property ruleA JSON-compliant markup standard for declaring properties, mappings, and output values in an AWS CloudFormation template.
provisioned IOPSA storage option designed to deliver fast, predictable, and consistent I/O performance.
ProvisioningProvisioning is the act of putting a grid component into the active state so that it is available to a consumer of the service or resource it supplies.
proxy certificateA short lived certificate issued using a EEC. A proxy certificate typically has the same effective subject as the EEC that issued it and can thus be used…
proxy credentialsThe combination of a proxy certificate and its corresponding private key. GSI typically stores proxy credentials in /tmp/x509up_u<uid> , where <uid> is…
pseudo parameterA predefined setting, such as AWS:StackName that can be used in AWS CloudFormation templates without having to declare them.
public accessThe access privilege in an access control list (ACL) that includes Depositor access and No Access and that allows reading, writing, and copying public…
public AMIAn Amazon Machine Image that all AWS accounts have permission to launch.
Public CloudA cloud computing environment that is open for use to the general public, whether individuals, corporations or other types of organizations.
public data setA large set of public data that can be seamlessly integrated into AWS cloud-based applications.
public IP addressAll EC2 instances are assigned two IP addresses at launch, which are directly mapped to each other through Network Address Translation (NAT): a private…
public keyAn encryption key associated with a Notes ID that is used to verify an electronic signature, encrypt a message, or identify an authenticating user.
public subnetA subnet whose instances can be reached from the Internet.
QoS (Quality of Service)A term used in a Service Level Agreement (SLA) denoting a guaranteed level of performance (e.g., response times less than 1 second).
QueryA request for identification of a set of assets, expressed in terms of a set of criteria, which the identified item must satisfy.
query aggregator sourceAn aggregator source (included in WS MDS) that polls a WSRF service for resource property information.
queueA system where if a realm is overloaded, subsequent players trying to log on will be queued up in a first come first serve basis and allowed to log on…
quotaA way to specify limits to the amount of storage or number of users a Web site can use.
RA (Registrant Authority)A Registrant Authority works in conjunction with the Certificate Authority (CA) approving or rejecting requests for certificates of public keys.
RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)A method of accessing multiple individual disks as if the array were one larger disk, spreading data access out over these multiple disks.
RAID (Redundant Arrays of Independent Disks)A way of storing the same data in different places on multiple hard disks. Storing data on multiple disks can improve performance by balancing input and…
range GETA range GET specifies a byte range of data to get for a download. If an object is large, you can break up a download into smaller units by sending…
read replicaAn active copy of another DB instance. Any updates to the data on the source DB instance are replicated to the read replica DB instance using the built-in…
receipt handleAn identifier you get when you receive a message from the queue. This identifier is required to delete a message from the queue or when changing a…
RedshiftA change in the frequency or wavelength of light. This can arise from motion of the source (Doppler shift), expansion of space, or strong gravitational…
reducerAn executable in the MapReduce process that uses the intermediate results from the mapper and processes them into the final output.
referenceA document that discloses subject matter that is material to a determination of the patentability of a claimed invention. MPEP 2126, MPEP 2126.
regionA coverage feature class used to represent a spatial feature as one or more polygons. Many regions can be defined in a single coverage.
Regions - US East, US West, GovCloudAmazon’s way of classifying multiple geographic areas hosting EC2 world-wide. Each AWS Region is a separate geographic area.
Relational Database Service (RDS)(RDS)A web service that allows users to set up, operate and scale a relational database in the cloud.
Replica Location Index (RLI)Collects information about the logical name mappings stored in one or more Local Replica Catalogs (LRCs) and answers queries about those mappings.
Replica Location Service (RLS)A distributed registry that keeps track of where replicas exist on physical storage systems.
Representational State Transfer (REST)(REST)A type of HTTP-based request interface that generally uses only the GET or POST HTTP method and a query string with parameters. Sometimes known as Query.
requesterA requester is a person who sends a request to an AWS service and asks for access to a particular resource.
Requester PaysAn Amazon S3 feature that allows a bucket owner to specify that anyone who requests access to objects in a particular bucket must pay the data transfer…
reservationA collection of EC2 instances started as part of the same launch request.
Reserved InstanceA purchase option which allows users to minimize cost by purchasing instances in bulk ahead of time.
resourceData, metadata, a collection of data, or a collection of metadata accessed as a content item. Examples: a document, a database table, a content class.
resource propertiesA resource is composed of zero or more resource properties which describe the resource.
resource propertyA value required when including an AWS resource in an AWS CloudFormation stack. Each resource may have one or more properties associated with it.
resource recordAlso called resource record set. Standard DNS terminology. See Also http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System.
Resource Specification Language (RSL)Term used to describe a GRAM job for GT2 and GT3. (Note: This is not the same as RLS - the Replica Location Service)
ResourceHomeIn Java WS Core, resources are managed and discovered via ResourceHome implementations.
