Law terms starting with R

191 terms

1. Réplica, contestación La contestación de un demandante a una respuesta del demandado que contiene una reconvención, o contrareclamo.
2. RAM Random Access Memory - the hardware inside a computer that retains memory on a short-term basis and stores information while the user utilizes the…
3. RAM (Random Access Memory) The working memory of the computer into which application programs can be loaded and executed.
4. Random 1) having no specific pattern 2) produced by chance or unplanned in nature
5. ranking minority member The highest ranking (and usually longest serving) minority member of a committee or subcommittee.
6. Raster Image An electronic representation of a page expressed in pixels. This pixel representation of a printed page is like a picture of the page.
7. Raster/Rasterized (Raster or Bitmap Drawing) A method of representing an image with a grid (or map) of dots. Typical raster file formats are GIF, JPEG, TIFF, PCX, BMP, etc.
8. Ratio legis The reason underlying the law.
9. Rationale for Patentability The reasoning behind a decision that a claimed invention is patentable. MPEP 1302.14.
10. Raw Relational Database Classic database that stores information, but not actual items. Financial, property, metrics, etc.
11. RCE Request for Continued Examination a request filed in an application in which prosecution is closed (e.g.
12. RE reexamination
13. Re-direct examination Opportunity to present rebuttal evidence after one's witness has been subjected to crossexamination.
14. Re-Examination Technique exhibits (the questioned and known items of original evidence) of a previously analyzed case are examined and a conclusion reached by the reviewer, prior…
15. Reads On A claim includes within its scope certain subject matter.
16. reaffirmation agreement An agreement by a chapter 7 debtor to continue paying a dischargeable debt (such as an auto loan) after the bankruptcy, usually for the purpose of keeping…
17. Reagent a substance that, because of the reactions it causes, is used in analysis and synthesis.
18. Reagent blank control an analytical control sample that contains no template DNA and is used to monitor contamination from extraction to final fragment or sequence analysis.
19. Real property A dwelling or home is often referred to as real property.
20. Realized Redeployment Actual redeployment calculated after implementation of the grant.
21. Reasonable doubt A person accused of a crime is entitled to acquittal if, in the minds of the jury, his or her guilt has not been proved beyond a "reasonable doubt;" i.e.
22. Reasonable person A phrase used to denote a hypothetical person who exercises qualities of attention, knowledge; intelligence, and judgment that society requires of its…
23. Reasonable visitation a form of visitation in which the parents work out a schedule of visitation for the non-custodial parent.
24. Rebeldía procesal Cuando una parte (persona) que participa en un juicio deja de responder o comparecer dentro del período de tiempo fijado.
25. Rebut Evidence disproving other evidence previously given or reestablishing the credibility of challenged evidence. See rejoinder.
26. Receipts Collections from the public and from payments by participants in certain social insurance and other Federal programs.
27. recess A temporary interruption of the Senate's (or a committee's) business. Generally, the Senate recesses (rather than adjourns) at the end of each calendar…
28. Rechazo de aprobación de una acusación por un gran jurado La decisión de un gran jurado de no emitir una acusación formal.
29. Reciprocal discovery After the defendant has been given discovery by the government, the government can make limited reciprocal discovery requests of the defendant.
30. Recluir El derecho de un tribunal de ordenar que una persona sea recluida en una institución correccional, en un hospital para enfermos mentales o en un…
31. Recognizance An obligation entered into before a court whereby the recognizor acknowledges that he will do a specific act required by law.
32. recognize The Chair permits a Senator to speak by recognizing him or her; the Senator then "has the floor.
33. Reconciliation The process of analyzing two related records and, if differences exist between them, finding the cause and bringing the two records into agreement.
34. reconciliation bill A bill containing changes in law recommended pursuant to reconciliation instructions in a budget resolution.
35. reconciliation instruction A provision in a budget resolution directing one or more committees to report (or submit to the Budget Committee) legislation changing existing law in…
36. reconciliation process A process established in the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 by which Congress changes existing laws to conform tax and spending levels to the levels set…
37. reconsider Senate rules permit one motion to reconsider any question decided by vote, if offered by a Senator who voted on the winning side.
38. record All the documents and evidence plus transcripts of oral proceedings in a case.
39. record copy original copy of an international application filed under the Patent Cooperation Treaty maintained by the International Bureau of the World Intellectual…
40. Record Custodian A records custodian is an individual responsible for the physical storage and protection of records throughout their retention period.
41. Record Lifecycle The time period from when a record is created until it is disposed.
42. Record Owner The records owner is the subject matter expert on the contents of the record and is responsible for the lifecycle management of the record.
43. record series A description of a particular set of records within a file plan. Each category has retention and disposition data associated with it, applied to all…
44. Record Submitter The Record Submitter is the person who enters a record in an application or system. This may be, but is not necessarily, the author or the record owner.
45. recordation form cover sheet USPTO form that trademark owners use to record trademark assignments (changes in ownership of marks for applications and registrations) and a trademark…
46. Records Hold See Legal Hold.
47. records management Records Management is the planning, controlling, directing, organizing, training, promoting and other managerial activities involving the lifecycle of…
48. Records Management System (RMS) A centralized relational data system that includes multiple data files that can be queried in tandem.
49. Records Management Systems A Records Management System (RMS) is a centralized relational data system that includes multiple data files that can be queried in tandem.
