E-Discovery terms starting with F

50 terms

False Positive/Negative A result that is not correct. This may be a result of performing a process incorrectly or using a process that is not accurate.
Family Range A family range describes the range of documents from the first Bates production number assigned to the first page of the top most parent document through…
Family Relationship A family relationship is formed among two or more documents that have a connection or relatedness because of some factor.
FAT (File Allocation Table) An internal data table on hard drives that keeps track of where the files are stored.
FAX Short for facsimile. A process of transmitting documents by scanning them to digital, converting to analog, transmitting over phone lines and reversing…
Fed. R. Civ P Federal Rules of Civil Procedure
Fiber Optics Transmitting information by sending light pulses over cables made from thin strands of glass.
Field (or Data Field) A name for an individual piece of standardized data, such as the author of a document, a recipient, the date of a document or any other piece of data…
Field Separator A code that separates the fields in a record. For example, the CSV format uses a comma as the field separator.
file To place a paper in the official custody of the clerk of court/court administrator to enter into the files or records of a case.
File Allocation Table Microsoft operating systems store data in fixed length blocks of bytes called clusters, with the size of these blocks depending on the type of storage…
File Compression See Compression.
File Conversion Changing data or a file from one format to another. For example, Native files may be converted from their original source format (e.g.
File Extension A tag of three or four letters, preceded by a period, which identifies a data file's format or the application used to create the file.
File Format The organization or characteristics of a file that allow it to be used with certain software programs.
File Level Binary Comparison Method of de-duplication using the digital fingerprint (hash) of a file. File Level Binary comparison ignores metadata, and can determine that SHOPPING…
File Server When several or many computers are networked together in a LAN situation, one computer may be utilized as a storage location for files for the group.
File Sharing The ability for computer systems networked together to share files that are stored on the file server.
File Signature Within the file, the file signature is the information about the true program-related origin of the file and, therefore, its type.
File Slack The unused space on a cluster that exists when the logical file space is less than the physical file space.
File Slack Space File slack potentially contains randomly selected bytes of data from computer memory because DOS/Windows normally writes in 512 byte blocks called sectors.
File System The engine that an operating system or program uses to organize and kept track of files.
File System Metadata Data that can be obtained or extracted about a file from the file system storing the file.
file transfer Moving named files from one computer or network to another
Filename The name of a file, excluding root drive and directory path information. Different operating systems may impose different restrictions on filenames, for…
Filtering Electronic filtering of emails and files for privilege or by keyword, file, type, or name.
FIPS Federal Information Processing Standards issued by the National Institute of Standards and Technology after approval by the Secretary of Commerce pursuant…
Firewall A set of related programs that protect the resources of a private network from users from other networks.
Flatbed Scanner A flat-surface scanner that allows users to input books and other documents.
Floppy A thin magnetic film disk that is used as an older method for storing data.
Floppy Disc An increasingly rare storage medium consisting of a thin magnetic film disk housed in a protective sleeve.
folder See Directory.
Forensic Computer Expert A litigation expert and consultant in the field of computer forensics. The steps taken by a forensics expert can include: 1) protecting a subject computer…
Forensic Copy A precise bit-by-bit copy of a computer system's hard drive, including slack and unallocated space.
Forensically Sound Procedures Procedures used for acquiring electronic information in a manner that ensures it is 'as originally discovered' and is reliable enough to be admitted into…
Forensics Computer forensics is the scientific examination and analysis of data held on, or retrieved from, computer storage media in such a way that the…
Form of Production The manner in which requested documents are produced. Used to refer both to file format (native vs.
Format The internal structure of a file, which defines the way it is stored and used. Specific applications may define unique formats for their data (i.e.
Format (verb) Makes a drive ready for first use. Erroneously thought to wipe drive. Typically, only overwrites FAT, but not files on the drive.
Forms Processing A specialized imaging application designed for handling pre-printed forms. Forms processing systems often use high-end (or multiple) OCR engines and…
Fragmented In the course of normal computer operations when files are saved, deleted or moved, the files or parts thereof may be broken into pieces, or fragmented…
Fragmented Data Live data that has been disseminated and stored in multiple areas on a single hard drive or disk.
FRCP Federal Rules of Civil Procedure
FRCP or Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Rules that govern civil actions brought in U.S. Federal district courts. Many states enact similar rules.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) An Internet protocol that enables the transfer of files between computers over a network or the Internet.
Full Duplex Data communications devices which allow full speed transmission in both directions at the same time.
Full Path A path name description that includes the drive, starting or root directory, all attached subdirectories and ending with the file or object name.
Full-Text Indexing and Search Every word in the document is indexed into a master word list with pointers to the documents and pages where each occurrence of the word appears.
full-text search The ability to search a data file for specific words, numbers and/or combinations or patterns thereof.
Fuzzy Search Subjective content searching (as compared to word searching of objective data).