REST-QueryAlso known as Query or HTTP Query. This is a type of HTTP request that generally uses only the GET or POST HTTP method and a query string with parameters.
RLS attributeDescriptive information that may be associated with a logical or target name mapping registered in a Local Replica Catalog (LRC).
rollbackA return to a previous state that follows the failure to create an object, such as AWS CloudFormation stack.
root device volumeContains the image used to boot the instance. If you launched the instance from an AMI backed by instance store, this is an instance store volume created…
Route 53A scalable Domain Name System (DNS) that help businesses and developers to effectively route their end users in Internet applications by translating…
route tableA set of routing rules that controls the traffic leaving any subnet that is associated with the route table.
SAAJFor more information, see http://www.apache.org.
SaaS (Software as a Service)refers to specialised companies who provide a very specific stack and support for that stack so as to get rid of the need for any technical headaches, e.g.
sampling periodA defined duration of time, such as one minute, over which CloudWatch computes a statistic.
SAN (Storage Area Network)A high-speed subnetwork of shared storage devices. A storage device is a machine that contains nothing but a disc or discs for storing data.
SandboxA network or series of networks that are not connected to other networks.
SASLSee definition for: Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL)
ScalabilityThe capacity of a system to expand without requiring major reconfiguration or re-entry of data.
Scale OutScale Out is the term usually applied to scaling an application or service through the use of multiple service component instances, which typically…
Scale UpConversion of a process, such as fermentation of a micro-organism, from a small laboratory scale to a larger industrial scale.
scaling activityA process that changes the size, configuration, or makeup of an Auto Scaling group by launching or terminating instances.
schedulerTerm used to describe a job scheduler mechanism to which GRAM interfaces. It is a networked system for submitting, controlling, and monitoring the…
scheduler adapterThe interface used by GRAM to communicate/interact with a job scheduler mechanism. In GT 4.x, this is both the perl submission scripts and the SEG program.
Scheduler Event Generator (SEG)The Scheduler Event Generator (SEG) is a program which uses scheduler-specific monitoring modules to generate job state change events.
Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA)(SHA)SHA1 is an earlier version of the algorithm, which AWS has deprecated in favor of SHA256.
Secure InterfaceThe physical layer connection between a gateway and a secure network.
Secure NetworkA logical portion of a network that client computers can access if they either meet corporate health policy or are exempt from meeting corporate health…
security groupA named set of allowed inbound network connections for an instance. (Security groups in Amazon VPC also include support for outbound connections.
self-healingIn case of failure, there will be a hot backup instance of the application ready to take over without disruption (known as failover).
Sender IDA Microsoft-controlled version of SPF. An email authentication and anti-spoofing system. For more information about Sender ID, go to http://wikipedia.
service certificateA EEC for a specific service (e.g. FTP or LDAP). When using GSI this certificate is typically stored in /etc/grid-security/<service>/<service>cert.pem.
Service CharacterizationThe process by which the composition or pattern of a service and the relationships with its dependencies is derived.
service credentialsThe combination of a service certificate and its corresponding private key.
service health dashboardA web page showing up-to-the-minute information about AWS service availability. The dashboard is located at http://status.aws.amazon.com.
Service Level ManagementManaging system performance (i.e. response time, compute power, storage space) by a contract in which a Service Provider agrees to deliver an agreed-upon…
Service SizingThe process by which the number, performance, scaling, availability and security attributes of grid components is derived.
service-orientedThe system allows composing applications out of discrete services that are loosely coupled (independent of each other).
servletFor more information, see http://www.apache.org.
shared AMIAn AMI that users other than the owner have launch permissions for.
shared AMISHAAn Amazon Machine Image that a developer builds and makes available for others to use.
shutdown actionA predefined bootstrap action that launches a script that executes a series of commands in parallel before terminating the job flow.
SIGNATURE fileA file you copy to the root directory of your storage device. The file contains a job ID, manifest file, and a signature.
Simple Storage Service (S3)(S3)A storage web service that provide storage through web services interfaces such as REST, SOAP and BitTorrent.
SimpleDBA flexible distributed database writen in Erlang that stores data and serves users’ requests.
Single-AZ DB InstanceA standard (non-Multi-AZ) DB instance that is deployed in one Availability Zone, without a standby replica in another Availability Zone.
SLA (Service Level Agreement)is the policy that a Cloud providing company will make to its clients to guarantee how their services will work.
SLA-drivenThe system is dynamically managed by service-level agreements that define policies such as how quickly responses to requests need to be delivered.
SLO (Service Level Objective)The specific quantifiable and measurable attributes of a service that form the basis of a Service Level Agreement. See also: Service Level Agreement
SMP (Symmetric Multiprocessing)A computer architecture that utilizes multiple CPUs to complete individual processes simultaneously.