ExpertGlossary terms starting with C

4,595 terms

Claudication A condition caused by a local and temporary deficiency of blood to the muscles due to narrowing (sclerosis) of the arteries (Peripheral Artery Disease)…
Claus model A computer program that uses statistics to predict a person's risk for developing breast cancer based on family history.
clavicle Collar bone.
Clay A very fine-grained rock or mineral fragment of any composition that has a diameter of less than 0.002 mm.
Clay size That portion of the soil finer than 0.002 mm (0.005 mm in some cases).
CLC Command Launch Computer (HARM term).
CLD Cloud- A visible aggregate of minute water droplets or ice particles in the atmosphere above the Earth's surface.
CLDC (Connected, Limited Device Configuration) The Connected, Limited Device Configuration (CLDC) is a specification for a Java ME configuration.
CLE Command and Launch Equipment.
Clean Air Act (CAA) The Superfund law incorporates those substances listed as hazardous air pollutants under section 112 of the Clean Air Act (CAA) as CERCLA hazardous…
Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 Amendments to the Clean Air Act of 1970 creating two gasoline standards to reduce vehicle emissions in highly polluted cities by requiring gasoline to…
Clean air acts Federal and state environmental statutes enacted to regulate and control air pollution.
clean bill Generally, after a committee has amended legislation, the chairman may be authorized by the panel to assemble the changes and what remains unchanged from…
Clean Power Generator A company or other organizational unit that produces electricity from sources that are thought to be environmentally cleaner than traditional sources.
Clean Water Act See Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1948.
Clean Water Act (CWA) The Superfund law incorporates those substances listed as hazardous water pollutants under section 311 (b)(4) of the Clean Water Act (CWA) as CERCLA…
clear To cause one or more storage locations to be in a prescribed state, usually that corresponding to a zero or that corresponding to the yyspace character.
Clear Air Turbulence (CAT) - In aviation, sudden severe turbulence occurring in cloudless regions that causes violent buffeting of aircraft.
Clear and convincing evidence Standard of proof used in certain lawsuits and in regulatory agency cases. It governs the amount of proof that must be offered in order for the plaintiff…
clear cell (kleer sel) A type of cell that looks clear inside when viewed under a microscope.
clear cell adenocarcinoma (kleer sel A-den-oh-KAR-sih-NOH-muh) A rare type of tumor, usually of the female genital tract, in which the insides of the cells look clear when viewed…
clear cell carcinoma (kleer sel KAR-sih-NOH-muh) A rare type of tumor, usually of the female genital tract, in which the insides of the cells look clear when viewed under a…
clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (kleer sel sar-KOH-muh ...KID-nee) A rare type of kidney cancer, in which the inside of the cells look clear when viewed under a microscope.
clear channel In radio broadcasting, a frequency assigned for the exclusive use of one entity. 2.
clear channel capability (CCC) A characteristic of a transmission path in which the bit position allocated for customer data may represent any combination of zeros and ones.
clear collision Contention that occurs when a DTE and a DCE simultaneously transfer a clear request packet and a clear indication packet specifying the same logical…
clear confirmation signal A call control signal used to acknowledge reception of the data-terminal-equipment (DTE) clear request by the data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) or…
Clear Ice A thin coating of ice on terrestrial objects, caused by rain that freezes on impact.
clear key The key that is stored unencrypted on the disk volume. This key is used to freely access the volume master key, and in turn, the full volume encryption…
clear message 1. A message that (a) is sent in the forward direction and the backward direction, (b) contains a circuit-released signal or circuit-released…
Clear Slot With respect to severe thunderstorms, a local region of clearing skies or reduced cloud cover, indicating an intrusion of drier air; often seen as a…
clear text Unencrypted, non-machine dependent, ASCII text in readable form.
Clear Title Ownership that is free of liens, defects, or other legal encumbrances.
Clear_sky Clear sky Sky with a total cloud cover of less than one okta (or one-tenth in the United States).
Clearance Clearance is the first half of the process that completes your order to buy or sell a security.
Clearcut The removal, in a single cutting, of the entire stand of trees within a designated area.
Clearing The registration and settlement of a trade that includes provisions for margin requirement and performance guarantee.
Clearing and grubbing Cleaning a site to prepare it for construction. Involves removing debris, structures, shrubbery, trees, obstructions, and objectionable and unsuitable…
Clearing firm Clearing firms handle the back-office details of securities transactions between broker-dealers, making the settlement process streamlined and efficient.
Clearinghouse Clearing corporations, or clearinghouses, provide operational support for securities and commodities exchanges.
clearwater Describes a lake or stream with good visibility.
Cleavage The process of cell division in the very early embryo before it becomes a blastocyst.
Cleavage of Lateral Epitaxial Films for Transfer (CLEFT) A process for making inexpensive Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) photovoltaic cells in which a thin film of GaAs is grown atop a thick, single-crystal GaAs (or…
cleave To break phosphodiester bonds of double-stranded DNA, usually with a type II restriction endonuclease. Synonyms: cut; digest.
cleaved Having to do with the appearance of cells when viewed under a microscope. The nucleus of cleaved cells appears divided or segmented.
cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence A segment of DNA that can be amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and which contains a DNA sequence polymorphism.
CLEC Abbreviation for competitive local exchange carrier. The new local exchange carrier that is attempting to compete outside its traditional operating…
CLEMENTINE A flight program to demonstrate lightweight spacecraft technologies.