50. records manager The records manager is responsible for the implementation of a records management program in keeping with the policies and procedures that govern that…
51. Records Retention Period, Retention Period The length of time a given records series must be kept, expressed as either a time period (e.g., four years), an event or action (e.g.
52. Records Retention Schedule A plan for the management of records, listing types of records and how long they should be kept; the purpose is to provide continuing authority to dispose…
53. Records Store See Repository for Electronic Records.
54. Recover, Recovery See Restore.
55. Recusación sin causa El derecho de una de las partes en un juicio de rechazar a un posible jurado sin dar una razón.
56. Recuse The process by which a judge is disqualified from hearing a case, on his or her own motion or upon the objection of either party.
57. Redact The permanent deletion of data from documents. Documents are redacted in order to remove privileged information, maintain privacy, or protect intellectual…
58. redacted publication a patent application publication that omits material that was present in the specification or claims of the nonprovisional patent application filed in the…
59. redaction A portion of an image or document is intentionally concealed to prevent disclosure of specific portions.
60. Redeployment Redeployment occurs when sworn officers, currently employed by the grantee law enforcement agency, become available to participate in additional community…
61. Redeployment Tracking The process by which COPS MORE grantees measure the time savings achieved as a direct result of the funded technology, equipment, and/or support personnel.
62. Redeployment Tracking Plan A written document that describes how a COPS MORE grantee administers redeployment tracking.
63. Redress To set right; to remedy; to compensate; to remove the causes of a grievance.
64. reduction to practice The physical part of the inventive process that completes the process of invention. Until there is a reduction of practice, there is no invention.
65. Reduction to Practice, Actual Building a physical embodiment of an invention and testing it under conditions that would indicate to a person skilled in the art that the invention was…
66. Reduction to Practice, Constructive Filing a patent application that explains how to make and how to use an invention in sufficient detail that a person skilled in the art could practice the…
67. Reexamination Examination of the patentability of an invention claimed in an issued U.S. patent at the request of the USPTO, the patent owner or a third party.
68. reexamination proceeding at any time during the enforceability of a patent any person may file a request for the USPTO to conduct a second examination of any claim of the patent…
69. Referee A person appointed by the Chief Judge to hear and determine certain cases. Here, the Referee hears any and all cases regarding housing, including eviction…
70. reference A document that discloses subject matter that is material to a determination of the patentability of a claimed invention. MPEP 2126, MPEP 2126.
71. reference (prior art) -- see MPEP 900 for information
72. Reference Character A numeral or letter used to identify an element on a patent drawing.
73. Reference Standard a sample acquired or prepared that has known properties for the purpose of calibrating equipment and/or for use as a control in experiments
74. Referral A written order from your primary care doctor for you to see a specialist or get certain medical services.
75. Refresh Rate The number of times per second a display (such as on a CRT or TV) is updated.
76. Region (of an image) An area of an image file that is selected for specialized processing. Also called a zone.
77. Registered mark Trademark with the words "Registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office" or the letter "R" enclosed within a circle.
78. Registration Lining up a forms image to determine which fields are where. Also, entering pages into a scanner such that they are correctly read.
79. registration number a registered patent attorney/agent is assigned a registration number that they must include on patent correspondence and forms when representing others…
80. regular meeting day Senate Rule XXVI requires that all committees designate at least one day a month on which it will meet to transact business.
81. Rehabilitate To permanently change behavior.
82. Rehearing Another hearing of a civil or criminal case by the same court in which the case was originally heard.
83. Reinstatement The process by which a life insurance company puts a policy back in force after it lapsed because of nonpayment of renewal premiums.
84. Reissue The issue of a patent that was issued previously in order to correct an error in the patent. MPEP 1401, MPEP 1402.
85. Reissue Application an application for a patent to take the place of an unexpired patent that is defective in one or more particulars (items or details) --see MPEP 201.
86. Reissue Patent A corrected U.S. patent that issues from an allowed reissue application. MPEP 1401, MPEP 1402, MPEP 1403.
87. rejection The refusal of a patent Examiner to allow a claim based on specific legal grounds. MPEP 706, MPEP 706.01.
88. Rejection, Final A rejection of a claim that occurs on the second or any subsequent examination of its patentability.
89. Rejoinder Opportunity for the plaintiff/petitioner to offer limited response to evidence presented by the defendant/respondent. See rebut.
90. Relative Path An implied path.
91. Relevant Directly related to the issue as it tends either to prove or disprove the point.
92. Reliability The consistency of a measure or question in obtaining very similar or identical results when used repeatedly; for example, if you repeated a blood test…
93. Remand To send a dispute back to the court where it was originally heard. Usually it is an appellate court that remands a case for proceedings in the trial court…
94. Remedy Legal or judicial means by which a right or privilege is enforced or the violation of a right or privilege is prevented, redressed, or compensated.
95. Remittitur The reduction by a judge of the damages awarded by a jury.
96. Remote Access The ability to access and use digital information from a location off-site from where the information is physically located.
97. Removal The transfer of a state case to federal court.
98. Render Images To take a native format electronic file and convert it to an image that appears as the original format file as if printed to paper.
99. Renewal A form of extending an unpaid loan in which the borrower's remaining unpaid loan balance is carried over (renewed) into a new loan at the beginning of the…
100. Renewal Fee The periodic fee charge by a patent office for maintaining a patent in force. MPEP 2501, MPEP 2504, MPEP 509.