snapshotAmazon Elastic Block Store creates snapshots or backups of your volumes and stores them in Amazon S3.
SOA (Service-Oriented Architecture)Principles and practices for sharing, reusing, and orchestrating business logic represented as services or components.
SOAPSOAP provides a standard, extensible, composable framework for packaging and exchanging XML messages between a service provider and a service requester.
Software ProvisioningInstalling, configuring, and making software available for applications and users.
software VPNA software appliance-based VPN connection over the Internet.
source/destination checkingA security measure to verify that an EC2 instance is the origin of all traffic that it sends and the ultimate destination of all traffic that it receives…
Spot InstanceA purchase option available to AWS users. In essense, users can bid on spare Amazon EC2 instances and purchase them if their bid exceeds the current Spot…
SSH KeyWhen you launch an image through AWS, you will specify a particular SSH Key to associate with that image.
standalone containerA simple HTTP server that passes requests to the SOAP engine and it can only serve .wsdl and .xsd files.
Standard buttonAn HTML-coded button to offer Amazon Simple Pay as a standalone payment method for one-time purchases.
statisticOne of five functions of the values submitted for a given sampling period. These functions are "Maximum", "Minimum," "Sum," "Average," and "SampleCount."
step typeThe type of work done in a step. There are a limited number of step types, such as moving data from Amazon S3 to Amazon EC2 or from Amazon EC2 to Amazon…
sticky sessionA feature of the load balancer that binds a user's session to a specific application instance so that all requests coming from the user during the session…
Storage ElementA physical grid component that is a storage component, such as a disk or array. See also: Grid Component
Storage GatewayA storage and content delivery service that connects an on-premise software applicance with cloud-based storage.
Storage ProvisioningThe allocation of storage for use for applications (including databases) and users.
stream mode (MODE S)The only mode normally implemented for FTP is MODE S. This is simply sending each byte, one after another over the socket in order, with no application…
streamingAmazon EMR: A utility that comes with Hadoop that enables you to develop MapReduce executables in languages other than Java.
string-to-signBefore you calculate an HMAC signature, you first assemble the required components in a canonical order. The pre-encrypted string is the string-to-sign.
stripingWhen speaking about GridFTP transfers, striping refers to having multiple network endpoints at the source, destination, or both participating in the…
subnetA segment of the IP address range of a VPC that EC2 instances can be attached to.
subscription aggregator sourceAn aggregator source (included in WS MDS) that collects data from a WSRF service via WSRF subscription/notification.
Subscription buttonAn HTML-coded button that enables an easy way to charge customers a recurring fee.
superuser do (sudo)Allows a system administrator to give certain users (or groups of users) the ability to run some (or all) commands as root or another user while logging…
supported AMIAn Amazon Machine Image similar to a paid AMI, except that the owner charges for additional software or a service that customers use with their own AMIs.
target nameThe address or location of a copy of a data item on a storage system.
task nodeAn EC2 instance that runs Hadoop map and reduce tasks, but does not store data.
tebibyteA contraction of tera binary byte, a tebibyte is 2^40 bytes or 1,099,511,627,776 bytes. A terabyte is 10^12 or 1,000,000,000,000 bytes.
Technical Enterprise ApplicationsA class of enterprise application which usually exhibits some of the following attributes - Often highly parallel Heavily batch oriented.
template format versionThe version of an AWS CloudFormation template design that determines the available features.
template validationThe process of confirming the use of JSON code in an AWS CloudFormation template.
The Cloudis 'the Internet', or 'the Grid', or 'Utility Computing' or 'the Information Superhighway', or any other buzz word you can think of for the latest…
The Stacka stack is made up of various computing components which provide different functionality.
third party transfersIn the simplest terms, a third party transfer moves a file between two GridFTP servers. The following is a more detailed, programmatic description.
time series dataData provided as part of a metric. The time value is assumed to be when the value occurred.
TLS (Transport Layer Security)A protocol that provides communications privacy and security between two applications communicating over a network.
topicA communication channel to send messages and subscribe to notifications. It provides an access point for publishers and subscribers to communicate with…
Transport Layer Security (TLS)(TLS)A cryptographic protocol that provides security for communication over the Internet. Its predecessor is Secure Sockets Layer (SSL).
Trigger ServiceAn aggregator service (in WS MDS) that collects information and compares that data against a set of conditions defined in a configuration file.
trusted CAs directoryThe directory containing the CA certificates and signing policy files of the CAs trusted by GSI.
tuningSelecting the number and type of AMIs to run a Hadoop job flow most efficiently.