CLEO Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (See EQEC).
Clerestory A window located high in a wall near the eaves that allows daylight into a building interior, and may be used for ventilation and solar heat gain.
clergy (KLUR-jee) Ordained individuals who perform spiritual and/or religious functions.
Clerk The administrative staff person who calls the calendar, organizes the files, keeps track of the cases, and initially identifies certain possible defects…
clerk of court An officer appointed by the court to work with the chief judge in overseeing the courts administration, especially to assist in managing the flow of cases…
CLFR See Compact Linear Fresnel Reflector
CLGP Cannon-Launched Guided Projectile.
click data Data obtained by analyzing the log file containing information regarding who has accessed the Web page or the banner under consideration.
click rate Of a Web page menu item, especially an advertisement, the ratio of (a) the number of time it is selected ("clicked") to (b) the number of times it is…
Click through The process of clicking on a link in a search engine output page to visit an indexed site.
Click-down Ad or Click-within Ad An ad that allows the user to stay on the same web page, while viewing requested advertising content.
Click-Through Rate (CTR) Measures how many people of one hundred clicked on a link in an email on average.
clicks Synonym click-through.
Clickthrough The action of clicking an ad element and causing a redirect to another web page.
Clickthrough rate the rate at which people click on a link such as a search engine listing or a banner ad.
client Any computer system that requests a service of another computer system. A workstation requesting the contents of a file from a file server is a client of…
Client (Application) A system entity, usually a computer process acting on behalf of a human user, that makes use of a service provided by a server.
Client Access server role A set of components and services that enable users to access their Exchange mailboxes through the application Outlook Web Access and the protocols…
client account partner discovery Web page The Web page that is used to interact with a user to determine which account partner the user belongs to when Active Directory Federation Services (ADFS)…
Client Agency As used in connection with reimbursable National Weather Service (NWS) fire weather services, a public fire service or wildlands management agency…
client authentication certificate In AD FS, a certificate that federation server proxies use to authenticate a client to the Federation Service.
client certificate An electronic stamp that contains a public key, a name, an expiration date, and a digital signature.
client ID A unique identification number used when sending data to a specific client. Clients that are standardized for use in generic applications are allocated…
client logoff Web page When Active Directory Federation Services (ADFS) performs a logoff operation, a Web page that is executed to provide visual feedback to the user that the…
client logon Web page When AD FS collects client credentials, a Web page that is executed to perform the user interaction.
client reconnect Users access to the backup site after failover. Client reconnect can be transparent, where the user is automatically connected to the application running…
client-certificate authentication An authentication mechanism that uses HTTP over SSL, in which the server and, optionally, the client authenticate each other with a public key certificate…
client-config.wsdd Axis client-side WSDD configuration file. It contains information about the type mappings, the transport and other handlers.
client-server architecture The structural basis of Exchange. The client sends requests to a server, and the server carries out the instructions. [Exchange 5.5]
Client/Server An architecture whereby a computer system consists of one or more server computers and numerous client computers (workstations).
client/server transfer In a client/server transfer, there are only two entities involved in the transfer, the client entity and the server entity.
cliff effect In the digital transmission of analog signals, including analog television and digital audio broadcasting (DAB), a signal-quality effect in which the…
Climate The prevailing or average weather conditions of a geographic region.
Climate Action Plan A description of the policies and measures that a local government will take to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve its emissions reduction…
Climate Change A term used to describe short and long-term affects on the Earth's climate as a result of human activities such as fossil fuel combustion and vegetation…
climate control management of temperature and humidity where records are stored See also environmental control.
Climate Diagnostics Bulletin (CDB) - The monthly CPC Bulletin reports on the previous months' status of the ocean-atmosphere climate system and provides various seasonal ENSO-related…
Climate Diagnostics Center (CDC) - The mission of NOAA's Climate Diagnostics Center is to identify the nature and causes for climate variations on time scales ranging from a month…
Climate Feedback An interaction mechanism between processes in the climate system is called a climate feedback, when the result of an initial process triggers changes in a…
Climate Lag The delay that occurs in climate change as a result of some factor that changes only very slowly.
Climate Model Mathematical model for quantitatively describing, simulating, and analyzing the interactions between the atmosphere and underlying surface (e.g.
Climate modeling The simulation of the climate using computer-based models. See climate model, General Circulation Model.
Climate Outlook A climate outlook issued by the CPC gives probabilities that conditions, averaged over a specified period, will be below-normal, normal, or above-normal.
Climate Prediction Center This Center is one of several centers under the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) part of the National Weather Service (NWS) in the…
Climate Sensitivity In IPCC Reports, equilibrium climate sensitivity refers to the equilibrium change in global mean surface temperature following a doubling of the…
Climate System The system consisting of the atmosphere (gases), hydrosphere (water), lithosphere (solid rocky part of the Earth), and biosphere (living) that determine…
Climate System (or Earth System) The five physical components (atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere) that are responsible for the climate and its variations.
Climate variability Climate (climatic) variability 1)In the most general sense, the term "climate variability" denotes the inherent characteristic of climate which manifests…
Climatic year Continuous 12-month period during which a complete climactic cycle occurs.
Climatological atlas Climatological atlas Atlas composed mainly of climatological charts. It represents especially the monthly and annual distributions of the principal…
Climatological Outlook An outlook based upon climatological statistics for a region, abbreviated as CL on seasonal outlook maps.
Climatology The science that deals with the phenomena of climates or climatic conditions.