manual or electronic.
Data Field See Field.
Data Filtering The process of identifying for extraction specific data based on specified parameters.
Data Formats The organization of information for display, storage or printing. Data is maintained in certain common formats so that it can be used by various programs…
Data Harvesting See Harvesting.
Data Mapping Going beyond basic search capabilities, data mapping is also called keyless searching.
Data Mining Data mining generally refers to techniques for extracting summaries and reports from an organizations databases and data sets.
data set A named or defined collection of data. See also Production Data Set and Privilege Data Set.
Data Streams Microsoft introduced a data storage concept called data streams in Windows NT version 3.51.
Data Verification Assessment of data to ensure it has not been modified. The most common method of verification is hash coding by some method such as MD5.
database In electronic records a database is a set of data elements consisting of at least one file, or of a group of integrated files, usually stored in one…
database management system (DBMS) A software system used to access and retrieve data stored in a database.
Daubert (challenge) Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, 509 U.S. 579 (1993), addresses the admission of scientific expert testimony to ensure that the testimony is…
De-duplication De-Duplication ("De-Duping") is the process of comparing electronic records based on their characteristics and removing duplicate records from the data…
De-duplication or deduplication The identification and segregation of exact or nearly-exact files. De-duplication can substantially reduce the cost of working with electronic document…
De-Fragment (de-frag) Use of a computer utility to reorganize files so they are more contiguous on a hard drive or other storage medium, if the files or parts thereof have…
De-shading Removing shaded areas to render images more easily recognizable by OCR. De-shading software typically searches for areas with a regular pattern of tiny…
De-skewing The process of straightening skewed (tilted) images. De-skewing is one of the image enhancements that can improve OCR accuracy.
De-speckling Removing isolated speckles from an image file. Speckles often develop when a document is scanned or faxed.
Decryption Transformation of encrypted (or scrambled) data back to original form.
Deleted Data Deleted Data is data that existed on the computer as live data and which have been deleted by the computer system or end-user activity.
Deleted File A file with disk space that has been designated as available for reuse. The deleted file remains intact until it has been overwritten with a new file.
Deleted files When a file is deleted from an operating system (e.g. Windows), the contents of the file may still remain intact.
Deleted Files and Data recoverable information from deleted files and data may be stored in unallocated or slack space on a computer hard drive.
Deletion Deletion is the process whereby data is removed from active files and other data storage structures on computers and rendered inaccessible except using…
Descenders the portion of a character which falls below the main part of the letter (e.g. g, p, q)
Desktop Usually refers to an individual PC -- a user's 'desktop computer' (as opposed to a network computer or server).
DIA/DCA (Document Interchange Architecture) An IBM standard for transmission and storage of voice, text or video over networks.
Digital Information stored as a string of ones and zeros. Opposite of analog.
digital certificate Electronic records that contain keys used to decrypt information, especially information sent over a public network like the Internet.
Digital Fingerprint A fixed-length hash code that uniquely represents the binary content of a file.
digitize The process of converting an analog value into a digital (numeric) representation.
Directory A simulated file folder or container used to organize files and directories in a hierarchical or tree-like structure.
Disaster Recovery Tape A form of transferable media device used to store data that is not currently being used by the organization in order to create additional space while…
Disc (Disk) It may be a floppy disk, or it may be a hard disk. Either way, it is a magnetic storage medium on which data is digitally stored.
Disc mirroring A method of protecting data from a catastrophic hard disc failure or for long term data storage.
Disc Partition A hard drive containing a set of consecutive cylinders.
Discovery This is when the Court orders each party (each side) to give each other information about the facts before the trial, to avoid surprise.
Discwipe Utility that overwrites existing data. Various utilities exist with varying degrees of efficiency - some wipe only named files or unallocated space of…
Disk (Disc) Refers to both floppy disks and hard disks, which are both a form of magnetic storage medium used to digitally store data.
Disk Mirroring When files are stored on a computer system's hard disk, a 'mirror' copy is made on an additional hard disk or a separate part of the same disk to…
disposition The court's final determination of a lawsuit, the outcome of the case.
Distributed Data Data that resides on portable media and non-local devices such as laptop computers, home computers, CD-ROMs, floppy disks, zip drives, wireless…
Dithering In printing, dithering is usually called halftoning, and shades of gray are called halftones.
DLT (Digital Linear Tape) A type of backup tape which can hold up to 80 GB depending on the data file format.
document Fed. R. Civ. P. 34(a) defines a document as including writings, drawings, graphs, charts, photographs, phonorecords, and other data compilations.
Document Blowback The process of printing document images and scanned files to hard copy in mass.
Document Coding The process of reviewing documents and summarizing key elements into a structured database format.
Document Date The original creation date of a document. For an email the document date is indicated by the date-stamp of the email.
Document Imaging The conversion of paper based documents to electronic images of the documents through a scan.
Document Imaging Programs Software used to store, manage, retrieve and distribute documents quickly and easily on the computer.
Document Management System A computer system that tracks and stores electronic documents or image representations of paper documents.
Document Metadata Data about the document stored in the document, as opposed to document content.
Document Repositories Application specifically designed for litigation document management following scanning and processing of documents.
Document Retention The preservation of documents and data, including hard copy and electronic documents, databases and e-mails, that are created, sent and received in an…
Document Retention Policy A systematic plan for reviewing, maintaining and destroying documents and data, including hard copy and electronic documents, databases and e-mails, that…
Document Scanning Services A process of creating electronic files based on a paper copy original. Software is used to create a representative bitmapped image of the original…
Document Type or Doc Type A typical field used in bibliographical coding. Typical doc type examples include letter, memo, report, article and others.
Domain A sub-network of servers and computers within a LAN. Domain information is useful when restoring backup tapes, particularly of email.
Domino Database Another name for Lotus Notes Databases versions 5.0 or higher. See NSF.
Dot Pitch Distance of one pixel in a CRT to the next pixel on the vertical plane. The smaller the number, the higher quality display.
DPI (Dots Per Inch) The measurement of the resolution of display in printing systems. A typical CRT screen provides 96 dpi, which provides 9,216 dots per square inch (96x96).
Draft Record A draft record is a preliminary version of a record before it has been completed, finalized, accepted, validated or filed.
Drag-and-Drop The movement of on-screen objects by dragging them with the mouse, and dropping them in another place.
DRAM Dynamic Random Access Memory, a memory technology which is periodically refreshed or updated as opposed to static RAM chips which do not require…
Drive Geometry A computer hard drive is made up of a number of rapidly rotating platters that have a set of read/write heads on both sides of each platter.
driver A driver is a computer program that controls various devices such as the keyboard, mouse, monitor, etc.
DSP (Digital Signal Processor/Processing) A special purpose computer (or technique) which digitally processes signals and electrical/analog waveforms.
DTP (Desktop Publishing) PC applications used to prepare direct print output or output suitable for printing presses.
Duplex A dwelling divided into two units.
Duplex Scanners vs. Double-Sided Scanning Duplex scanners automatically scan both sides of a doublesided page, producing two images at once.
DVD (Digital Video Disc or Digital Versatile Disc) A plastic disc, like a CD, on which data can be written and read. DVDs are faster, can hold more information, and can support more data formats than CDs.
Dynamic De-duplication RenewData's proprietary dynamic de-duplication technology handles large volumes of information and ensures that unique meta-data and original content are…