TunnelCovered portion of spillway between the gate or crest structure and the terminal structure, where open channel flow and/or pressure flow conditions may…
unboundedThe number of potential occurrences is not limited by a set number. This value is often used when defining a data type that is a list (for example…
URL (Universal Resource Locator)A Universal Resource Locator is the address that translates to a TCP/IP address in order to access resources in the Internet.
usage reportAn AWS report giving details of your usage of a particular AWS service. You can generate and download usage reports from http://aws.amazon.
user certificateA EEC belonging to a user. When using GSI, this certificate is typically stored in $HOME/.globus/usercert.pem.
user credentialsThe combination of a user certificate and its corresponding private key.
utility computingWhile utility computing often requires a cloud-like infrastructure, its focus is on the business model on which providing the computing services are based.
Utility Data CenterAn infrastructure solution proposed by HP that allows virtualization of computing resources for the data center.
Validationis the process of performing a set of experiments that establish the efficacy and reliability of a technique or procedure or modification thereof.
versioningDocument and picture versioning creates a backup copy of a file whenever it is saved to the library.
Vertical CloudA cloud computing environment optimized for use in a particular vertical -- i.e., industry -- or application use case.
virtualIs a process by which multiple operating systems (servers) run on a single piece of hardware or physical server
Virtual Machine Import/ExportA feature offered by AWS that users can use to import virtual machine images from their existing environment to Amazon EC2 instances and export them back…
Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)(VPC)A term coined by Reuven Cohen, CEO and founder of Enomaly. The term describes a concept that is similar to, and derived from, the familiar concept of a…
virtual private gateway (VPG)(VPG)Virtual private gateway. The Amazon side of a VPN connection that maintains connectivity.
VirtualizationA feature that allows standard users to run applications that normally write to per-computer files and registry keys.
virtualizedApplications are decoupled from the underlying hardware. Multiple applications can run on one computer (virtualization a la VMWare) or multiple computers…
visibility timeoutThe period of time that a message is invisible to the rest of your application after an application component gets it from the queue.
VMM (Virtual Machine Monitor)A layer of software or firmware/microcode that sits between one or more operating systems and a server.
VO (Virtual Organization)A virtual entity whose users and servers are geographically apart but share their resources collectively as a larger grid.
VPN (Virtual Private Network)A secure network that is constructed by using public wires to connect nodes. For example, there are a number of systems that enable creation of networks…
VPN connectionAlthough VPN connection is a general term, we specifically mean the IPsec connection between a VPC and some other network, such as a corporate data…
W3C (World Wide Web Consortium)The World Wide Web Consortium is an independent work group formed in 1994 thatprovides standards like XML.
Web ServiceA Web service is a software system designed to support interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a network.
Web ServicesProtocols that enable computers to work together by exchanging messages. Web services are based on the standard protocols of XML, SOAP and WSDL, which…
Web Services Addressing (WSA)The WS-Addressing specification defines transport-neutral mechanisms to address web services and messages.
Web Services Description Language (WSDL)(WSDL)A language used to describe the actions that a web service can perform, along with the syntax of action requests and responses.
Web Services Notification (WSN)The WS-Notification family of specifications define a pattern-based approach to allowing Web services to disseminate information to one another.
Web Services Resource Framework (WSRF)Web Services Resource Framework (WSRF) is a specification that extends web services for grid applications by giving them the ability to retain state…
WebMDSIn WS MDS, WebMDS is a web-based interface to WSRF resource property information that can be used as a user-friendly front-end to the Index Service or…
WorkloadThe amount of processing that a computer is given to perform in under certain time frame.
Workload BalancingDistributing the workload across multiple systems to optimize system usage and response time for the user.
WSA (Web Services Architecture)The Web Services Architecture is a standardized approach based on SOAP and WSDL to develop Web Service solutions.
WSDL (Web Services Description Language)Web Services Description Language is a mechanism for representing the services that a provider has and is making available and the specifics for accessing…
WSIL (Web Services Inspection Language)Web Services Inspection Language is a means for discovering the WSDL-described services that a provider has made available.
XalanXSLT stylesheet processor. For more information, see http://xml.apache.org/xalan-j/
XercesAdvanced parsing. For more information, see http://xerces.apache.org/xerces-j/.
XindiceNative XML database. For more information, see http://xml.apache.org/xindice/.
XML (Extensible Markup Language)A markup language that enables users to tag data in order to delimit it, leaving the interpretation of the data to the applications that read it.
XML Path Language (XPath)XPath is a language for finding information in an XML document. XPath is used to navigate through elements and attributes in an XML document.
XML-APIsFor more information, see http://www.apache.org.